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ITS HISTORY PEOPLE, TRADES, COMMERCE, 
INSTITUTIONS ^^, ^ INDUSTRIES 



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FIRST EDITION 



WALTER G. MUIRHEID, Editor 

FRANK STEVENS, Treasurer 

GEORGE A. PARKER, Advertising 



AUGUST, 1909 



CCI A?6liiG3 



Copyright, 1910, by Frank Stevens, Treasurer 
Review Special. Jersey City, X. J. 



CN. 



>s. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Jersey City, New Jersey, the eighteenth city in point 
=^ of population in the United States of America, and the 
j^second in the State of New Jersey, had an estimated 
population on June 1, 1906, based on the Federal 
census of 1 900and the State census of 1 905, of 237,952. 
The decennial census of 1890 showed a population of 
163,003, and that of 1900 of 206,433, while the 
estimate of the Board of Health and Vital Statistics 
of Hudson County places its population on June 1, 
1909, at 253,71 1. 

There were 82,545 people in Jersey City in 1870. 
To-day there is, therefore, an increase of about 200 per 
cent. At this rate of growth Jersey City will be a city 
of 745,374 in 1936, but there are none who will not 
admit that she will have reached the million mark by 
that time. There are factors of progress to-day that 
never existed before, and these factors will so materially 
increase the ratio of increase that the most optimistic 
prophet of to-day will be unable to tell what will be the 
population of Jersey City in 1936. 

The figures as given above are most conservative, 
and are based upon the percentage of increase during 
the past twenty-nine years. They do not take into 
account the subways, river tunnels and other factors of 
progress, whose influence is now beginning to be felt. 
Those agencies, it is believed, will increase the rate of 
growth so that Jersey City will in all probability have a 
population of 1 ,000,000 long before 1 936. 

Jersey City is the county seat of Hudson County, 
the smallest county in point of area yet the most 
densely populated in the state, the population of the 
county numbering 500,695, and comprising thirteen 
municipalities, divided into two sections of ten and 
three municipalities each, separated by the Hackensack 
meadows. The smaller of these two groups comprises 
what is known as West Hudson and, because of its 
distance from the county seat, forms a locality of its 
own. The larger group is one great city, the border 
line separating the various municipalities being the 
centre of a street, so that the average outsider would 
not be aware of the fact that he had passed from one 
municipality to another. This group of municipalities 
comprises a population of 467,235, and it is only a 
question of a few years when it will become a greater 
Jersey City. Efforts in the direction of consolidation 
have been under way for some time, but thus far the 
actual result has not been accomplished, though both 
commercial and topographic conditions all tend towards 
the eventful merger of Jersey City, Bayonne, Hoboken, 
West Hoboken, Union Hill, Weehawken, North 
Bergen and the smaller towns of Guttenberg, West 
New York and Secaucus as one great municipality. 

The population of Jersey City will quadruple in 
twenty-five years, and this is a reasonable estimate 
on the basis of the rate of increase of the last ten 
years, which has been a little over twelve per cent. 
annually. If the population is 1,000,000 in 1934 the 
assessed value of real estate will probably be in excess 



of $62,000,000,000. The present assessed value of 
real estate per capita is about $1,075. Gold is now 
depreciating at the rate of over 25 per cent, in ten 
years, and the gold production is increasing. If 
depreciation continues, the gold standard is maintained 
and gold is freely coined as at present, the depreciation 
in twenty-five years will be 50 per cent. Allowing for 
the depreciation, the per capita value of real estate will 
be at least $2,000. As population becomes more dense 
the per capita value of land increases, so that the per 
capita should be at least $2,500. This would give a 
total assesssed value in twenty-five years of $2,500,- 
000,000. 

TWENTY YEARS' CHANGE. 

The Jersey City of twenty years ago is in nowise 
the Jersey City of to-day. This is a new city you are 
walking in, alive, tensely alive to all that is going on 
about it and standing at the threshold of the West 
receiving and discharging the richest cargoes of 
America's great domain; progressive even to the 
smallest street urchin who sells you your evening 
paper and alert to all the possibilities of its wonderful 
location. 

Twentieth Century Jersey City is probably one of 
the busiest industrial centers in the United States. As 
a producer and distributer it is the beehive of the great 
central and middle Eastern States and with the rich, 
new life of the last decade becoming sturdier and more 
active, its future is assured. It has already passed 
many great cities of the Union which have reached the 
climax of their powers, and must in the future years 
but recede upon themselves, settling down to the staid 
conservatism and business lethargy of continental 
towns. The road lies straight and clear before in- 
dustrial Jersey City and she is in the race to stay. 

A feature of manufacturing in Jersey City is its 
diversity. The city does not, like most others of its 
class, depend on any single line of manufacturing. 
While the aggregate capital employed compares favor- 
ably with that in most other cities corresponding to 
Jersey City in size, the classes of goods supplied cover 
a wide field. One result of this is that the city in 
general feels little effect of any depression in some 
particular line. The way in which Jersey City 
weathered the recent panic is a splendid example of 
this. Whereas in other cities the whole industrial life 
was thrown out of joint by the partial paralysis of some 
chief industry on which thousands depended, in Jersey 
City the very diversity of the manufactured products 
saved the city from feeling the business depression as 
keenly as it was felt in other cities. 

Every great city has a geographical explanation. 
London and New York are primarily centers of dis- 
tribution. They are gateways, the ports of entrance 
and exit to the great territory they supply. Cities like 
Pittsburg and Manchester are primarily centres of 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



production. Jersey City lias tiie rare good fortune to 
be so placed that it is both a center of production and 
of distribution. 

The destiny of Jersey City in the industrial world is 
one that needs no herald. The forces that will of their 
own initiative produce i( are inevitably at work. Apart 
from human energy and local enterprise, the two 
great agencies which are constandy advancing Jersey 
City as a manufacturing center are natural convenience 
of location and unsurpassed transportation facilities by 
rail and water. 

GATEWAY OF THE WEST. 

Jersey City stands at the gateway of the Western 
world. All the great traffic that makes navigation on 
New York Bay and Hudson River one of the greatest 
single movements of commerce in the world passes 
through Jersey City on its way to the East from the 
Western plains, and back again to the farms and towns 
of the interior from the factories and mercantile centers 
of the Atlantic States. There is no limit to the volume 
of this great ebb and flood of trade. It will grow as the 
country grows, and the great expanse of the harbor of 
New York City will always be there waiting placidly to 
bear the burden of it. It never will be possible to 
choke Jersey City. Temporary shortsightedness and 
momentary local advantages may divert this or that 
share of the hour's traffic, but the waters must flow 
where the channel lies and in the end it must all pass 
through Jersey City. 

In the new Jersey City, which has come into ex- 
istence by the opening of the Hudson River tunnels, 
the question has arisen : How can the people of Jersey 
City best tell the citizens of the rest of the country what 
Jersey City is and what she intends to be ? The 
boosting spirit has taken possession of the citizens, the 
progressive merchants have taken it for their watch- 
word, and the realty and transportation conditions of 
the current year have brought Jersey City into the 
ranks of American cities of the first-class in title as well 
as in fact. 

From the instant that the first train thundered through 
the great tubes under the mighty Hudson, Jersey City 
has had a new schedule, and more and larger things 
were expected of her. It now behooves every loyal 
Jersey City man to ask only : " Is it good for all of 
Jersey City? " and then put his shoulder to the wheel 
and push for a broader and better city — for Jersey City 
is to grow more in the next five years than it has in the 
past ten. 

THE BOOSTING SPIRIT. 

As Philip's constant cry "Carthage must be de- 
stroyed," led to the ruin of that ancient city, so the 
splendid motto of the Board of Trade, "Do it for 
Jersey City," should be the battle-cry and prove that 
many of Jersey City's troublesome problems of to-day 
will not be troublesome to-morrow. 

The people of Jersey City must talk up Jersey 
City, acquaint themselves with its material and moral 
advantages, and sound its praises in speech and corres- 
pondence, for it naturally follows that he who boasts 
of the beauty and wholesomeness of his city will add his 



personal effort to the general movement to make it a 
city of which all the people may be proud. He will 
interest himself in the schools, hospitals and other 
institutions and support all common efforts to minister 
to the higher life of the people. And he may even go 
so far as to emulate that Western man who offered $500 
reward for anyone who was caught speaking dis- 
paragingly of his city. 

Jersey City has always been a city of large manu- 
facturing interests, and the effort of its workshops goes 
into all parts of the world, for the spirit of the artisan 
has led him to put the utmost of ability and conscience 
intohis handiwork. Asthelegend, "Made in Germany" 
or "Made in France" guarantees cunning and skill in 
certain arts peculiar to those countries, so the words 
" Made in Jersey City " should become a credential of 
thorough workmanship and higher value. 

Think of what it would mean to Jersey City if Dixon 
marked it on its pencils, Colgate on their soaps, See 
on their elevators, the Franco-American Food Co. 
on its soups, Mehl on their leather goods and Koven 
on their boilers. There is not a Jersey City manu- 
facturer whose sales would not greatly increase if 
" Made in Jersey City " was imprinted on everything 
he manufactured. 

But the results of mechanical processes are not the 
cnly valuable products of a municipality like Jersey 
City. Deeds are better than words, quality rather than 
quantity, and the greatest civilization lies in the high 
type of men and women it produces. Jersey City 
should continue to be a city of high ideals, and one of 
the best things that can be done for it is for everyone to 
lend his support to the upbuilding of the social and 
moral atmosphere, for in such a city children will grow 
up to adorn the ideal Jersey City of the future. 

A queen once said : "Calais is written on my heart." 
Jersey City is worthy to be written on the heart of 
every man, woman and child who lives in it. We 
now have in course of making or completed a new 
Post Office, a new Court House, and a new City 
Hospital, so that country, county and city are all 
contributing their share towards the new city. All 
these buildings reflect the progress oi" the city. The 
new West Side Park has surpassed even the wildest 
dreams of the optimist. The work of this Commission 
should be encouraged, and the men who seek to promote 
private interests by attacking them should not be 
allowed to do anything to hinder their great work of 
progress. 

The great development of Jersey City during the 
past few years, the development that added $5,998,010 
in 1907, and $4,552,815 in 1908 in buildings alone, 
and that brought about an even greater increase in the 
value of land, has been due in no small part to the 
extensions of trolley service, and this is now totally 
eclipsed by the Hudson River tunnels. As a result of 
these tunnels, factories and workmen will locate in the 
outlying sections, adding millions of dollars to the tax- 
able property and wealth of Jersey City. Citizens 
should welcome and work for all these increased 
facilities, the full effect of which will be felt even more 
in the future than can be realized now. 

In the face of great danger, a man should always 
listen to his judgment and not to his emotions. That 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Jersey City's business and professionii! men do this 
was es'idenced in the recent Hnancial sii'ingency, 
thereby aiding the banks in making Jersey City known 
throughout the United States as one of the few 
American cities which furnished its patrons with all the 
cash required for legitimate needs. Few realize the 
wide reputation of Jersey City banks, whose resources 
e.xceed the bank resources of many larger cities. 

Boost Jersey City. It is only the busy man who 
does things. Work does not kill; it helps. It is the 
standing water that becomes stagnant. A change of 
activity, mental or physical, is always a rest. "Only 
live fish swim up stream." 

To tell of any great city's commercial and industrial 
enterprises is always difficult, if one desires to convey 
a fairly correct idea of the scope and significance of the 



myriads of screws, nuts, bolts, cogs, rods, pistons, 
cranks, cylinders and other essential parts of the intricate 
whole. What the eye sees is to it akin to orderly 
chaos — a thing beyond the power of mind to com- 
prehend. 

Jersey City ! Gateway to the Western world, it is 
true, but above all the city of marvelous opportunity 
and industry. What it is destined to become in the 
course of a few years only the prophetic vision of the 
great can see. If one were to contrast the Jersey 
City of Anthony Dey's time with the Jersey City of 
to-day, one would be almost constrained to believe that 
the magic wand of some hitherto unstoried fairy had 
been waved over its great territory and had fashioned 
and put into being the inanimate stores in Nature's 
housihold, or as if some Cyclops had arisen and 




APPROACH TO WEST SIDE PARK. 



business involved. To tell of Jersey City in this 
relation is a task which no one has yet successfully 
conquered. 

THE CITY'S GREATNESS. 

To endeavor to get a birdseye view of busy Jersey 
City is almost as impossible as it would be to look down 
upon one of the marvelous twentieth century printing 
presses or into the engine hold of the Lusitania, and try 
to single out each bit of mechanism or endeavor to com- 
prehend the relation which one piece bears to another. 
If the machinery is working, the untrained eye might 
as well try to search the heavens as a Lick telescope 
can do to catch the illimitable number of luminaries in 
the firmament as to e.xpect to retain upon the memory 



by a few strokes of a mighty hammer had converted a 
conglomorate mass into mechanisms of intelligence. 

As the years have rolled on there has been created 
little by little a spirit of energy among the people which 
has led to a broadening and at the same time an 
indentification of interests, whose power and influence 
are still unbroken, and give promise to leading to such 
commercial and industrial supremacy as shall astonish 
the world. It is true that not all has been done that 
could have been done, and for this reason the marvel is 
that Jersey City is in her present rank. 

Jersey City's greatness has been achieved against no 
small odds. With one of the finest rivers on the globe 
skirling its eastern boundary, it has not thus far attained 
such dignity as a port as should be commensurate with 
its size and importance. The day of lethargy, however, 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



is passing, and Jersey City will soon emerge triumphant 
as a maritime port, to which will come ships of every 
flag, hearing precious burdens from the waters of 
Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and the islands of the sea. 

PLANS FOR TO-MORROW. 

What is being planned to-day is stupendous, but it is 
not all that the city's builders have in mind. Natural 
or physical conditions may define the limits to which 
Jersey City's ambition may be carried, but otherwise 
there is no boundary that man can fix beyond which 
her people may not go. 

The same indomitable spirit of boundless energy 
which has characterized the best of Jersey City's man- 
hood and enabled it to rise superior to many obstacles 
will be displayed as long as men may wield the hammer 
or blow the forge. And not only this. The sterling 
qualities which have characterized the men of brains 
and business in this city will be perpetuated in every 
act and determination as they pass from progress to 
progress. Fair dealing, honest measure, generous 
consideration, wise direction, conservative manage- 
ment, vigorous of action, capable of ready initiative, 
boundless in enterprise, quick to go, quick to come, 
quick to see and grasp the opportunity, outbidding 
others in an open field, doing the best, giving the best, 
surpassing all, Jersey Citizens will be known this wide 
world over as generals of industry. 

The list of Jersey City's manufacturers is a long one 
and their names are known far and wide. Many of 
these names are household names, but others there are 
which, by reason of the fact that their bearers are 
naturally confined to a more limited sphere of activity 
because what they produce is so rare in its uses, are 
known only within a small circle. Without them, 
however, the world would suffer a distinct loss, for 
their labor is absolutely essential to the carrying out of 
the more pretentious enterprises which come directly 
under general observation. 

THE HONEST TOILERS. 

No words can sufficiently praise the great mass of 
workers in the shops and factories of Jersey City. 
These, after all, are the bone and sinew of any city. 
Without them, Jersey City's progress would have been 
utterly impossible. Their fine devotion, patience and 
energy, their comprehension of the vastness of their 
tasks, their merging of self into their employers' designs 
and enterprises, in fact their utter self-effacement, have 
been the gold and the silver for which no adequate 
exchange can ever be made, try as the generals of 
industry might or as the municipality might desire to 
bestow recognition. 

Nowhere is there a more faithful body of toilers than 
those housed in Jersey City. Though it is undoubtedly 
true the world over that the toiler does not receive 
rewards commensurate with his labors, there is one 
thing that the Jersey City man does receive which is of 
far greater worth, to him at least, than would be some 
things which men receive in cities like New York and 
Chicago, where, even if it be true that in some instances 
they get more money for an hour's work, they lack 
those sane and wholesome provisions for home building 



that are more precious and of more lasting worth than 
a few cents, whose value is not to be compared with 
the enjoyment of the health and privileges of the Jersey 
Citizen. 

The Jersey City man is eminently a domestic animal. 
His fireside is his throne and his home is his palace. 
He lives with his family alone in his house. And his 
house is a house; not a shelf, such as are the flats in 
cities where the tenement is the chief place of residence. 
He owns every board in the dwelling in which he lives, 
whether he be tenant or landlord. No man dare cross 
his threshold against his will. Within his door rule 
sacred rights which the law protects. 

Encouraged by these things, the Jersey City man 
takes time and opportunity to acquaint himself with the 
beautiful. Assisted by his wife and other members of 
his household, who joyfully share his lot in the privacy 
of a real home, he builds himself a garden wherever he 
can. It may not always be in the front of the house, 
but it is somewhere ; the flowers may not always be 
roses, but they are flowers and speak to him of the 
wisdom of the great and good God, whom he worships 
as his heart inclines. 

This is the story of the Jersey City man who toils. 
He is satisfied with his lot, but he does not rest in supine 
or sluggish contentment ; rather, he is quick to improve 
his position and to seize every advantage in his every 
sphere of life. He does it without the blare of trumpets 
and would not change his lot with any man. 

SKILL A PRLME FACTOR. 

Skill is one of the prime factors which make for 
success in the Jersey City workshops. It is the one 
language which all men understand, however diverse 
in nationality they may be. From every land and clime 
the workers have come, but they intermingle and 
maintain their daily intercourse in pleasurable peace 
of mind, because always they can work together, their 
deft hands guiding delicate and immense machines and 
handling thousands of tools in a way that inspires 
confidence and respect toward each other. Many of 
these workers have been the educators of the sons of 
Jersey City, and no one is more quick to accord honor 
to the men who have come across the seas, experts in 
every handicraft, and have taken their positions side by 
side with those who have yet to take up the tasks which 
were to be their life work. 

It is not saying more than the truth to declare that 
Jersey City's workmen are the best in the world. It is 
also true that, apart from anything that might be said to 
the contrary, Jersey City men are among the best paid 
workmen in the world. Then, too, they are thrifty, of 
a high degree of intelligence, and nowhere is there a 
more self-respecting body of men. 

These conditions in the lives of Jersey City's work- 
men have been brought about largely by the fact that 
raw material is very little handled here. It is given its 
first treatment elsewhere, and when it reaches Jersey 
City it is in such shape that it can be almost immediately 
placed into the grip of thousands of machines, to be 
finished then and there into the fine product. It then 
at once finds its way tc the doors of every household in 
America and the rest of the world. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



But this is only one explanation of tlie superior 
character of Jersey City's wori^men. There are many 
others, chief of which, perhaps, are the opportunities 
afforded every resident of this city for spiritual, moral 
and social improvement. On all sides are institutions 
whose educational facilities are at the command of any 
man with any desire to climb. And the Jersey City 
man is a climber. He is never content until he has 
obtained a vision of those things which, though they 
cannot be grasped, are still his if he would have them. 

The Jersey City of yore V;'as a quiet city. No scream 
from the throttle of the railway racer disturbed the peace 
of the citizen living so comfortably on Susse.x Street or 
Grand Street, "over against the river," for there were 
no railroads, and steam was known only in connection 
with the brewing of the then afterward interdicted tea 
or coffee and with the simple household uses of man. 



in two years, and money will be in even more liberal 
supply and at more favorable terms to the borrowers 
this winter and next spring. 

The inactivity in the building trades since 1906 has 
reduced the supply of income producing properties in 
the market and the natur-al growth of the city, which 
will be accelerated by the coining general revival of 
business, will create a deinand for good investment 
property that will pay the shrewd buyer of to-day a 
handsome proHt. 

The next six months will witness a steady improve- 
ment in the market, and before the new year approaches 
the spring season the greatest era in the development 
of the city will be well under way. 

In 1 870, the year that Bergen and Hudson City were 
consolidated with Jersey City, land in Jersey City was 
assessed at an average of $1 16.25 an acre ; within the 




JERSEY CITY HIGH SCHOOL. 



No columns of smoke rose huge and black against 
the clear light of the sky, for the method of using 
anthracite coal as fuel for mills and factories was 
unknown. The ears of the peace-loving Jerseyman 
were not disturbed by the shrieking of whistles as they 
announced the arrival of the inorning or of the noon- 
day or of the evening hour. The craft that floated on 
the broad Hudson, silent witness of the growth of 
Jersey City from its beginning, were devoid of the 
power to shriek the warning note when keel approached 
keel and threatened disaster created consternation. 

A PREDICTION. 

Jersey City is on the eve of the greatest real estate 
movement in its history. Conditions in the money 
market are more favorable to-day than they have been 



last decade land in the same city, without a frontage on 
the Hudson River, has sold for $450,000 an acre. The 
rate of increase in the value of land in Jersey City will 
make it worth almost incredible figures in the next 
twenty-five years, and every possible device to gain 
room and make use of the precious land in lower 
Jersey City will be adopted. 

BUILDING OPERATIONS. 

There is no class of men in mercantile and manu- 
facturing life whose products or wares touch a wider 
circle in the ramifications of trade than the makers of 
builders' supplies and the heads of the great concerns 
that have these things as their staple in domestic com- 
merce. They are in close and intimate touch with the 
architects, the builders and contractors, all of whom 



8 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



are in one immense guild in the visible and tangible 
forces that rear the structures which proclaim the glory 
of a metropolis. 

Jersey City has obtained pre-eminence for its build- 
ers' products, as it has for its varied output of other 
great shops, for this city's skilled artisans produce 
almost every item in the construction and equipment of 
a building, from the massive structural girders that 
form the steel skeleton to the switch that turns on the 
current at the desk in the completed office ; from the 
drain pipe buried far below the sidewalk line to the 
tiling that caps the roof; from balustrade to fire-escape, 
bricks to smokestacks, and paints to decorative paper. 

While this commodities' exchange, filling an almost 
unlimited sphere of business activity, is very often a 
hidden factor in the development of a great city, and not 
in the reckoning of the public which watches the walls 
rise, yet its contribution made to Jersey City fame 
cannot be computed by any system of arithmetic, so 
varied and multifarious has been its operation. 

So, when mention is made of the service performed 
by the engineers, architects and contractors in the 
achieveiTient of the building trades of Jersey City, the 
manufacturers and dealers in builders' supplies must 
be counted in the equation. 

The assertive quality about the Jersey City man 
which insists as far as possible that he will have his 
own building for the manufacture of his product and 
will have a house unshared by another as home for 
himself and family, whether he be rich or of moderate 
means, has been a splendid stimulus to the builder's 
supply trade. It has not only multiplied the number 
of buildings, but has brought into play a vast variety of 
attractive fittings and accessories for the store, the office, 
the factory and the home. 

The sense of the artistic now goes hand in hand with 
utility, and a very large share of the development of 
this feature in modern trade is due to the makers and 
traders in building supplies of Jersey City. 

TUBES AND VIADUCTS. 

Much has been written cF the tubes and viaducts, 
burrowing under the Hudson River to New York or 
soaring overhead in majestic arches of wood and steel. 
There is a new phase of the topic, however, in the story 
of what each of these tunnels, bridges, and subways 
will contribute to the activities of 1959. 

One of the great viaducts will probably be the New 
York and New Jersey bridge across the Hudson River. 
As originally planned, this was to have a span with a 
maximum length of 2,731 feet, and would have cost 
$20,000,000. At first the commissioners from New 
York and New Jersey in charge of the work fixed the 
site of the Manhattan approach at a point midway 
between Forty-ninth and Fifty-first Streets. Later it 
was decided to adopt a site further to the northward. 

The six tubes existing under the Hudson River will, 
however, bear most of the burden of passenger traffic 
in this direction for years to come. Voluminous as the 
accounts of the Pennsylvania and McAdoo tubes have 
been, few Jerseymen have a clear idea of the number 
of persons they will accommodate while planning for 
the new metropolis. 



Some idea of it was found in a report, recently com- 
pleted for the Committee on Congestion of Population, 
showing the number of persons carried last year on the 
ferries to and from Manhattan. The average passenger 
traffic on all the ferries was 601,000 persons a day, 
more than enough to populate a city like St. Louis or 
Boston. Of these, 346,000, or mere than one-half, 
crossed the Hudson River between Nev,' Jersey and New 
York. Were the ferries obsolete for passenger traffic, 
as many believe they will be, this total of 346,000 
would form the basis of the number of people passing 
through the Hudson River tubes every day. 

This, however, is an existing condition. It takes no 
account of future growth. Anticipating the latter, the 
projectors of the Hudson River tunnels have provided 
for nearly double the number of passengers available 
at present. The capacity of the six tubes will be nearly 
700,000 passengers a day. 

The officials of the Pennsylvania Railroad expect to 
carry 200,000 persons a day through its Hudson River 
tunnels between New Jersey and the new Seventh 
Avenue terminal when they are in running order in 
1910. This statement was made by a man who may 
be regarded as an authority in the matter. The average 
would mean 100,000 passengers each way every day. 
This number will not nearly test the capacity of the 
tubes. That, said the expert, would be twice as large, 
or 400,000 passengers a day. 

Disappearing underground by stairways and elevators 
in Jersey City and Hoboken, 239,500 persons living in 
New Jersey may glide under the bed of the Hudson 
River every day and emerT: in Manhattan by the 
McAdoo tunnel system. An official of this system said 
the tunnel would move 1 75,000,000 passengers a year. 
This is a daily average of 479,000 going both ways, or 
239,500 in one direction. About 35 per cent, of these, 
or 103,825 will come by the upper tubes extending 
from Hoboken to the foot of Morton Street, Manhattan. 
The rest, or 135,675, will go through the lower tubes 
extending from Exchange Place in Jersey City to the 
Hudson terminal at Cortlandt and Church Streets. 

ARE./^. 

The area of Jersey City, as computed by the Govern- 
ment as of June 1, 1906, is 13,131 acres, of which 
9,163 acres is land, and 3,968 acres under water. 
Harrison, Dunham and Earle, surveyors, compute the 
area as 16'j square miles or 10,435 acres to the 
exterior line for solid filling, and the data of the Board 
of Street and Water Commissioners of Jersey City 
shows an area of 19.2 squares miles, of which 13 
square miles are upland and 6.2 square miles under 
water. State Geologist John C. Smock computes the 
area of Jersey City at 19. 199 square miles or 12,288 
acres, of v.-hich 5,859 acres are upland, 2,086 acres 
are tide marsh, and 4,343 acres are under water. Of 
the upland he computes that 5,836 acres are cleared 
upland and 23 acres were original forest. 

The city has an approximate wharf frontage on the 
bulkhead line of I 7,400 feet on New York Bay, 10,000 
feet on the Hudson River, 7,300 feet on Newark Bay 
and 19,000 feet on the Hackensack River, a total of 
53,700 feet. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



A FEW FACTS. 

Jersey City is New York's most important suburb 
since the annexation of Brooklyn; the second largest 
city in New Jersey; second in capital invested, total cost 
of material used in manufactures and total value of 
products, and third in number of manufacturing estab- 
lishments, average number of wage-earners and total 
amount paid in wages, and the county seat of Hudson 
County. It occupies about five miles of the Hudson 
River frontage opposite lower New York, Paulus Hook, 
its starting point, being almost opposite the Battery. It 
lies on a peninsula, opposite New York City, between 
the Hudson River and New York Bay on one side and 
the Hackensack River and Newark Bay on the other, 
and is limited on the south by Bayonne, which occupies 



SPECIAL ADVANTAGES. 

The special advantages of Jersey City are proxim- 
ity to and first-class ferry and tunnel communication 
with New York City; railroad communication with all 
parts of the continent, affording a choice of competing 
routes in the shipment and delivery of goods, and posi- 
tion on the Hudson River and New York Bay, offering 
a choice of water comm unications to all parts of the world. 
Internally, the city enjoys the advantage of low rents, 
reasonable taxes, well paved streets, an abundant 
supply of water and a sewer system which effectually 
drains all its sections, first-class school accommodations 
for the children, and an abundant supply of labor, skilled 
in ail the various lines of modern industry. 

The city lies on a flat meadow about a mile wide 



. ->je.v 








NEW HUDSON COUNTY COURT HOUSE. 



the lower end of the peninsula, and on the north by 
Hoboken. It has several ferry lines to different por- 
tions of New York City, many of them being operated 
by the great railroads which have their terminals here : 
all the roads from the South and West : the Pennsyl- 
vania, Erie, Baltimore and Ohio, Lehigh Valley, 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, Susquehanna and 
Western, Central of New Jersey, New Jersey Southern, 
New York and New Jersey, New York and Long 
Branch, New York and Greenwood Lake, Northern 
of New Jersey, and the West Shore of the New 
York Central system. The Morris Canal ends at 
Jersey City. It is also the terminal of several of 
the most important trans-Atlantic and coastwise steam- 
ship lines. 



from the river back to a sharp bluff; the business sec- 
tion occupies the former, the residence district the 
latter, with some very handsome streets of costly 
dwellings. The municipal improvements are of a high 
and thorough grade, its paving, sewerage and water 
supply are unsurpassed and its transportation system 
extends to all points. The city parks are few and very 
small, less than in almost any other large American 
city, but efforts are being made for the establishment of 
inany more. There are nine, with a total area of 39. 1 
acres, as follows: River View, 6.1; Bay View, 6.0; 
Leonard J. Gordon, 5.7; Hainilton, 5.4; Columbia, 
4.8; Mary Benson, 4.2; Lafayette, 4.2; Van Vorst, 
l.S ; and Washington, .9. 
During the months of July and .August of each year, 



10 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



band concerts are held in the city squares oF Jersey 
City, and as high as 12,000 people have assembled at 
a single concert, demonstrating beyond doubt that they 
are appreciated and enjoyed in the highest degree by 
the people. 

WEST SIDE PARK. 

The Hudson County Park Commission, appointed 
by the Court of Common Pleas to establish a system of 
county parks, with a total appropriation For land and 
construction of over $4,500,000 and additional appro- 
priations For mainteranx, has already expended over 
$1,250,000 in buying and improving West Side Park, 
on the western slope oF the Bergen section, the main 
park lying west oF West Side Avenue, between Com- 
munipaw and Duncan Avenues, with a 200-foot wide 
approach From the Hudson Boulevard, at what was 
Formerly Belmont Avenue. The area oF this park is 
about 208 acres ; oF this about 1 1 acres are already 
improved. The improvement oF the meadow portion 
will be commenced as soon as finances will permit. 
On this portion will be constructed the largest play- 
ground in the world, comprising over 69 acres. The 
work oF the Commission deals with the acquisition oF 
land For a general park system in one oF the areas oF 
densest population on the American continent at the 
highest average cost heretoFore made necessary in any 
American community. West Side Park is conceded 
by authorities to be one of the most useful and beautiful 
parks in the United States. 

From the standpoint of convenience and accessibility, 
the new West Side Park cannot be surpassed. The 
surroundings are appropriate, as there are no objec- 
tionable features. The entrance to the park is from 
the Boulevard, at a point where the adjacent improve- 
ments are the best and most expensive in the county. 
Wealth has chosen this immediate section of Bergen as 
its home, and the two avenues which bear the names 
of families that have been Famous in the land history of 
the county, Gilford and Bentley, are criterions oF the 
home section that has gradually moved westward from 
old Jersey City u.itil it is to-day the fashionable resi- 
dential center of the county, while in striking contrast, 
as may be found in all parts of the county, not a stone's 
throw away may be found the homes oF many of the 
poorer classes. 

The views from the approach are as fine as any in 
the county, extending to the Orange Mountains and the 
Ramapo Valley district. The land is undulating and 
healthy, with a gradual slope to the west until the 
meadow is reached at Marcy Avenue. The Jersey City 
Golf Club for some years occupied a part of the prop- 
erty, and erected an attractive club house upon it, while 
its golf links extended to the meadow. The club house 
is now used by the Commission for an administration 
building. Glendale Park, also upon the tract, had been 
noted for years as a resort for picnic parties and pleasure- 
seekers. The owners of all the vacant parcels now 
included in the park site had always permitted people 
and clubs to enjoy the open spaces without charge, and 
it had already become the natural park of Jersey City. 
The tract is partly wooded with a fine growth of large 
oak trees, and part of the area is open space. The soil 



is rich, and was formerly used in part for raising truck 
garden stuff. The territory was partially sewered, and 
some of the streets were improved. 

There are no railroads on the property, and trolley 
lines pass on two sides of it, the West Side Avenue 
line to the east along West Side Avenue, and the 
Newark line to the south along Communipaw Avenue. 
The park is less than two miles from the Pennsylvania 
ferry, and a little over two miles from the centre of 
Hoboken. It is one-half mile from the junction of 
Grand Street and Communipaw Avenue, and one mile 
from the new Court House. 

The increase in the value of the taxable property in 
the vicinity of this park will very nearly pay for its 
improvement. The experience of other cities has shown 
that park improvements, when made on a large scale, 
greatly increase the value oF the surrounding property. 
In the case of Jersey City, the scheme proposed by 
this Commission is reclaiming, beautifying and making 
useful large areas of what is now salt marsh and conse- 
quendy comparatively worthless. The result cannot 
be otherwise than of great advantage to the city and 
county. 

All the land required for this improvement is now in 
the possession of the Commission, and the work of 
construction of the upland portion practically com- 
pleted. The plan for the improvement, as made by 
Landscape Architects Lowrie and Langton, was formally 
approved by the Commission on September 22, 1905. 

The design of the park, both as regards the grading 
of surfaces and the treatment of roads, paths, water and 
other features, may be'divided, in a general way, into a 
formal portion and informal portion, the one grading 
off into the other. The planting scheme has been 
worked out in conformity with this treatment. 

Throughout the formal region the plantations are of 
a more ornate character with a considerable use of 
garden varieties and specimen lawn trees, while beyond 
the Mall where the design is informal, the planting 
material has been arranged in like manner, in groups 
and masses and of native plants or such as harmonize 
well in naturalistic scenery. 

Throughout the whole park, border plantations of 
sufficient heighth and breadth have been supplied to 
effectually screen out when grown the surrounding 
buildings and streets, with the expectation of making 
the enclosed scenery as distinct and unlike ordinary 
city conditions as is possible in so limited an area. By 
this process of producing conditions somewhat like 
those which obtain in the country, it is believed great 
relief will be afforded visitors seeking a change from 
the city sights and sounds. 

Much attention has been given to the devising of 
many long vistas and the maintaining and accentuating 
of such as already exist. Thus, from the plaza region 
the views of the Hackensack, of Laurel Hill and of the 
Orange Mountains will be seen over a strong foreground 
of evergreen foliage. Throughout the length of the 
Mall, and at many important points elsewhere, frequent 
vistas and some broad views have been planned. 

The informal region beyond the Mall has two large 
areas of woodland at the north and south ends respec- 
tively. Some large trees already existed here, and the 
plantation thickens and extends them considerably, and 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



11 



supplies shaded groves where the ground is high 
and the outlooiss attractive over the inclosed open 
meadow-like tract. 

HUDSON BOULEVARD. 

Along the Palisades ridge in the western part of 
Hudson County extends the magnificent Hudson 
Boulevard, nineteen miles long from Bergen Point to 
the Bergen County line, 100 feet wide, the entire 
length of Hudson County, with an easterly extension 
on the Palisades overlooking the Hudson Ri\er and 
upper New York City. This boulevard, which runs 
for about one-third of its entire length through Jersey 
City, is one of the grandest pleasure roads in America. 
By an act of the State Legislature of 1 908 over $900,- 



SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES. 

Jersey City has thirty-one public schools, besides ten 
Roman Catholic parochial schools, and for higher 
education the new public High School, Hasbrouck 
Institute (1S56), St. Peter's (Roman Catholic) College 
(1878), St. Aloysius Academy and the German-Amer- 
ican school. 

The cost of maintenance of the public schools of 
Jersey City for 1906, accordinging to government 
statistics, was $834,5(33, or $3.51 per capita. Of this 
amount $564, 188 or $2.37 per capita was for salaries 
of teachers, $548,141, or 62 cents per capita for all 
other expenses, and $122,230 or 51 cents per capita 
for interest on the value of school buildings, ground 
and equipment. 





edgewood pool, West Side park. 



000 was appropriated for its reconstruction and improve- 
ment. 

PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 

The City Hall, costing, with the site, about $900,000; 
the Free Public Library, costing about $360,000 ; the 
new Court House, costing, with the site, about $900,- 
000; the new City Hospital, costing, with the site, 
about $350,000; the new High School, costing about 
$400,000; the People's Palace, presented to the First 
Congregational Church by Joseph Milbank, and costing 
about $400,000; the Commercial Trust Company 
building, and the Fourth Regiment Armory are among 
the city's most conspicuous buildings. 



President George G. Tennant of the Board of Edu- 
cation reports that Jersey City now has thirty-one 
completed school buildings, with a total valuation of 
school property of $3,524,348.53. There is a staff of 
772 teachers and a total registration of 31,963 pupils. 
The total appropriation for the fiscal year of 1908 for 
school purposes was $1,163,934.45. 

The old academy adjoining St. Mathews Church was 
the first schoolhouse at Paulus Hook. It was in 
modern times used for a city prison. The beginning of 
public schools dated with the year 1834, at which time 
there was but one school for the population of 6,400. 
In 1848 this building was sold and the site of the 
present Public School No. 1 was purchased and a 
school building erected thereon. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



The Public Library has over 100,000 volumes, includ- 
ing a historical museum rich in Colonial documents, 
and exceptionally Kne law and medical departments. 

The total circulation for home reading in 1906 is 
reported at 472,400 columns; the reference use at the 
LiDrary at 59,591. The reading rooms report an 
attendance of 97,767; the reference rooms 214,406. 
There are 325 magazines and newspapers on file. 
The library has fifteen delivery stations throughout 
the city, and 58 per cent, of the circulation in 1906 
was through these stations. The hospitals are the City 
Hospital, St. Francis and Christ. There are several 
homes and asylums and three convents. 

CUSTOMS AND INDUSTRIES. 

The immense commercial and shi;?)ping interests of 
the city, though second only to those of New York, 
have no separate statistics, the customs report being 
included in that of the latter city. Among the leading 
industries are slaughtering and meat packing. Its 
slaughter house product in 1900 amounted to $5,708,- 
763. Its other manufactures are enormous: the total 
amounted in 1 900 to $77,225, 1 1 6. They are exceed- 
ingly varied, no one having a great predominance, 
except tobacco manufacture, over $6,000,000 a year. 
Other important branches of manufacture are iron and 
steel goods, locomotives, boilers, heating apparatus, 
bridges, ships and windmills, planing mill products, 
cars, carriages, boxes, cooperage, brass, copper and 
zinc goods, electrical and scientific instruments, pottery 
and glass, etc. In short, there are upwards of two 
hundred of the leading industries in Jersey City and 
all are prosperous. 

FINANCIAL. 

There are four National banks, nine trust companies, 
three savings banks, and several slate and private 
banks. The condition of these financial institutions 
on January 1, 1907, showed a capital of $3, 100,000, 
surplus and undivided profits of $7,576, 1 13.55 and 
depositsof$61,554,638,201,makinga total of $72,230,- 
751.75. At that time there were thirty-nine building 
and loan associations, with assets of $7, 172,830.82, 
yearly receipts of $5,114,810.75, and 12,436 share- 
holders, of which 2,651 were borrowers. 

WATER SUPPLY. 

The water supply of Jersey City has a capacity of 
50,000,000 gallons daily by gravity, and there was an 
average daily consumption for the year ending 
December 1, 1908, of 38,700,000 gallons, or a daily 
consumption per capita of 154.4 gallons. The last 
report as of December 1, 1908, showed 205 miles or 
1,082,400 lineal feet of mains, 33,420 taps, 2,386 
hydrants, 2,870 water gates, 1,619 meters owned by the 
city and 669 meters owned by consumers. There was 
a range of high pressure of 30.45 pounds to the square 
inch. 

The bonded water debt as of December 1, 1908, was 
$5,310,000, less $525,000 sinking fund charges, which 
are inserted in the tax levy. There are 205 miles of 
water pipe of various sizes, with an estimated value of 



$2,299,941.25. The yearly consumption of water is 
14,027,800,000 gallons. 

Government satistics as of 1906 show that the water 
plant of Jersey City which was completed in 1904 has 
225 miles of mains, that it cost $7,930,870, and has a 
present value of $6,000,000, on which there was in 
1906 a standing indebtedness of $5,555,530. The total 
earnings in 1906 were $1,1 15,884, of which $1,006,426 
were collections for services to the public and $109,458 
allowance for services to the ci y. The cost of opera- 
tion was figured at $971,900. of which $563,900 was 
covered by payments for expenses of water service, 
$288,000 was allowed for interest on the value at the 
time, and $120,000 allowed for depreciation. The 
estimated amount of water taxes was $78,420. The 
excess of the total earnings over the total costs of 
operation was $143,984 and the excess of total earnings 
over the total costs of operation with estimate for taxes 
was $65,564, while the collections for services to the 
public over payments for expenses of water service 
war $442,526. 

POSTAL FACILITIES. 

There were 39,700,000 pieces of mail handled in the 
Jersey City post office in 1906, and 38,870,000 in 1907, 
and the cash receipts were $545,880 in 1906 and $408,- 
000 in 1907. There were 98 clerks, 130 carriers, 24 
substitute carriers and 21 stations. For a city of its 
size, there has never been a proper federal building in 
Jersey City, the present post office being located in the 
former residence of Dudley S. Gregory, the first 
mayor of Jersey City, at the northwest corner of Grand 
and Sussex Streets. Efforts have been made for over 
twenty years to secure a new post office for Jersey 
City, and the Board of Trade has taken a most active 
part in the movement. Principally through their 
efforts there has now been appropriated $400,000 for a 
site and $350,000 for a suitable building to be erected 
thereon. The site has been condemned, and comprises 
a plot 150 X 200 at Montgomery, Washington and York 
Streets and efforts are now being made for more land. 

STREETS AND SEWERS. 

There are 202,641 miles of streets in Jersey City, 
of which 124.85 miles are wholly paved, 2.57 of gran- 
ite, 78.253 of Belgian block, 25.364 of asphalt, 17.74 of 
macadam, .625 of brick and .298 of wooden block. 
There are 25.231 miles partially improved, guttered, 
curbed and flagged, and 52.56 miles wholly unpaved. 
In the repair work on pavements, one block is closed 
at a time. The Fire Department is notified by telephone 
whenever streets are closed for repairs. 

Jersey City has 648,893.47 lineal feet or 122.89 miles 
of sewers, of which 241 .839 lineal feet are vitrified pipe, 
15,496.02 feet are iron pipe, 15,839 feet are steel pipe, 
and 375,719.45 feet are brick. There are about 2,700 
catch basins. 

TROLLEY LINES. 

In 1906 there were sixteen trolley lines in the city, 
with 145.22 miles of track per round trip, and 293 cars 
made an average number of daily trips in 1906 of 2,873, 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



13 



and can led 79,252,475 passengers. This was increased 
in 1907 to a mileage of 145.40 miles of track per round 
trip and 316 cars, which made an average of 3,041 daily 
trips, and carried 84,210,861 passengers. The trolley 
service reaches all parts of the city, with connections to 
all the municipalities of the county, and through line to 
Newark, Elizabeth, New Brunswick, Trenton, and 
Philadelphia. 

CHURCHES. 

There are 122 churches in Jersey City, or one for 
every 2,079 people. The denominations are: Baptist, 
11; Christadelphians, 2; Christian Science, 1; Congre- 
gational, 2; Evangelical Lutheran, 17; Independent, 1; 
Jewish, 3; Methodist Episcopal, 23; Non-Sectarian, 7; 
Presbyterian, 7; United Presbyterian, 3; Protestant 
Episcopal, 12; Reformed, 13; Reformed Episcopal, 1; 
Roman Catholic, 18; Universalist, 1. 



F-or the year of 1907 there were 5,841 regular subscrib- 
er's stations, 996 pay stations, 4, 196,836 local calls and 
1,363, 154 out-of-town calls. 

WEATHHR STATIONS. 

There is no regular station of the United States 
weather bureau at Jersey City, but a climatological 
service station is conducted by Samuel K. Pearson, Jr., 
co-operative observer, at 318 York Street. Observa- 
tions in New York City, however, are fully representa- 
tive of Jersey City. The configuration of the land is 
not sufficient to greatly modify wind conditions, although 
the rocky ridge extending on the westerly side of the 
Hudson River, a continuation of the Palisade forma- 
tion, screens, to some slight e.x'.eni, the mercantile and 
manufacturing sections. 

New York City recorcs show an average wind 
velocity during the recent eleven years of 13.2 miles 




FREE PUBLIC BATHS, JERSEY CITY. 



PUBLIC SERVICE. 

Jersey City is lighted by 2,522 lights, of which there 
are 1,645 electric two thousand candle power arc 
lamps, 497 gas lamps and 3J^0 \X'elsbach oil lamps. 
The annual cost of maintenance of these lights is 
$173,000, and the yearly cost is 575 for each electric 
arc light, $26.50 for each gas lamp and $30 for each 
oil lamp. 

Street lamps were first used in Jersey City in 1843. 
Streets were lighted with gas for the first time December 
4, 1852, and at that time 147 lamps were required. Gas 
was first used to light houses in Jersey City December 
1, 1852. 

The telephone service is excellent. By the report of 
January 1, 1907, there were 5,047 subscribers and 
1, 170 pay stations, and during the year 1906 there were 
5,870,748 local calls and 1,138,208 out-of-town calls. 



per hour. February is the month of the highest veloc- 
ity; during this month average velocities exceeding 20 
miles per hour were experienced in five out of the 
eleven years under consideration. In summer the 
average velocity is below 10 miles an hour. 

From May to October the average is 1 1.4, and from 
November to April it is 15.4. At all periods of the 
year velocities are liable to reach a very high pcint, as 
much as 70 miles per hour and upv.ards being occa- 
sionally recorded. During an average year about 55 
gales with velocities exceeding 40 miles per hour occur, 
about 41 of these being during the winter period and 14 
during the summer period. 

The prevailing direction of the wind is decidedly from 
the northwest, especially during the winter and spring 
months, at which time winds blov/ almost universally 
from that direction. During the summer period they 
incline more toward a westerly direction. 



14 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Topographically, the older portion of the city adjacent 
to the Hudson River is almost flat, with elevations 
ranging only from 10 to 20 feet above mean sea level. 
This section includes by far the greater part of the 
mercantile and manufacturing interests, as well as thickly 
settled residence sections. Proceeding west, from the 
plain along the Hudson River, the ground rises at first 
abruptly and then more gradually to extreme elevations 
of about 100 feet in the southern part of the city, and 
about 180 feet in the northern part. The slope of this 
ridge to the Hackensack Meadows on the west is gentle 
in the southern part, but becomes much more abrupt to 
the north. 

The northwesterly portion, called Jersey City Heights, 
has many steep grades between it and the low lying 
section. These are the worst grades in the city- Sev- 
eral steep grades are found in the northwesterly portions, 
where, however, houses are small and scattered. Some 
of the steeper grades are well paved. The only street 
which the Fire Department reports as having exces- 
sively steep grades is Fairmount Avenue, between 
Summit Avenue and Cornelison Avenue, for a distance 
of two blocks. 

REALTY PER CAPITA. 

The per capita value of real estate in Jersey City is 
not exceeded in the metropolitan district save by the 
Borough of Manhattan and all the boroughs of Greater 
New York. The figures, as compiled by William 
Jeffery, are as follows: 

Greater New York (all boroughs), . First, $1,328 

Jersey City, N. J., . . . Second, 1,066 

Hudson County, N. J., . . . Third, 957 

Borough of Bronx, . . . Fourth, 952 

Borough of Queens, . . . Fifth, 919 

Essex County, N. J., . . . Sixth, 914 

City of Newark, N. J., . . . Seventh, 870 
Five counties N. J. (Metropolitan 

District), Eighth, 863 

Union County, N. J Ninth, 823 

Greater New York (excluding Man- 
hattan Borough), . . . Tenth, 809 
Borough of Brooklyn, . . . Eleventh, 751 
Bergen County, N. J., . . Twelfth, 695 
Passaic County, N. J., . . . Thirteenth, 618 
Borough of Richmond, . . Fourteenth, 614 

POPULATION DENSITY. 

Thepopulation in 1840 was 3,072; 1850,6,856; 1855, 
21,715; 1860,29,226; 1865,37,371; 1870,82,546; 1875, 
109,227; 1880, 120,722; 1885, 153,513; 1890, 163,003, 
1895, 182,713; 1900, 206,433; 1905, 232,699; 1909, 
253,711. Of these (State census, 1905,) 4,176 were 
colored and 65,537 were foreign born; 19,284 Irish, 
16,865 German, 4,407 English, 6,958 Italian, and 18,023 
of other nationalities. Of these, 14,424 were nat- 
uralized. 

Since Jersey City, the largest taxing district in the 
county, has a population of 253,711 and an area of 
12,288 acres, of which 7,945 acres are land, this means 
that there is an average of 20.65 people to every acre, 
and of 31.93 people to every land acre. 



The total population of Manhattan, south of Four- 
teenth Street, in 1905, was 766,905 or 282.2 persons 
per acre, and on the East side, south of Fourteenth 
Street, the proportion was more than three times that 
amount, and the increase in this section has been 
larger than in any other section of Manhattan or the 
Bronx. 

There are to-day nearly 50 people more per acre living 
south of Fourteenth Street and east of Broadway than 
five years ago, and the density of the whole section has 
increased from 382.9 to 432.8 persons per acre. If the 
whole area of Hudson County, which is 38,709 acres, 
were peopled as densely, there would be 16,753,255 
persons within the legal limits of the county, and 
5,318,246 of these would live in Jersey City. 

The area of West Side Park, Jersey City, is 207.823 
acres. People this as densely as Manhattan's lower east 
side and this small remnant of the city would contain 
8,905 people. 

CITY STATISTICS. 

The city has a two-year mayor and a council with 
only one chamber, called the Board of Aldermen; most 
of the other officials are appointed by the mayor, only 
the city clerk being appointed by the aldermen and the 
street and water board elected. The assessed valua- 
tion in 1908 was $232,769,781; the total public debt, 
$24,626,135; the sinking fund, $4,884,799.97. The 
expenditures are about $8,000,000 a year and the 
largest single item is about $1,500,000, for schools. 

STATE CENSUS. 

The State census of 1905 shows that of the 232,699 
people then in Jersey City, 116,471 were males and 
116,228 females; of these, 129,827 were single, 90,545 
were married, 12,239 were widowed and 88 were 
divorced. There were 26,638 dwellings in Jersey City 
and 49,072 families. Of the occupations, there were 
4,919 in the professions, 23, 134 in commercial pursuits, 
34,666 skilled laborers. 20,494 unskilled laborers, 14 
farmers and 13,252 engaged in other occupations. The 
statistics show that 169,203 could read, 169,470 could 
write and 170,960 could speak English. 

CITY OUTLAYS. 

In 1906 Jersey City paid out $807,696 for miscel- 
laneous outlays, of which $137,258 was for health 
conservation and sanitation, or 58 cents per capita ; 
$169,269 was for highways, or 71 cents per capita ; 
$276,660 was for education, or $1.16 per capita; 
$21,037 was for recreation, or 9 cents per capita; 
$30,870 was for public service enterprises, or 13 cents 
per capita, and all other oudays were $172,602, or 
73 cents per capita. 

The receipts from all general revenues in Jersey 
City for 1906 were $3,556,004, or $14.94 per capita. 
Of this amount $2,287,088, or $9.61 per capita was 
for general property taxes ; $340,328, or $1.43 per 
capita was for special property and business taxes ; 
$3,000, or 1 cent per capita was for poll taxes ; $552,- 
974, or $2.32 per capita was for liquor licenses and 
taxes; $55,948, or 24 cents per capita was for all 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



15 



other licenses and permits, and $316,666, or $1.33 per 
capita was for all other general revenues. 

The city government of Jersey City is economical, 
and but little money is spent without adequate return. 

A LITTLE HISTORY. 

The site of Jersey City was used only as farming 
land until the beginning of the nineteenth century, 
despite its remarkable position. In 1802 the entire 
population was thirteen in one house with outbuildings ; 
this was on Paulus Hook, which was named after the 
Dutchman, Michael Pauw, who formerly owned it. 
In 1820 Jersey City was incorporated as the "City of 
Jersey City," with aboard of selectmen, but remained 
a part of the township of Bergen until in 1838 it was 



family, one of whose members, Cornelius, had erected a 
ferry, in 1746, which took passengers from the south- 
ward to New York, and who in 1769 laid out a race- 
course, which lasted as an attraction until the opening 
years of the next century. 

" With the close of the Revolutionary War and the 
resumption of peaceful pursuits, Paulus Hook became an 
important centre of transportation. Hence for Phila- 
delphia went the springless Jersey wagon called the 
'Flying Machine,' on a three days' journey to the 
Quaker City. Then came the 'genteel' stage wagon of 
Sovereign Sybrant, whose house of entertainment was 
near Elizabethtown. This stage, leaving Philadelphia on 
Monday,reached Trenton that day, arriving in Elizabeth- 
town on Tuesday and Paulus Hook on Wednesday. 
Then for short distances stages ran to Hackensack, to 




FOUNTAIN BASIN, WEST SIDE PARK. 



reincorporated as Jersey City, with a mayor and alder- 
men. Repealed anne.xations have brought it to its 
present territory: Van Vorst in 1851 ; Hudson City 
and Bergen in 1869 ; Greenville in 1873. It obtained 
a new charter in 1873. 

Mr. Francis Bazley Lee in his recent work " New 
Jersey as a Colony and as a State ; One of the Original 
Thirteen," reviews the early history of Jersey City 
as follows : 

" It was from the sands and marshes of Paulus Hook, 
but a step south of the tracks which foi-m the eastern 
New Jersey terminal of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
system, that Jersey City rose to greatness. For over 
one hundred years the ditch-pierced meadows and the 
bit of upland tied to the main shore by a long and ill- 
kept road had been in the possession of the Van Vorst 



Morristown, to Paterson, and the New Bridge, while 
according to the late Charles H. Winfield, in his excellent 
monograph on the 'Founding of Jersey City, 'as many 
as twenty stages a day entered and left Paulus Hook. 

"It was in the year 1804 that three movements were 
separately instituted for the development of the shore 
of New Jersey opposite the growing City of New York. 
Shortly after the Revolution John Stevens,with rare 
foresight,had acquired possession of the site of Hoboken 
which, having been cut into lots, was offered for sale in 
New York City during the month of March, 1804. 
This was the new City of Hoboken. Another capi- 
talist, James B. Coles, threw upon the market the 
'Duke's Farm ' at Ahasimus, the title having been 
quieted, — a tract of two hundred and ninety-four blocks. 

"But no location offered so great inducements as did 



ii; 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Paulus Hook. Men saw dimly the great future that lay 
before New York, and the part that the Hudson River 
shore of New Jersey must play in the transshipment of 
passengers and freight. So it was that early in 1804 
Anthony Dey, representative of moneyed interests in 
New York and Newark, negotiated with Cornelius Van 
Vorst for the control of Paulus Hook, the term being ' a 
perpetual annuity of si.x thousand milled dollars, ' 
secured by an irredeemable mortgage. The Van Vorst 
title having been assured by Alexander Hamilton and 
Josiah Ogden Hoffman, for which service these two 
eminent lawyers charged one hundred dollars, the 
property, containing one hundred and seventeen acres, 
was conveyed to Dey upon March 26, 1804. The tract 
was bounded by the Hudson River, by Harsimus Bay, 
by Communipaw Bay, and by a straight line drawn be- 
tween the two bays. On Paulus Hook were but a few 
buildings, the tavern on the corner of Grand and 
Hudson Streets, a nearby oyster house, stables, store 
houses and out-structures. The total resident popula- 
tion was either thirteen or fifteen persons. 

" Thus from such humble beginnings sprung Jersey 
City, but these beginnings were marked by energy and 
a progressive spirit. In an advertisement marked by 
sincerity of purpose, though somewhat favorably 
colored, the capitalists known as the 'proprietors' 
announced that upon May 15, 1804, the sale of lots 
would take place at Paulus Hook, and on the succeeding 
day at the Tontine Coffee House in New York City. 
The plot laid out for prospective purchasers contained 
one thousand three hundred forty-four lots. Upon 
the east side was Hudson Street, underwater, on the 
north Harsimus or First Street, and on the south Mason 
Street, the western boundary being a straight line from 
the intersection of Van Vorst and South Streets to a 
point at the junction of First and Washington Streets. 
Fourteen streets extended east and west through this 
tract, the upland occupying a circle bounded by Mont- 
gomery and Essex Streets. 

"By April 20 various conveyances had lodged Dey's 
interests in the hands of the proprietors, who were now 
confronted with two serious questions — satisfying pur- 
chasers as to the Van Vorst mortgage, and meeting the 
old-time contention on the part of the New York author- 
ities that the corporation of the City of New York had 
jurisdiction over and ownership of lands under the 
Hudson westward to low water mark on the shore of 
New Jersey. Under such a claim any hope of making 
the new town a great commercial centre would vanish, 
and as Mr. Winfield has suggested, Paulus Hook might 
as well have remained a cabbage garden. Advised by 
their council that the City of New York had no such 
rights, the proprietors, however, were confronted with 
the opinions of later United States District Court Judge 
Robert Troup, of New York, and Recorder Richard 
Harison, of New York City, who held that the land in 
question belonged, under the charter of Charles II to 
James, Duke of York, to the State of New York, and 
was not comprehended in the grant from James, Duke 
of York, to Carteret and Berkeley, Lords Proprietors 
of New Jersey. It was further asserted that jurisdiction 
over the land rested in the corporation of New York 
City by reason of the terms of the boundaries of New 
York City and County. From this reasoning the con- 



clusion was drawn that all wharves built at Paulus Hook 
were unlawfully constructed unless built under the 
direction of the New York City authorities. 

"It was then that the sale of Paulus Hook lots was 
adjourned until the 14th of June, which was a race day. 
'Inclemency of the weather' was the reason given by 
the proprietors, but the true cause was to be found in 
the opinions given by Troup and Harison. Suddenly 
the common council of New York City, in a resolution 
wherein that body assured the proprietors that it enter- 
tained no sentiments hostile to their interests, offered 
every facility to promote the settlement of Paulus Hook. 
This resolution of June 26th gave as a reason for such 
action that the improvements ' would greatly tend to the 
convenience of the inhabitants of this city in case of the 
return of the epidemic' (smallpox). 

' ' The objections on the part of New York City having 
been withdrawn, certain 'Articles of Association' bear- 
ing date October 1 1 , 1804, were entered into between 
the original proprietors and certain associates, while 
upon the 10th of November of the same year these capi- 
talists were incorporated by the Legislature of New 
Jersey under a statute which had been drawn by Alex- 
ander Hamilton, entitled 'An Act to incorporate the 
Associates of the Jersey Company.' Confined in its 
operations to the limit of the Van Vorst tract, the cor- 
poration was vested with broad powers. It could lay 
out streets, establish grades, and improve the water front 
by the erection of docks, piers, wharves, and store houses, 
making all necessary by-laws, orders and regulations. 
Breaches committed against such by-laws, orders, and 
regulations subjected offenders to a penalty not ex- 
ceeding twenty-five dollars. The charter vested abutting 
lands under water in the Associates, who were auth- 
orized to erect such structures as might be necessary 
for the purposes of commerce. Nine of the Associates 
were selected under the provisions of the act as trustees, 
the board being organized upon December 24, 1804, in 
Joseph Lyon's tavern 'at Jersey,' while the clerk of 
Bergen County was directed to appoint a deputy for the 
' Island of Harsimus,' whose duty it was to record all 
papers relating to real estate transactions. 

"In the founding of Jersey City the names of the 
Associates make a notable list. Among them were 
Richard Varick, president of the board of trustees, who 
died in Jersey City in 1831, and had been attorney- 
general of New York State. There was Mayor Jacob 
Radcliffe, of New York City; Anthony Dey, of the 
Preakness family; and Joseph Bloomfield, then gov- 
ernor of New Jersey. Other distinguished Jerseymen 
interested in the project were General John Noble 
Camming, of Newark; Alexander C. McWhorter, of 
the Essex County family; Elisha Boudinot, associate 
justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey; Jonathan 
Rhea, clerk of the New Jersey Supreme Court; Gov- 
ernors William S. Pennington and Isaac H. Williamson; 
William Halsey, first mayor of Newark; together with 
merchants of the first standing in New York City. 

"To those who would erect houses in 'Jersey,' 
special inducements were offered by the gift of lots pro- 
portioned to the value of the residences. Robert 
Fulton was urged to take a block of ground for the 
'safe keeping and repairing' of his steam vessels, a 
hotel was projected in 1805, known later as the Hudson 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



17 



House, while provisions were made for Ihe pianiing of 
shade trees. The Associates reserved land For a 
school, churches, public market and a shipyard, while a 
bounty was offered to those who dug wells, seeking 
pure water. Near the corner of Mudson and Essex 
Streets a distillery was erected, a steam sawmill and 
gristmill were projected, and in 1816 'Prospect Point,' 
the mansion of Richard Varick on Esse.x Street, was 
one of the most elegant of its kind between the Stevens 
property and Bergen Point. 

"But the project at Paulus Hook, so auspiciously 
begun, was doomed to dark days. Robert Fulton lost 
money upon his lot speculation, dying in 1815; the 
York and Jersey Steamboat Company, established in 
1810, ultimately failed, and in the year 1834 there were 



The elements which retarded the growth of the basic 
community underlying Jersey City were, according to 
Charles H. WinHeld, threefold. One was the constant 
assertion on the part of the New York State authorities 
of their right of jurisdiction, ownership, and control 
over riparian lands on the New Jersey shore. This 
was not overcome until the New York-New Jersey 
boundary was settled by agreement in 1834. Then many 
of the lots had been sold subject to a ground rent and 
to the irredeemable Van Vorst mortgage. This cloud 
upon the title was cleared in 1824, when Richard Varick 
purchased the mortgage permitcing the lots to be sold in 
fee simple. Lastly, while the Associates were not only 
a land company, but a municipal corporation, every in- 
habitant of the Paulus Hook tract who was not a share- 




PUBLIC SCHOOL No. 11, BERGEN SQUARE. 



upon the Paulus Hook tract but fifteen hundred persons 
and one hundred and seventy houses. With the de- 
cline of influence of the Associates, and the evidence of 
their poverty, lawlessness reigned. Prize fighting, bull 
baiting and dog fighting were common amusements, 
with drunkenness and gambling. The Legislature in 
1813 and in 1817 was deaf to the petitions of the better 
class of citizens that a proper police regulate the affairs 
of the City, and it was not until 1835 that a place of 
confinement for disorderly persons was selected. This 
was the school house near Saint Matthew's Church, and 
which for a long time was city hall, jail and police head- 
quarters. 



holder was subjected to the rules, regulations made, and 
penalties imposed by the trustees. In a small way it 
was the old story of 'taxation without representation.' 
"The time for change was ripe. The Legislature had 
provided that the law-making body ultimately should 
'institute a more adequate and complete corporation' 
for the mere purpose of municipal government. It was 
upon January 28, 1820, that "An Act to incorporate the 
City of Jer.sey in the County of Bergen " was passed, 
but in the body of the act the municipality was called 
'Jersey City' a somewhat indefinite designation. The 
statute provided that the ' freeholders and other taxable ' 
inhabitants should annually choose five members of the 



1R 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



'Board of Selectmen of Jersey City,' which board 
had jurisdiction over streets, public grounds, public 
markets, weights and measures, firewood, bread, errant 
animals, night watch, fire engines, engine houses, and 
the ' public peace and tranquility ' of the corporation. 
But the good designed was rendered almost nugatory 
by provisions regarding the autocratic imposition of 
taxes and the confirmation of all the powers or rights 
granted to the Jersey Associates. 

"In the year 1825 the princely sum of one hundred 
dollars was assessed against the inhabitants of Jersey 
City, of which amount an investigation committee, in 
1828, reported that thirty-nine dollars and eighty-seven 
cents had been collected, into such deplorable straits of 
economy had the young city gone. For twelve dollars 
a year a tavern-keeper agreed to furnish a room, fire, 
lights, pen, ink and paper for the twelve meetings of 
the selectmen and for a board that had nothing to do, 
when the unsalaried members fined them for non- 
attendance. 

"The streets of the town were unkempt; pigs, sheep 
and ducks roamed at will; Hudson Street was not filled 
in; there was, in 1828, a licensed place for the sale of 
liquor to every fifty-nine inhabitants; the selectmen 
were at odds with the Associates, and had it not been for 
a new charter, secured January 23, 1829, the little town 
by the Hudson would have been in a sorry plight. 
Under this charter the number of selectmen was in- 
creased to seven and their powers increased. Private 
enterprise had brought new industries to the town. In 
1824 a glass factory had been built, followed the next 
year by a pottery. There were two sandpaper factories, 
a windmill, and three smithies, while by 1834 the New 
Jersey Railroad ran its passenger car 'Washington', 
with its three compartments and seats on top, from 
Jersey City to Newark. ' Fleet and gentle horses ' 
drew the three cars of the Paterson and Hudson River 
Railroad Company, the steamboat ' Washington ' ran 
half-hourly trips until midnight between Jersey City and 
New York after June 8, 1835, while in 1836 the Morris 
Canal was completed. But the incubus of the poverty 
of the Associates had fastened itself upon the town. 

"In 1838 Jersey City, with a mayor and common 
conncil, was incorporated, and thence until the abolish- 
ment of special legislation, in the year 1875, the charter 
underwent ninety-one revisions and amendments. 

" Since 1840, when the first federal census of Jersey 
City was taken, until 1900, the city has grown from 
three thousand to two hundred thousand. Most 
marvelous was the increase between 1850 and 1860, 
when the city leaped from seven thousand to twenty-nine 
thousand, an increase of three hundred and twenty-six 
per cent. From I860 to 1870 the increase was one 
hundred and eighty-two per cent; from 1870 to 1880 
forty-six per cent; from 1880 to 1890 thirty-five percent; 
from 1890 to 1900 twenty-six per cent. 

" The old township of Bergen, the bounds whereof 
were first definitely established in 1693, comprised that 
portion of Hudson County lying east of the Hackensack 
River. From this ancient tract Jersey City was first 
carved in 1820. Thence until the outbreak of the Civil 
War the changes were comparatively few. Van Vorst 
and Hoboken Townships, now absorbed, appeared 
respectively in 1841 and 1849, North Bergen Township 



in 1843, Hudson Township in 1852 and Weehawken 
Township in 1859. Harrison Township, taken from a 
part of Lodi Township in Bergen County, was created 
in 1840. In 1855 the City of Hoboken was chartered. 
" During the progress of the Civil War the increasing 
demands of population caused a notable sub-division of 
territory. In 1861 both Bayonne and Union Townships 
were organized, and Greenville Township in 1863. 
During the same period the town of West Hoboken was 
chartered in 1861, and the town of Union in 1864, while 
in the period of expansion following the war Kearny 
Township was erected in 1867 and the City of Bayonne 
in 1869. Not until 1878 were there further changes, 
when the township of Guttenberg was formed. In 1898 
the further development of Hudson County led to the 
organization of the town of Kearny from the town- 
ship of the same name. During the same year the 
town of West New York came into existence, as did 
the borough of East Newark. In 1900 appeared the 
borough of Secaucus. 

"Of the cities of Hudson County, exclusive of 
Jersey City, Hoboken's census was first taken by 
the United States government in 1850, when the city 
was credited with twenty-six hundred inhabitants. 
In ten years this had risen to nine thousand six 
hundred, an increase of two hundred and sixty- 
two per cent., the largest percentage gain ever made 
by any city in New Jersey during eighty years, except 
by Jersey City in the same decade and by Adantic 
City of four hundred and twenty five per cent, between 
1870 and 1880. In 1870 Hoboken was credited with 
a population of twenty thousand, an increase of one 
hundred and eighty two per cent. In 1880 there were 
thirty-one thousand inhabitants of the city, in 1890 
forty-three thousand six hundred, in 1900 sixty thou- 
sand. 

" Bayonne's inhabitants were first recorded in the 
federal census in 1870, when the town had about four 
thousand people. This in 1880 was increased to nine 
thousand, in 1890 to nineteen thousand, in 1900 to thirty- 
three thousand. In no decade was this increase less 
than seventy-two per cent. 

"Accompanying this notable increase during the 
decade from 1890 to 1900 the town of West Hoboken 
has grown from eleven thousand seven hundred to 
twenty-three thousand, the town of Union from ten 
thousand six hundred to fifteen thousand, and Gutten- 
berg from two thousand to four thousand, an increase 
in every case of practically 100 per cent., except in 
the instance of the town of Union." 

BOARD OF TR.^DE. 

The Board of Trade of Jersey City is now the 
oldest commercial body in Jersey City, and in point of 
influence is second to none. Its general objects are 
the promotion of the trade of the city, giving proper 
direction to commercial movements, the improvement 
of facilities for transportation and the use of all proper 
measures to advance the interests of the business 
community. In national matters it has steadily advo- 
cated those sound principles of governmental policy 
and finance which have been the means of advancing 
the interest of the country. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



19 



The Board of Trade of Jersey City may be said to 
have been brought into being at a pubHc meeting of 
the business men, which was held at 43 Montgomery 
Street on March 14, 1888 at the call of a committee 
consisting of G. W. Clerihew, C. C. Van Anglen, J. 
W. Knause, George Hawes and H. M. Doane, 
who had been appointed by the Merchant's Protective 
Association for such purpose. Mayor Orestes Cleveland 
was the chairman of the meeting, and speeches were 
made by Dr. Leonard J. Gordon, Jacob Ringle, Emil 
E. Datz and F. G. Wolbert, all of whom advised the 
formation of a civic body of that kind. 

As a result of the meeting, the board was permanently 
organized on April 25, 1888, and a membership roll 
presented, which was signed by T. C. Brown & 
Van Anglen, George L. Bettcher, Orestes Cleveland, 
G. W. Clerihew, Charles M. Clerihew, Patrick J. 
Condon, Humphrey W. Carr, Carscallen & Cassidy, 
^'illiam E. Drake, '\X'illiam Dohrmann, John Edelstein, 
Emmons & Co., the Evening Journal Association, 
the Eagle Printing Co., C. P. Friend & Co., Charles 
S. Furst, Frank Gallery, Thomas M. Gopsill, Leonard 
J. Gordon, F. M. Hayes, Thomas Hill, Patrick H. 
Hanley, Hoos & Schultz, James Hunt, H. A. Kelly, 
Enoch Kessler, P. Lorillard &Co., David W. Lawrence, 
George R. Le Blanc, James C. Lindsay, James Leo, 
Hugh Leslie, Gustav E. Metzler, Marshall & Ball Co., 
John McAuliffe, John McCarthy & Bro., F. O. 
Matthiesen, McMenamin & Adams, D. E. Olmstead & 
Co., Jacob Ringle & Son, Freeman A. Smith, Simeon 
H. Smith, Frank Stevens, the Standard Wood Turning 
Co., Theodore Summerfield, Turner & Bennell, George 
E. Watson, F. G. Wolbert, E. R. Wessels and Lewis E. 
Wood. 

Of these fifty charter members, but eight are 
now members of the board : Carscallen & Cassidy, the 
Evening Journal Association (now represented by 
Walter M. Dear, vice-president), Thomas Hill, P. 
Lorillard & Co., (now represented by Thomas J. 
Maloney, president), David W. Lawrence, James Leo, 
Jacob Ringle & Son and Frank Stevens. 

An election was held that evening, and the first officers 
of the board were Orestes Cleveland, president; Jacob 
Ringle, first vice-president; Joseph A. Dear, second 
vice-president; Frank Stevens, treasurer and F. M. 
Hayes, secretary. Having no permanent quarters, 
the Board of Aldermen granted the new body the use 
of the Aldermanic Chamber in the old City Hall for 
the regular meetings, and Mayor Cleveland allowed 
the directors to use the annex to his office for their 
sessions. 

The board, increased by eleven members in May, 
began active work. Mr. Clerihew proposed that a 
pamphlet be published setting forth the advantages of 
Jersey City as a location for business houses, and it 
was so ordered. Mr. Wessels stated that Knox, the 
hatter, was looking for a suitable site to locate a large 
factory, and the President was authorized to appoint 
an outlook committee to influence him or any other 
large manufacturer to come to Jersey City. Mr. Ringle 
proposed that a memorial be sent by the board to the 
authorities at Washington for the erection of a new 
post office commensurate to Jersey City's population 
and in a more convenient location for business 



purposes, and thus was started the agitation that has 
continued to this day, and finally terminated in ap- 
propriations of $750,000 for suitable land and building, 
and the selection of a desirable site. 

The first report of the treasurer, in January, 1889, 
showed total receipts of $780 and expenditures of 
$155.60, and the first year closed with a membership 
of 1 13. In March, 1889, the board moved to quarters 
over the Second National Bank, and in March, 1893, to 
the basement of the same building, and this was 
retained until December 1906, when the present rooms 
in the Hudson County National Bank building were 
secured. 

A compilation of the minutes of the Board shows 
actions as follows : 

September, 1888: Private subscriptions of $1,056.43 
raised for the Jacksonville yellow fever sufferers. 

January, 1889: Protest against purchase of water 
supply from theMontclair Water Co. 

Request that streets be lighted every night. 

March 12, 1889: First annual banquet, at Taylor's 
Hotel. 

May, 1889 ; Request that one of the county parks be 
located in Jersey City. 

June, 1889: Request for belt freight railroad to 
connect with all truck lines, with switches to factories. 

Request that Secretary of War remove powder 
magazine from Ellis Island. 

Request for information as to probable route of pro- 
posed Hudson Boulevard. 

October, 1889 : Request that County Park Commis- 
sion favor small parks. 

February 5, 1890: Second annual banquet, at 
Taylor's Hotel. 

March, 1890: Request for passenger stations on the 
Pennsylvania R. R. at Jersey Ave. and Baldwin Ave. 
and on the Central elevated road at Jersey Ave. 

May, 1890: Private subscription of $216.25 for 
sufferers from Morris Street fire. 

September, 1890: Incorporation of board. 

Request for a supply of pure and wholesome water. 

December, 1890: Request that Jersey City and 
Bergen Railroad Co. adopt electric or other improved 
system. 

January, 1891: Protest against free coinage. 

Plea for more rapid street car transit. 

February, 1891 : Request that Board of Freeholders 
issue bonds for county parks. 

February, 5, 1891 : Third annual banquet, at Taylor's 
Hotel. 

September 1891 : Request for pure supply of potable 
water, with option to buy plant. 

Statement by Superintendent Sayre of Jersey City 
& Bergen Railroad Co. that they were prepared to use 
electric motors on Montgomery Street line as soon as 
city authorities withdrew opposition. 

December, 1891 : Vote of thanks to Streetand Water 
Commissioners for placing street lamps, with street 
names thereon, on street corners. 

January, 1892 : Request that Jersey City be made 
a port of entry. 

February, 1892 : Request for fire patrol. 

May, 1892: Protest against proposed site of City 
Hall, and recommendation of present site. 



20 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



December, 1892: Protest against bid of Moffit, 
Hodgi^^ins & Clark Co. for water supply. 

January, 1893: Protest against proposition of Jersey 
City Construction Co. for water supply. 

February, 1893: Request for elevation of Erie Rail- 
road tracks. 

February 2, 1893 : Fifth annual banquet. 

March, 1893: Request that street railroads pay five 
per cent, on their gross earnings. 

February, 1894 : Appropriation of $500 for the poor 
of Jersey City. 

May, 1894: Private subscriptions of $315 for same 
purpose. 

September, 1894: Recommendation of asphalt pave- 
ment. 

April, 1895: Request that proposals of East Jersey 
Water Co. and Jersey City Water Co. for water supply 
be rejected, and that city build its own works. 

September, 1895 : John J. Voorhees, Leonard J. 
Gordon, Robert A. Simpson and Myron J. Furst 
appointed a committee to institute legal proceedings and 
secure a judicial review of award of water contract to 
Jersey City Water Co. Allan L. McDermott appointed 
counsel. 

February, 1896: Endorsement of Thirteenth Street 
viaduct. 

Request for sidewalks on the Boulevard. 

January, 1897: Protest against Mayor's signature to 
East Jersey water contract. 

January 28, 1897: Ninth annual banquet. 

April, 1897: Mayor refuses to sign water contract. 

May, 1897: Reception to representatives of South 
American industries. 

April, 1898: Favors Spanish-American war, if 
necessary. 

Favors passage of County Park act. 

September, 1898: Request for " Dollar gas." 

December, 1898: Endorsement of P. H. Flynn water 
contract, if sanctioned by Board of Finance. 

February 11, 1898 : Tenth annual banquet. Admiral 
Sampson, guest of honor. 

June, 1899 : Favors consolidation of Hudson County 
municipalities, provided they be divided into taxing 
districts, each to have its own debt and local assess- 
ments. 

January 25, 1900: Twelfth annual banquet. 

May, 1900 : Favors appropriation of $30,000 for 
purchase of Mary Benson Park. 

September, 1900 : Board subscription of $50 for re- 
lief of Galveston flood sufferers. 

October, 1900 : Favors docks at foot of Duncan 
Avenue and improvement of South Cove. 

January 30, 1902 : Fourteenth annual banquet. 

May, 1902 : Adoption of new by-laws. 

September, 1902 : Favors referendum of County 
Park act. 

November, 1902 : Review in court to compel Judge 
Blair to appoint County Park Commission. 

March, 1904 : Introduction of bill for the widening of 
Montgomery Street. 

April, 1904 : Montgomery Street widening bill passed. 

September, 1905: Appropriation of $500 for agitation 
for Equal Taxation. 

January 26, 1905 : Seventeenth annual banquet. 



February, 1905 : Favors improvement of Newark 
Avenue. 

March, 1905 : Request to Legislature to proceed 
against the Morris Canal & Banking Co. for forfeiture 
of its charter on the ground of non-usage. 

April, 1905: Favors widening of Montgomery Street 
on the north side to a width of 90 feet, from Hudson to 
Henderson Street. 

September 18, 1906 : Board of Trade Home Fund 
established by appropriation of $2,000. 

Endorsement of publication of JERSEY ClTY OF TO- 
DAY. 

November, 1906 : Endorsement of post office site 
bounded by Henderson, Mercer, Wayne and Grove 
Streets. 

December, 1906 : Endorsement of action of committee 
in renting new rooms. 

Report of Expert William H. Park on Jersey City 
water supply. 

Favors lighting Hudson Boulevard by private 
contract. 

Endorses plans of Interstate Bridge Commission. 

February, 1907: Action to remove pollution of 
water supply. 

November, 1907: Favors metering of city water. 

December, 1907 : Introduces bill for publication of tax 
lists. Passed. 

April, 1908 : Advocates five cent fare to New York 
City by Hudson tunnel. 

April, 1909: Appropriates $100 for Memorial Day 
celebration. 

June, 1909 : Appropriates $500 for Tunnel Day 
celebration. 

These are but a few of the notable milestones that 
mark the pathway of the Board of Trade of Jersey 
City. Always a notable factor of the city's progress, 
during the past two or three years the board has taken 
a sudden bound to the front, and the people of Jersey 
City have noticed a wonderful change. There seems 
to have been a new spirit injected that has aroused 
every member to activity, and the result is that the 
meetings of the executive committee, the board of 
directors and the full board are watched as eagerly as 
are the councils of the municipal authorities, for the 
people are beginning to learn that the action of this 
open forum, in most cases, prophesies the action of the 
municipal authorities. 

The rulings of the Board of Trade are to-day as 
important to the people of Jersey City as are the rulings 
of any municipal body, for they know full well that the 
city authorities, who are but the servants of the people, 
will not dare to defy the will of the people themselves, 
as expressed by them in their open forum, the Board 
of Trade. Corporations or private interests which are 
hurt by these rulings may retort with cries that the 
board is driving away large industries or making itself 
ridiculous by interfering, or other equally strong argu- 
ments, but these in no way affect the Board of Trade, 
which continues steadily in its work, with the one aim 
to protect Jersey City and its residents and manufact- 
urers in a body, so that twenty years hence those who 
live to see the results will applaud the honest efforts that 
the board made despite the private opposition, and render 
to it thanks for the good results that it has obtained. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



21 



There have been many notable times in the past two 
or tliree years when these conditions iiave arisen, and 
when a weatcer body would have iiesitated to attack so 
powerful forces as then threatened to serve their private 
interests at the expense of Jersey City. At none of 
these times, however, did the Board of Trade have 
the slightest doubt as to what course to pursue in the 
matter. If a man or firm or corporation desired to do 
something for the benefit of Jersey City, the Board of 
Trade was ready to assist with all the power at its com- 
mand, and to hold up the hands of the petitioner, be he 
member or stranger, but by the same token the interest 
that threatened to serve its own ends at the e.xpense of 
Jersey City found that the Board of Trade was banded 
against it to fight the project, with no surrender until 
it was settled once and for all. 

Here, again, it made no difference whether the inter- 



authorities recognize that it is useless to even consider 
the approval of any j^rant or privilege that migiit be in 
way detrimental to Jersey City without arousing the 
wrath of the Board of Trade, and the result is that no 
question or request of importance is now considered 
by them until they first ask, "What does the Board of 
Trade think about it?" 

But this is not the only province of the Board of 
Trade. It is a federation of commercial and professional 
men that likewise assures to them a protection that they 
could not otherwise secure, and it has social features 
that are to be found in no other similar federation in 
Jersey City. Its meetings are looked forward to by 
the leading men of the city with interest and anticipa- 
tion, and its annual banquets are the event of the year. 

Probably the greatest victory that the board has ever 
won was the securing of the post-office site and the 




AN IDE.AL RO.AD^X'AY IN WEST SIDE P.ARK. 



est was a member of the board or whether it did not 
enjoy that privilege, for no interest that seeks to earn 
personal reward at the expense of Jersey City can 
expect to hide its purpose beneath the cloak of a Board 
of Trade membership. The board has but one policy, 
" Do it for Jersey City," and that policy is its platform 
and its creed. 

This firm stand, which has been so ably taken and 
strictly adhered to during the past two or three years, 
has made the rulings of the Board of Trade so import- 
ant that in many cases the real fight has been conducted 
before the board prior to any action by the municipal 
authorities. In all of these cases the judgment of the 
Board of Trade has been confirmed, and the decision 
redounded to the credit of Jersey City. The municipal 



appropriation with which to construct a federal building 
thereon at Montgomery, Washington and York Streets. 
For the twenty-one years of its existence the board 
fought hard and earnestly to secure this long-needed 
improvement, and it was only by reason of its persist- 
ent efforts that the United States government was made 
aware of the great needs of the growing city and finally 
acceded to its request. 

In 1903, when under the authority of an adverse 
decision, Judge Blair recognized the extraordinary 
powers of the Hudson County Park Commission and 
the large amount of money to be raised at their demands 
by the issue of county bonds, and fearing that any 
question of the unconstitutionality of the statute would 
seriously interfere with the marketability of such bonds. 



22 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



declined to appoint commissioners, it was tiie Board of 
Trade that came to tiie rescue, not alone of Jersey City 
but this time of the whole county, and in the name of 
some of its leading members applied to the Supreme 
Court of the state for a peremptory writ of mandamus, 
which was issued as prayed for, so that it may be said 
to-day that West Side Park, which has become the 
source of admiration from lovers of civic beauty in all 
parts of the county, is directly due to the efforts of the 
Board of Trade of Jersey City 

The subject of equal taxation is one which has 
engaged the attention of the board during the entire 
course of its existence. Realizing the injustice that has 
been done Jersey City by the inequality of the assess- 
ment of its railroad property as compared with private 
holdings, it has fought many battles at Trenton, pitted, 
as it was, against the most powerful moneyed interests, 
with the highest paid legal and expert service at their 
command, and has fought them fearlessly and justly, 
with Jersey City ever in mind and her best interests 
ever at heart. The result is that a commission has now 
been appointed by Governor Fort to re-value the railroad 
and canal properties of New Jersey, in which commis- 
sion an officer of the Board of Trade is a valued 
member, and the indications are that, thanks to the 
Board of Trade, Jersey City will at last be justly treated 
in the matter of equal taxation. 

For the first time in the history of Jersey City there 
has been published by the city a printed copy of the tax 
assessment lists. This is purely a project of the Board 
of Trade which has now made it possible for everyone, 
from the greatest millionaire to the lowliest artisan to 
learn just what is the assessment of any piece of property 
that is contained in the two thousand blocks that com- 
prise the city. To make this possible it was necessary 
for the board to introduce an act in the State Legisla- 
ture, which was passed after much opposition, and the 
Board of Finance authorized to issue the publication. 

The Shade Tree Cominission, which was appointed 
a few years ago, was also due to the efforts of the 
Board of Trade, and as a result Jersey City is rapidly 
being improved by the expert planting, care and main- 
tenance of thousands of shade trees along its thorough- 
fares. 

When the opening of the McAdoo tunnel under the 
Hudson River between New York City and Jersey City 
became a rapidly approaching reality, it was the Board 
of Trade that was selected by the Chief Executive of 
the city as the proper body to prepare the celebration 
to commemorate the important event. The Committee 
of Thirty which was appointed by Mayor Wittpenn 
were all members of the board, and under their man- 
agement was arranged a celebration that surpassed any 
carnival ever held in the Garden state of New Jersey, 
and will go down into history as one of the greatest 
celebrations of the twentieth century, involving the 
expenditure of many thousands of dollars, of which a 
liberal amount was appropriated by the city itself. 

And so it goes. It is always the Board of Trade that 
is consulted first, for its conservative but liberal views 
have proved themselves of great value, and it has 
become a mentor whose decision is practically final. 
No man, firm or corporation can afford not to be a 
member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. It has 



never hesitated in the right, and it holds a position that 
but few quasi-public bodies have ever attained. 

SOME INTERESTING FACTS. 

Early in March, 1909, Mayor Wittpenn appointed 
Hugh Roberts, chairman of the board of directors of 
the Board of Trade of Jersey City and president of the 
New Jersey Chapter of the American Institute of 
Architects, and the writer, a committee of two to pre- 
pare an exhibit for Jersey City for the first annual 
exhibit of the New York Society of Congestion of 
Population in conjunction with the Municipal Art Society 
of New York, which was held during May in the Sixty- 
ninth Regiment Armory, New York City. 

They were instructed to secure such data concerning 
the growth of the city and the congestion of its popu- 
lation as had never before been compiled, and were 
tendered the free use of all the city departments' clerks, 
if necessary, for the preparation of their statistics. The 
search revealed many facts that were of deep interest, 
not only from the fact that they had never before been 
collated but also because they brought to light condi- 
tions that were hitherto unknown, and the exhibit 
created considerable of a sensation in Manhattan, where 
it was studied by civic experts from all parts of the 
country, who formed a very different view of Jersey 
City from that which they had had before after a careful 
inspection of the maps, statistics and photographs. 
The exhibit was then taken to Washington, and attracted 
much attention at the National capital, and is now in 
the possession of Jersey City, and may be seen by any 
interested persons upon application. 

Many of the facts which the search revealed will be 
of interest to the readers of this volume. Strange as it 
may seem, the area of the twelve wards of the city had 
never been computed until that time, and a table was 
prepared, and shown by a map, giving the area of the 
wards to the bulkhead line, with the population esti- 
iTiated by wards and the average number of persons 
per acre in each ward. In all the tables the area of the 
city has been placed at 10,435 acres, which is the com- 
putation of Civil Engineers Harrison, Dunham & Earle, 
and differs slightly from other authorities, and the 
population is estimated for the year 1908 at 248,500. 
The table is as follows: 

Ward. Area in Aci'es. Population. Density of Pop. 

1 460 22,850 50 

2 460 21,640 47 

3 180 19,250 107 

4 225 15,620 69 

5 205 17,620 86 

6 1,140 18,100 16 

7 3,135 18,200 6 

8 1,060 25,360 24 

9 870 18,650 21 

10 1,025 18,750 18 

11 480 27,360 57 

12 1,195 25,100 21 



Total, 10,435 248,500 24 

An interesting feature of the exhibit was a map 

showing that the principal factory sections of Jersey 

City are located adjacent to the railroads and do not 

depend, to any great extent, upon water connections. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



r.i 



Jersey City has not as yet developed any pronounced 
warehouse district, although there is an excellent oppor- 
tunity to do so on a gigantic scale on the large undevel- 
oped tracts of land under water in New York Bay, 
where the land is cheap, and the opportunities for idea! 
development unlimited. 

The trade districts of the city are many and diversified 
and widely separated. This is due to the areas incor- 
porated at different times, notably Bergen, Greenville 
and Hudson City, having each its own trading districts. 
The principal trading district is on Newark Avenue, 
from Warren Street to Jersey Avenue, the highest 
property values being in this district, property recently 
selling there as high as $3,000 a front foot. 

The same condition as to diversities of locality is also 
true of the residential districts. The district where the 
highest property values prevail, however, is in the 
vicinity of the Hudson Boulevard and the new West 
Side Park, although there are many other desirable 
residential localities in other portions of the city. 

The tenement sections are mostly in the lower portion 
of the city and adjacent to the factory and trade sec- 
tions, although there is a pronounced tendency toward 
a tenement section in the Eleventh Ward. There are 
very few large apartment houses or hotels in the city at 
the present time, but the opening of the tunnels will, in 
a few years, undoubtedly create a large demand for 
these classes of buildings. 

The eight largest holders of land in Jersey City in 
the order of their holdings, as computed for this 
exhibit, are the Central Railroad Company of New 
Jersey, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, the Erie 
Railroad Company, the Lehigh Valley Railroad 
Company, the Point Breeze Ferry and Improvement 
Company, Daniel J. Leary, the Delaware, Lacka- 
wanna and Western Railroad Company and Hon. 
John A. Blair, and these holdings comprised 2,981 
acres, of over 28'2 per cent, of the total area of the 
city. The assessed valuation of these lands is 
$43,734,000, or over I8.;2 per cent, of the total 
assessed valuation of the city. The railroad area and 
valuation is exclusive of the main stem. The largest 
property holder, the Central, owns over 8'2 percent, 
of the entire city, and is assessed for about 4^4 per 
cent, of its taxes, while the next largest owner, the 
Pennsylvania, owns over five per cent, of the city and 
pays over 5'.' per cent, of its taxes. The figures in 
detail are as follows: 

Area to Assessed Value 

Bulkhead Line of Land 

916 Acres $10,586,000 

533 " 12,985,000 

423 " 6,166,000 

345 " 5,873,000 

212 " 646,000 

201 " 656,000 

196 " 6,349,000 

155 " 473,000 



J. 



C. R. R. ofN. 

P. R. R. Co. 

Erie R. R. Co. 

L. V. R. R. Co. 

P. B. F. & I. Co. 

I). J. Leary 

n. L. & W. R. R. Co. 

John A. Blair 



2981 $43,734,000 

When it is considered how land has increased in 

value during the past twelve years, it is also not 

improbable that there will be a like increase now that the 

tunnels are about to revolutionize passenger traffic. 



There were selected three characteristic sections of the 
city and the increase computed from 1896 to 1908. 

The residential section bounded by Bergen, Duncan, 
West Side and Harrison avenues, comprising the costly 
homes on Harrison, Bentley, Gifford, Belmont, 
Kensington, Fairmount and Duncan Avenues, increased 
in value fi-om $1,900,000 to $5,010,000, or over 163 
per cent. In 1908 the value of the land alone in this 
section was $2,020,000, or more than the lands and 
buildings twelve years before, while the improvements 
were valued at $2,990,000. The magnificent approach 
to West Side Park has been constructed in this tract 
during this time, and many fine homes have been 
built, but as an evidence that the improvement' is still 
continuing, there is now being constructed there the 
largest apartment hotel that has yet been projected 
in Jersey City. There will soon be built a large 
church and a new clubhouse, and the only remaining 
vacant tract has been bought by live investors and is 
being laid out into lots with a new street built through it. 

The residential and trade section of Greenville, 
bounded by Garfield, Cator and'Winfield Avenues and 
and Old Bergen Road, was taken as an example in 
order to show an entirely different class of property, 
and this tract showed an increase In twelve years from 
$1,160,000 to $2,190,000, or over 89 per cent. There 
is a great future for Greenville and this is an excellent 
example of its wonderful progress to date. 

The trade section which was selected was bounded 
by Washington Street, First and Second Streets, Jersey 
Avenue, Railroad Avenue, Gregory and York Streets, 
and included the plants of many of the large manufactur- 
ing corporations, at the same time keepingaway from the 
shore front so that there would not be any extraordinary 
conditions to effect the computation. This tract showed 
an increase in twelve years from $7,400,000 to 
$14,600,000, or just 90 per cent. Here again the 
land value was greater in 1908 than the land and 
buildings twelve years before, amounting to $7,605,000, 
while the improvements last year cost $6,995,000. 

The amount of money expended in Jersey City 
during the five years from 1903 to 1908 for land 
and buildings used for municipal purposes was 
approximately $4,712,000, which was divided into 
$1,297,000 for public schools, $1,078,000 for parks and 
playgrounds, $55,000 for the fire department, $2,000,000 
for the new Court House and $282,000 for miscellane- 
ous expenses. 

The value of buildings erected during the five years 
amounted to $25,985,200, which was divided as follows: 

1 Ward - - $2,027,900 

2 Ward - - 794,800 

3 Ward - - 599,300 

4 Ward - - 560,400 

5 Ward - - 872,600 

6 Ward - - 2,010,400 

7 Ward - - 3,682,900 

8 Ward - - 5,094,100 

9 Ward - - 3,443,800 

10 Ward - - 2,721,600 

11 Ward - - 2,207,200 

12 Ward - - 1,970,200 



Total 



$25,985,200 



24 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



A PARTING WORD. 

Striving always in the direction of the goal of pro- 
gress, reaching out at all times for the things needed 
to materially benelit her people, never hopeless, never 
despairing, Jersey City has in the face of what at times 
seemed tremendous odds, continued without halt her 
steady march toward the fulfillment of her ideals and the 
achievement of her ambition. 

It was always that same "Jersey City spirit" that 
brought about these successes, that determination of the 
builders of the future city to make two men dwell 
where but one dwelt before. The true Jersey City spirit 
is as unconquerable as fate itself That what has been 
done in the past will be repeated in the future, seems 
certain. Those who came first made a town out of a 
stretch of unbroken country. Their sons in turn con- 
verted this town into a great city, and so on down 
through the generations, and the full growth has not 
been reached. 

The present generation faces a fore-ordained task, 
that of making the present great city a greater city. 
Compared to the work fearlessly faced and successfully 
accomplished by the other generations, the work that 
remains for the present men of Jersey City to do aoes 
not seem difficult. The Jersey City spirit is even now 
moving them on to this achievement. Within the past 
decade there have been great changes wrought. During 
the ten years that preceded there was fully as much 
accomplished. The pace has never slackened and 
should not be allowed to slacken at this late day. There 
live in Jersey City to-day many men who possess all of 
the admirable qualities of the redoubtable original 
founders of the city. If the few that led the march 
were able to do so much with so little resources, to 
what heights may not the many of to-day, with unlimited 
resources, aspire? 

Jersey City's men have ever been men who do, 
rather than men who prate, men of deeds rather than 
of words. During the hundred years of her existence 
the city's ambition has never for one moment lain 
dormant. Wakefulness and vigilence have brought 
adequate rewards in the past, but there are slill 
richer fruits to be garnered in the future by the same 
methods. The onward march must not stop. Thei-e 
must be no halting for breath. Every past battle has 
been won. No future defeat must stain this matchless 
record. The Jersey Cidzens of to-day are men of the 
same fibre as were the Jersey Citizens of the past, 
the men who built a city and then made the world 
come to it 

Whatever Jersey wants she must have. No desire 
for betterment must be permitted to go long unfulfilled. 
Let the same indomitable spirit that has brought the 
city to its present enviable position sweep her on to 
future glories far beyond the fondest hopes of the 
present day optimists. 

For Jersey's sun is yet low in the eastern sky. Her 
day is but begun. The men and women who to-day 
dwell in Jersey City are the sons and daughters of 
those who dwelt here yesterday and whe have taken 
their leave after having done their part in the work of 
progress. The Jersey Citizens of to-morrow will in 
turn be the sons and daughters of those of to-day. Let 



the heritage of yesterday be preserved undeleted sc 
that when the time comes it may be handed over to the 
people of to-morrow, its value increased rather than 
diminished, as something to be forever fondly treasured 
and jealously guarded. Never must there be a dark 
day, a day of which future generations shall have 
cause or reason to feel ashamed. Let Jersey City be 
in the future, as it has been in the past, a city to be envied 
rather than pitied, lauded rather than censured. 

Each corporation, partnership and firm in Jersey City 
should be eager to see the city grow, advance, develop, 
become greater, richer and better. Each such concern 
is one of the institutions of Jersey City and the whole 
can not succeed wtihout each and every part thereof 
sharing in that success, according to the merits of each. 
Prosperity seldom seeks. It must be sought, cultivated, 
striven after and jealously guarded when once secured! 
And a community can not truly and continuously 
prosper alone by the effort of an individual or a set 
of individuals. This, then, is a work in which every 
Jersey Citizen who has the interest of his city at 
heart should take a part. Let each citizen do all that 
he can to let the investigating public of America and the 
world know just what Jersey City has done, and will 
be able to do in the future. 

The history of a successful city, accurately written, 
should be carefully preserved. It is the record of a 
community, of a people, just as each individual has his 
own record. If the record is a good one, of which the 
holder may feel proud, it is a valuable asset. In the 
case of Jersey City this is true in every respect. There 
are no black pages in Jersey City's history, no lines 
that were better left unwritten. The city has inuch of 
which to feel proud and nothing of which to feel 
ashamed. Let Jersey City live in the future as she 
has in the past, with no stain on her record. If the 
history of the municipality is to continue with pages 
unstained each citizen must do his part. Let not the 
thoughtlessness of a day mar the unstained scroll of half 
a century. To the end of time each day must be a day 
of which she may be proud. 

A city is known by its wealth, its industries and its 
commerce, gathered together within its walls. When a 
community is made up of intelligent, energetic men and 
women it is because it possesses the advantages which 
attract persons possessing these qualities. Jersey City 
has drawn to her gates two hundred and fifty 
thousand mortals of the kind that think and do. 
The presence of these persons has lifted her to her 
present position among her sister cities. A city 
populated with thinkers without energy to do makes as 
little progress as a city populated by doers without 
intelligence to think. The people of Jersey City are 
the kind that have both intelligence and energy. This 
blend of brain and vim will ever keep the city of Jersey 
City in the front rank. 

Every wide-awake American city invites capital to 
come to her gates and make its home within her walls. 
Likewise, every wide-awake American city extending 
such an invitation displays to the best advantage the 
different inducements she has to offer capital, at the 
same time hiding from view such things as might tend 
to deter rather than attract the awaited guest. Jersey 
City is like other enterprising cities in that she has 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



3.T 



many inducements to offer and is sparing no pains to Jersey City wiiliin the nexi decade will undergo 
properly display them. But here the resemblance ceases many physical changes. Already the desire for an 
to exist, for Jersey City has nothing to hide from view, artistic as well as a wonderful metropolis has been 




EXIT 

HUDSON 
TUNNEL 



WELCOME 



v:>3B^^,. 



^^^\ 



TO 



Jersey City 

THREE MINUTES 
FROM BROADWAY 




nothing to conceal from cautious capital. Her every 
quality is attractive to the investor rather than deterrent. 
She offers a field where wealth may thrive and multiply 
without fear of blight or lack of nourishment. 



created. This desire will grow as the city grows in 
population, wealth and importance. What therefore 
to-day seems a dream will be to-morrow a reality. 

WALTER G. MUIRHEID. 



36 



JERSEY CITY WHEN THE WORLD WAS YOUNG. 



Probably the most striking feature of the topography 
of this section of the country is the high ridge of rocks 
which for many miles forms the west bank of the 
Hudson. This formation is known geologically as the 
Palisade ridge, and it rises from the water at Bergen 
Point, extending in a generally northerly direction and 
in gradually increasing height to Alpine, where it 
culminates in that rarely beautiful and attractive 
natural phenomenon popularly known as the Palisades 
of the Hudson. 

This Palisade ridge forms a sort of backbone, so to 
speak, not only of Jersey City but of the entire county 
of Hudson in New Jersey, and it is five hundred and 
fifty feet high at its greatest altitude ; at Fort Lee it is 
three hundred feet ; at West Bergen it is one hundred 
feet high ; and from the famous Hudson County 
Boulevard which streaks its crest the tourist may catch 
glimpses of scenic loveliness that are matched in no 
other section of the world. To the east flows the 
great river with the commerce of the globe on its 
bosom, while beyond throbs the mighty city, dazzling 
with its superlatives of wealth and mercantile potency. 
To the west, in restful greens, reposes the broad, 
floor-flat, reed-grown valley, silver-veined with the 
Hackensack and the Passaic and distantly dotted with 
a score of prosperous municipalities. 

In this mad age of ultra-commercialism it is of no 
little interest to recall the fact that there was a time 
when the glories of these entrancing views had 
a sentimental value of no less moment than their 
worth to-day as adjuncts to metropolitan real estate. 
Fitz-Greene Halleck, Robert Charles Sands, William 
Osborn Stoddard, Alfred Billings Street and William 
Wallace were among those who were "touched with 
the divine fire" by the vision from the Hudson's heights, 
of " tall spire, and glittering roof, and battlement, and 
banners floating in the sunny air ; and white sails o'er 
the calm blue waters bent." 

The ridge is of igneous origin and the rock of which 
it is formed is known as "trap," the name in its 
Teutonic form of treppe, — steps or stairs,— being 
originally applied broadly to a variety of rocks whose 
appearance suggested such a formation. In that dim 
past- probably millions of years ago — when order was 
gradually emerging out of chaos there was an age to 
which science has given the name of Jura-Trias, 
and it was then that this notable lineament of the 
physiognomy of northeastern New Jersey was drawn. 

Doubtless as a result of the cooling and the conse- 
quent shrinking of the earth's crust, a fissure opened 
in the still more ancient sandstone formation which 
underlies this section, and the molten rock fused in 
that titanic crucible in the heart of the globe oozed 
through the widening crack which extended for some 
twenty-seven miles in length and in places for a 
width of nearly two miles. It is noteworthy that, as a 
general proposition, the height of the ridge increases in 
proportion to the width of the crack ; in other words 



more of the lava came to the top as the fissure widened, 
and so we see the splendid heights of the Palisades at 
the widest and most northerly extremity of this famous 
bit of landscape. 

New Jersey has had the wisdom, he it said to her 
credit, to have a most careful survey of this whole 
region, and her geological reports upon it are masterly 
productions. Necessarily the technical is the dominant 
note of those reports, but it is the purpose of this 
article, by means of pertinent references to local land- 
marks, to help the reader to a better understanding of 
these tangible records of one of the most stupendous 
manifestations of creative power to be found in this 
quarter of the world. 

Among the many places which tell of the origin of 
these rocks to good advantage, are the deep cuts 
through which the railways gain entrance to the water 
front of Jersey City. The blasting has revealed the 
"contrary" character of the stone and its irregular 
prismatic formation ; there are also curious streakings 
or cracks in large smooth surfaces of the rock, so 
strongly suggestive of the sun-baked bottom of a 
dried up mud-puddle ; and these are ocular evidences 
of the volcanic forces which labored in the birth of these 
rocks. At the north side of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
cut, east of Waldo Avenue on the eastern face of the 
Palisade ridge, these " cooling cracks " are very finely 
shown, wnile the quarried bluff back of the roundhouse 
near by affords a particularly good opportunity to look 
into the heart of these adamantine hills. 

At the time the ridge appeared, "giant reptiles 
haunted the seas and wallowed in the marshes ; the 
first suckling animals, the mammalia, were put upon 
the scene ; the members of the feathered creation, if 
they existed at all, were as much reptiles as birds " — 
and although these rocks tell us little enough of that 
ancient life they do tell us of another epoch in world- 
making, that of the Pleistocene age ; and as monuments 
inscribed with the history of that remote past even their 
superficial study is of fascinating interest. 

It is no longer a scientific theory, but a thoroughly 
accepted truth, that at one time — some say at as many 
as five distinct and widely separated intervals — the 
northern part of New Jersey was covered with 
enormous glaciers which had their origin in the 
neighborhood of what is now Hudson's Bay, and from 
their centres there the ice sheets expanded until they 
invaded a large area of our northern and northwestern 
United States. Limiting consideration of the question 
to our own immediate purview, it is known that the 
lobes of these glaciers moved slowly down the parallels 
inscribed by the hills and mountain ranges of south- 
eastern New York and northern New Jersey, covering 
almost the entire northern area of New Jersey as far 
south as Perth Amboy on the east and in an irregular 
frontage across the state to Belvidere on the west. 

The boundaries and directions of this glacial move- 
ment are quite as accurately known by scientific men. 




JERSEY CITY WIIEX THE \V( )RLL) WAS YOUXG 



I. ■' Sheep's Back '" Formation Near Greenville _>. Trap Rock Uluff. Near P. R. R. Roundhouse 

3. Top OF Trap Rock Bluff Showing " Cooling Cracks " ;. Trap Rocks Showing " Striae," .\ ear Greenville 

4. Bowlder Showing Glacial Gouging and Polishing 
6. Gneiss Bowlder, Brought BY Glacier FROM xfar ?. Glacially Polished Rocks. Arlington .\venue 

Station. C. R. R. of X. J. 



Newburgh, N. Y. 



?fi 



JERSEY CITY OF TO DAY. 



as the good housewife knows how her maid has 
progressed witii sweeping or cleaning a mud-tracl<ed 
floor, and by very much the same sort of symbols, for 
the glacier, lii^^e the broom, carried before it the litter 
of soil and rocks from ail over the area it swept, and 
left it, at the time of the glacial dissolution, in the 
uneven morainic wave still to be distinctly traced across 
New Jersey — and in fact for a score of miles further 
across Staten Island and the western end of Long 
Island. 

It is estimated that some sixteen hundred square 
miles of the area of northern N ew Jersey was ' 'glaciated, 
and that the average thickness of the ice cap for this 
area was approximately one thousand feet— enougli to 
make a cube of some three hundred and forty miles on 
a side ! At the head of the Hackensack valley it was 
probably fifteen hundred feet thick, and it sloped down 
to zero in Newark bay. It is a weird thing for the 
imagination to conjure up — the thought of the broad 
basin filled to more than overflowing with an almost 
irresistible field of ice and its accompanying mass of 
detritis of all sorts! 

In its slowly advancing southward movement, the 
flow of the glacier would naturally be resisted by every 
natural barrier, but it is not difficult to appreciate what 
happened to obstacles in the path of such an enormous 
mass of ice, plowing its way along, impelled by the 
awful pressure of the thousand-mile thrust behind it 
and by the weight of the cap at its deepest part. Soil 
was gathered out of a valley here ; there, a ridge of 
gneiss was cracked into bowlders or comminuted into 
sand ; the shed of a drainage system was reversed here; 
there a mountain valley was dammed up and left a lake. 
By a process of elimination or "survival of the fittest " 
the bottom of the glacier was shod with a mass of rocks 
which were the least susceptible of destruction them- 
selves, but which on the other hand could exert the 
greatest factor of destruction upon what they passed 
over. 

But Jersey City as far back as the Pleistocene age 
was a pretty hard place, and when this cyclopean rasp 
was rubbed over the jagged ridges of volcanic rock 
there, its work was cut out for it for sure. To-day 
there are any number of outcroppings of trap which 
.Indicate the measure of resistance offered to the flint- 
shod vandal. A short distance west of Arlington 
Avenue station. Central Railroad of New Jersey, are 
two rocks whose top surfaces are polished until they 
shine almost like glass ; and in the grading of a large 
real estate operation on the west slope of the ridge 
between the Boulevard and West Side Avenue, near 
Greenville, a particularly fine example of the roche 
moutonnee or sheep's back formation, and other 
examples carrying the striae or marks indicating the 
direction of glacial movement, were lately uncovered. 

Another highly interesting relic of the glacial move- 
ment is to be seen between Waldo Avenue and the 
eastern edge of the bluff on the south side of the 
Pennsylvania railroad cut. It is a large bowlder shaped 
somewhat like a flattened egg of gigantic proportions, 
perhaps seven feet in its greatest diameter, and it is 
perched upon the commons there with a number of 
much smaller stones around it. Remembering that all 
the bed rock in that neighborhood is hard trap, it is 



noteworthy that this bowlder is gneiss, a rock of riiuch 
more ancient ancestry. 

To the unpractised observer it might seem that this 
bowlder was simply a detached fragment from the 
neighboring cliff^although an inquiring mind might go 
so far as to wonder how and why it ever got into its 
present isolated position. But the fact that it is gneiss 
and not trap raises the issue with the geologist that it 
must have come from some other place, for these 
geological black sheep do not stray into strange barn- 
yards without some good reason. 

Knovv'ing, however, that glaciers have been there, 
and having so many evidences of the direction the 
glaciers traveled, it is pretty well established that this 
bowlder was carried from its home in the Highland 
belt, most probably from a point between Newburgh 
and Stony Point in New York State. 

In dealing with such subjects the lay mind is always 
concerned with the question, "When did all this 
happen?" But science can only reply with her 
deductions and inferences from most painstaking 
calculations and observations. Figuring upon the basis 
of the distance that Niagara Falls and the Falls of St. 
A.nthony have been retreating since the disappearance 
of the ice, it is felt to be pretty well settled that the last 
ice sheet disappeared from this se-ction from six 
thousand to ten thousand years ago, and that the entire 
period of the glacial age may have covered from 
two hundred and fifty to three hundred thousand 
years. 

In the far southwestern corner of Jersey City is 
another extremely interesting natural phenomenon, and 
apart from the curious character of the formation there, 
the spot is wonderfully attractive as a beautiful bit of 
landscape. It is readily reached from the bridge which 
carries the Boulevard across the Morris canal. A 
varied growth of foliage, mostly of scrub dimensions, 
covers the eastern area of the tract in question and 
effectually screens the view of the bay from the 
Boulevard. A path leads west along the southern 
bank of the canal and it is but a few minutes' walk to 
the place in question. 

From the beach the broad reaches of Newark Bay 
may be seen, and stretching away to the north in 
graceful curves, is the line of the Morris canal. In 
the foreground rises a high bluff of sand, the 'oluff 
extending in a weather worn front for several hundred 
yards along the shore. This weathering reveals several 
features in its make-up, in other words, it shows that 
the bank is composed of several different kinds of 
earth. On top is about a foot of blackish loam ; next 
comes about six inches of blacker soil which carries 
large quantities of shell ; below that is a layer of white 
sand extending down a considerable distance. 

It is this shell layer that is the most curious thing 
about the whole formation. To explain its presence 
there, the theory is popularly advanced that the high 
ground was once a favorite camp ground for the 
Indians in prehistoric days and that here they used to 
gather their stores of shell fish ; but the theory does 
not stand the light of our knowledge of Indian methods. 
It is " not good Indian " to cover up their refuse with 
about a foot of soil— and that soil of such radically 
different character as that upon which they left their 



J 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



2'.) 



debris. They are not likely to have carted black loam 
in from some other place simply to cover up acres and 
acres of unused oyster shells. 

But the place is a fine illustration, in the estimation of 
a well-known geologist, to whom large numbers of 
photographs and extensive description have been 
submitted, of that very extraordinary phenomenon 
known as a raised beach. From the water's edge the 
then larger shells can be seen, carried across the 
weathered ravine, buried under its top layer of black 
soil and supported by its indefinite bed of sand beneath. 
How far out into the bay this sand bluff once extended, 
it is difficult to say, but that it must have once stretched 
well out under the water, there can be no question. 



There are glacially niaiked bowlders along the water's 
edge and out in the bay which indicate how a lot of 
the bluff has been lost. 

That this part of Jersey City in the making, then, 
was formed by a bumping up of the bottom of the bay 
in some age before the glaciers plowed their way down 
the Hackensack valley, when the crust of the earth was 
gradually contracting in size and throwing up even 
mountain ranges in some places in such paroxysm, 
seems a very plausible theory and an extremely 
interesting one for the study and investigation of the 
Jersey Citizens of to-day. 

W. H. RICHARDSON. 



A GREATER AND BETTER JERSEY CITY. 




From the time that 
H e n d r i k Hudson 
viewed the land of 
Jersey City as he sailed 
up through the Nar- 
rows, that city has 
taken an active part in 
the nation's history. 
At the beginning of the 
end of the British rule 
in New Jersey, con- 
solidation became ad- 
visable. The interests 
of Paulas Hook, 
Bergen, Pavonia and 
Communipaw deman- 
ded a closer tie and a movement was started which 
resulted in a union of these towns and the advent of 
Jersey City. 

We will pass over the years that intervene, vital 
years that have given forth the great city which it is 
our heritage to serve and cherish. The pleasant spot 
upon which the eyes of Hudson feasted centuries ago 
has become the gateway of the new continent, the 
greatest railway centre of the world. Linked and 
riveted by tubes of steel, it is an intregal part of the 
great metropolis and feels the throb of the great pulse 
of industrial advancement. 

The new and advanced methods of transit provided 
by the tunnels which make it pos'^ible for the New 
York resident to reach almost any part of our city 
quicker and easier than other sections of the metro- 
politan district must inevitably result in a greater 
increase in our population and a corresponding benefit 
10 all business interests. 

Our city has advanced rapidly during the past decade, 
but this advancement will be far overshadowed when 
compared with the development which is now taking 
place and will continue to occur in the immediate future. 
The congested conditions in New York are rapidly 
forcing people to seek homes elsewhere and thus 
Jersey City finds itself competing with other cities of 
the metropolitan district in an effort to secure these 
home-seekers. 
The improved transit faciliiies which the Hudson 



River tunnels together with a better trolley service will 
provide, considering also that the cost of such service 
is not greater than elsewhere, will place us in a strong 
position to get a very large percentage of those who 
are seeking a comfortable and convenient place in 
which to live. Should the fare to Long Island or other 
places within the thirty minute zone be less than to 
Jersey City, should the service be inferior or should 
there be any discrimination on the part of the public 
utilities companies in favor of other municipalities, then, 
in my judgment, we will come far short of realizing the 
great benefits we anticipate. 

With this and all other questions Jersey City must 
deal wisely and honorably, for the interests of our city 
are too sacred to be met by any other method or any 
other principle save these old-fashioned business 
principles of honesty, justice and reason. 

Thus with tunnels an assured fact, with the finest 
public school system in the country, pure and whole- 
some water, good sewage and clean streets, with 
people alive to their own interests, who is there so 
pessimistic as to entertain a fear for the future of 
Jersey City? 

It is true, of course, that we still need many improve- 
ments such as street widening, repaving, additions to 
and one or two more neighboiMng parks; a new 
technical school, where trades will be taught, a new 
hospital for the care of tuberculosis patients, but these 
and other improvements must and will come in due 
time. 

I firmly believe that investinents in real estate in 
Jersey City will prove immensely profitable if judici- 
ously made, and I confidently look forward to an 
upward movement that will eclipse anything in the past 
twenty years. I am not unmindful of the many 
intricate matters that must be straightened out, of the 
many vital problems to be solved, of the many improve- 
ments of which we are sorely in need, but I do know 
that however great the difficulty it can be overcome by 
persistent, continued and intelligent effort, and Jersey 
City will not long tolerate an administration which 
cannot, and will not, properly and expeditiously manage 
its affairs. 

Administrations coine and go and leave behind their 
impress of good or evil upon the history of the city. 



30 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Is it not Shakespeare who said " The evil that men do 
lives after them ; the good is oft' interred with their 
bones"? 

The present administration has been bequeathed a 
heritage in the shape of a tax problem, which some 
people are unthinking enough to believe is of its making. 
Such a belief, however, can easily be refuted. 

A question which is being agitated is that of the 
consolidation of the various municipalities in this 
locality into one great city. The progressive spirit 
which actuated our forbears is still militant in the hearts 
of our citizens, and as they look upon the small cities 
about them whose interests are their interests, whose 
prosperity is their prosperity, they see in fancy a 
greater, grander city, a consolidation of all under the 
corporate title of Greater Jersey City. 

The transforming of this present fancy into a reality 
will mean much to the municipalities affected. Our 
interests are co-ordinate and the advantages to be 
derived are obvious as well as legion. 

Let me urge upon you the importance of civic pride, 
of a lively interest in matters which make for good 
government, for after all you owe it to your city, you 
owe it to your generation and the generation that is to 
follow, you owe it to yourselves, to be jealous of the 
fair name of your city, to be greater than petty bicker- 
ings and to ever lend your support to honest efforts 
which are made in the interest of civic advancement. 

As an example of the demonstration of civic pride, I 
cannot refrain from expressing my admiration for and 
appreciation of the work that is being done for our city 
by the Board of Trade. Of course I speak of the new 
rejuvenated body, for out of the old organization, 
composed of a few hopeful business men, has grown 
this present-day, live, progressive, efficient organization 
— Jersey City's Board of Trade — of which we are 
iustly proud. 

So long as this board continues along the line followed 



during the past few years, so long as it retains among 
its membership men who are willing to give up their 
lime and money unselfishly for the common good, as 
is now the case, so long will its effectiveness increase 
and its influence for good be felt in every public board 
of the city government. 

While it is true that occasionally adverse criticism is 
heard concerning civic improvement clubs, because of 
unreasonable and untimely demands for improvements 
which the city can ill afford to make, yet no loyal 
Jersey Cityite would have the temerity to deny that 
these organizations have done more than any other 
agency to create, stimulate and foster that element of 
civic pride which is so essential to the healthy growth 
and advancement of a municipality. It is indeed 
encouraging to note the ever increasing interest of our 
citizens in municipal affdrs, an interest which is proving 
of incalculable value to our city. 

The history of our city is a history of absorbing 
problems met and settled, and because of the action and 
judgment of others in meeting these questions we 
either gain or lose ; we live not for the present only, 
and our city demands that we act wisely and well, and 
so as the chief executive I ask for our city the loyal, 
honest and conscientious support of all citizens that its 
interests may be conserved and its fair name rank 
among the cities of the earth. 

For myself I shall feel amply repaid, yes, grateful, if 
as a result of any effort of mine any advancement is 
made, even in a small way, toward civic betterment. 
Great indeed would be my gratification if the end of 
my official life should find this city, which has done so 
much for me and for those dear to me^this city which 
I love, this city of my birth, and where I hope to spend 
the remaining years of my life — a greater, grander and 
better city in which to live. 

H. OTTO WITTPENN. 



THE HACKENSACK RIVER SHORE FRONT. 



The State of New Jersey is essentially a manufactur- 
ing state. Only five states of the union have a larger 
value of manufactured products per year. Bayonne 
and Jersey City combined have a larger capital in- 
vested for manufacturies than twenty-nine states of the 
union, and more than any city in New Jersey. The 
amount so invested, according to the last census report 
on manufactures, is about one hundred and thirty-five 
million dollars, and the value of Jersey City's manu- 
factured products is the large sum of one hundred and 
thirty-six million per year. 

The community of more than three hundred thousand 
people in these two cities is practically dependent upon 
the manufacturing interests. Successful creation and 
maintenance of such enterprises depend as much upon 
the cheapness and facility of transportation as upon any 
other factor. From a geographical standpoint there is 
no better location in the United States for factories than 
the narrow peninsula of land occupied by Bayonne 
and Jersey City. It is about twelve miles long by two 
miles wide. On the east is the Hudson River and New 



York Bay, comprising the great harbor of New York 
and the metropolis of trade. On the west is the 
Hackensack River and Newark Bay. These water- 
ways are joined to New York Bay by a natural and I 
navigating stream called Kill von KuU. ' 

In addition to these advantages of location, Hudson 
County has the terminals of the greatest trunk lines of 
railroads, the Pennsylvania, the Erie, the Baltimore 
and Ohio, the Reading, the Central, the Lehigh Valley 
and others. 

The people of Hudson County have turned toward 
the development of the Hackensack River, and its 
improvement is a matter of the greatest importance to 
business interests. It applies to Bogota and Hacken- I 
sack as well, and to the entire New York district. If 
New York desires to increase her commercial supremacy 
she must afford opportunity for new enterprises and 
space for increasing the old. It is a lamentable fact 
that there are practically no more available water lands 
in New York City. Nor are there many on the New 
Jersey side of the Hudson River or New York Bay, 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



31 



except at such prohibitive prices as twenty-five thousand 
dollars an acre, which can be accepted only by establish- 
ments of very large financial backing. 

New establishments as well as old ones desiring 
increased quarters in the harbor of New York must 
turn to Newark Bay and the Hackensack River for 
their land. This is recognized by all who have given 
any consideration to the transportation problem 
of New York harbor and has been indorsed by the 
United States government. Colonel W. R. Livermore, 
of the corps of engineers in charge of the river and 
harbor improvements in New York harbor, says in 
his report to Secretary Taft, on January 8, 1 907 : 

" The entrance to New York Bay from Kill von Kull, 
near Bergen Point, should be enlarged so as to give 
access to Newark Bay, which, if properly developed, 
will eventually become a greater basin for wharfage 
and anchorage of vessels of all sizes and especially for 
those of medium tonnage. The development oF the 
commerce here will depend to a great extent upon 
the maintenance of the basin and the future demands 
of the United States in extending the deep water 
area." 

The location of manufacturing industries along 
Newark Bay and the Hackensack River is now an 
established fact. For the past ten years the develop- 
ment of new plants has been largely on the west side. 
The largest concern along the Hackensack is the B. T. 
Babbitt Company, large manufacturers of soap. They 
are located several miles north of Jersey City where 
they have an investment of at least six million dollars. 
They use the Hackensack and Newark Bay to the 
Kill von Kull and New York Bay for most of their raw 
material and have daily sailings. 

Dodge and Bliss Company, in Jersey City, have an 
investment of $400,000, including a dock on the 
Hackensack, where they unload, from vessels using 
the Hackensack, at least seventy-five million feet of 
lumber per year. The Woodstock Company adjoining 
them has an investment of $300,000. About 120 
vessels per year load and unload at the docks of these 
two companies. In addition to the many smaller 
concerns, there are located on the west side of the 
Jersey City, adjacent to the Hackensack, the following 
manufacturies, to all of whom the improvement of the 
Hackensack would be a direct benefit by affording 
water transportation : 

Public Service Corporation, gas plant, $1,000,000 ; 
Public Service Corporation, $1,000,000: Chadwick 
Cotton Mills, $500,000; New Jersey Zinc Company, 
$1,000,000; Crucible Steel Company of America, 
$500,000 ; Chicago Railway Engineering Company, 
$250,000 ; Detwiller and Street Fireworks Manufactur- 
ing Company, $100,000; Mallinkrodt Chemical Works. 
$500,000; Wickes Machinery Works, $300,000. 

The American Tobacco Company has within the past 
two years purchased land and prepared plans for a 
plant representing about $5,000,000, and acquired from 
the state the riparian rights in the Hackensack for the 
purpose of using water transportation. Jersey City's 
principal manufactures are tobacco, sugar, oil, foundry 
products, lumber, iron work, rubber goods and chemi- 
cals. The raw materials in most cases, and the 
finished product in many, constitute heavy, bulky 



freight and water transportation is almost indispensable 
to cheap manufacture. 

The improvement of the Hackensack by the United 
States Government would be only a slight extension of 
the plans of development already taken in the imme- 
diate vicinity. The Hackensack and Newark Bays are 
integral parts of New York Harbor. The government 
has already expended large sums of money in deepen- 
ing the channel of Kill von Kull and Arthur Kill. 
Work is now in progress on the deepening of a channel 
from the junction of the Hackensack and Passaic 
Rivers to the City of Newark, along the Passaic. There 
s a natural channel in the Hackensack, with only two 
bars to interfere with navigation : one at Bogota, a 
considerable distance up the river, and the other at the 
junction of the Passaic and Hackensack in Newark 
Bay. Over this last bar there are twelve feet of water 
at high tide. This makes the river navigable at the bar 
at certain hours of the day only, and then only to small 
vessels. 

Manufacturers along the Hackensack find great 
difficulty in getting such vessels in the coast trade, and 
they are frequently required to unload their cargo in 
the deep water and barge their raw material over the 
bar to the docks. The entire development of the river 
now depends upon the removal of this bar. It has 
been estimated that a 16 foot channel to admit the coast 
trade could be dredged about 7,000 feet for much less 
than the amount of this appropriation. It is also 
asserted that if the bar were removed for 7,000 feet 
only, beginning 200 feet south of the Central Railroad 
bridge, until further appropriations should be made, it 
would open up the river to very much more navigation. 
The project is indorsed by the mayors and boards of 
trades of the cities mentioned, and also by manufactu- 
rers along the river. 

The Sixtieth Congress recognized the merit of 
Jersey City's claim to an improvement of the Hacken- 
sack River and in February, Nineteen Hundred and 
Nine, passed the river and harbor bill containing a 
provision directing a survey of the Hackensack River 
and Newark Bay with the view of securing a channel 
sufficient to admit vessels of the coast trade. The bill 
was approved by the President on March 3, 1909. 
Within ten days thereafter, Colonel Lockwood, of the 
Engineering Corps of the United States Army, com- 
menced the actual work of collecting information about 
the extent of the traffic on these water ways and making 
soundings to determine the most suitable location for 
the channel. Upon the report of the engineer Con- 
gress will then authorize the actual dredging of the 
channel and there will be opened to the business and 
manufacturing interests of Jersey City the most valuable 
facilities for docks and water transportation which can 
be enjoyed in the New York harbor. No other section 
of the Atlantic coast can offer more attractive induce- 
ments to the establishment of manufacturing plants than 
the combination of railroad and water transportation 
afforded by the development of the Newark Bay and 
Hackensack River. 

Mayor Wittpenn, recognizing the importance of this 
new project, has appointed a Water Front Commission. 

HON. EUGENE W. LEAKE. 



32 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Joseph A. Dear, one of the charter members of the Board of 
Trade, was horn May 1 1 , 1840, in the village of Easton Magna, 
County of Leicester, England. His father, the Rev. Joseph 
Dear, was the minister of the Congregational Church and 
enjoyed the esteem and respect ot the community and mem- 
bers of all religious bodies for his devoted and self-sacrificing 
labors. The family removed to the town of Wakefield in 
Yorkshire in 1849, where the boy received his education, 
and later, in 1854, according to the custom of the locality, 
was duly indentured as an apprentice to a dry goods house. 
Five years of this work in a store with the long hours then 
customary undermined his health and made necessary a 
new start. Engaging with a collecting and insurance agency, 
a distasteful business 
whose one redeeming 
feature was out of door 
work, he determined 
after the death of his 
father to study for the 
bar and began to read 
law and learn shorthand 
writing at the same time. 
This last was undertaken 
in the hope of thereby 
making a living by news- 
paper reporting while 
carrying on his legal 
studies. 

Toward the end of 
1863, while going through 
his daily two hours prac- 
tice of shorthand writing 
from the reading of 
his mother, a newspaper 
article was read which 
led to his emigration to 
this country. It was a 
copy of an article written 
to a paper published by 
Isaac Pitman of Bath, 
the father of phonogra- 
phy, giving an account of 
the great demand for 
shorthand writers in 
America. It stated that 
owing to the numerous 
courts martial, courts of 
equity and military coni- 
missionsat variouspoints, 
not only close to the seat 
of war but in Washing- 
ton and elsewhere, there 
was a demand for short- 
hand writers that could 
not be supplied, although 
the price for competent 
men had been raised to 
ten dollars a day. This was dazzling, and resulted in a 
resolution to come to the land of promise as soon as 
possible. 

In March, 1864, by the breaking up of the household and 
sale of furniture, enough had been realized to pay for a 
steerage p.issage and to provide the means of living for a 
week or two while hunting for the ten dollars a day job. 
Landing at Portland, Maine, and escaping the toils of a 
swindler companion picked up en voyage, he journeyed to 
Boston, and there, within two days, was happy to form the 
acquaintance of William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips, 
while going round the newspaper offices looking for work. 
After a stay of six weeks in Boston, during which time some 




Joseph A. De.^r. 



shorthand work was secured and satisfactorily performed, 
the trip to New York was undertaken, armed with a letter 
of introduction to Horace Greeley from George Thompson, 
in those days a well known English orator, backed with 
another from Wendell Phillips. A daily hunt for work, in 
which every city editor in the city was called on twice, 
morning and evening, resulted in a few odd jobs, and at 
length a permanent engagement on the New York Tribune. 
In December of the same year, 1864, came the oppor- 
tunity to go to the front as a shorthand reporter, which was 
prom.ptly taken. It was an enquiry ordered by President 
Lincoln into the circumstances attending the sinking of the 
British Confederate pn-ate "The Florida" in Bahia Bay by 

a U. S. Military Trans- 
port. This work at Fort 
Monroe occupied about 
six weeks, and at its 
finish followed discharge ; 
j u r n e y to Bermuda 
Hundreds to get bill for 
services approved ; an 
interview with General 
Butler, an engagement 
by him, never carried 
out because he was su- 
perseded by General Ord 
an hour later ; re-engage- 
ment by General Ord to 
report courts martial 
and commissions of in- 
quiry, busily employed 
at Norfolk, Virginia. 
With Grant's movement 
against Lee crnie a stop- 
page of much of this 
work ; again discharge ; 
a journey to Richmond 
to get bill approved, and 
a re-engagement by 
General Alfred Terry for 
work at Richmond which 
lasted till August, 1866. 
Then one day came an 
order to the court room 
for stenographer Dear to 
report at once to Quarter- 
master General. That 
olfcer said "Mr. Dear, 
you are ordered by 
General Terry to be 
discharged immediately. 
No, there are no com- 
plaints, but your appoint- 
ment is declared by the 
auditor to be illegal and 
your salary for the last 
fifteen months has been 
The general subsequently got 



charged to General Terry 
this charge allowed. 

This change determined the putting into action of a design 
long cherished for a trip to the west, and two days later he 
was on board train for Cincinnati in fulfilment of a promise 
to visit, at Covington, Ky., some rebel soldiers who had at 
times acted as his amanuenses in transcribing his reports. 
A pleasant renewal of friendship strangely formed, and then 
terminated forever by departure for St. Louis. No opening 
offering there, Chicago was visited, and here an engagement 
was made with the Chicago Republican as travelling corres- 
pondent. The first em.ployment was a detail to accompany 
President Andrew Johnson on his famous tour " round the 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY, 



33 



circle" which continued twice across Illinois to and from St. 
Louis, Indianapolis and as far east as Cincinnati, where a 
long interview with General Grant, in which the General 
bitterly complained of the manner in which his official 
relations with the President had been misrepresented by the 
"rebel horde" surrounding Johnson as his personal 
approval of the latter's course, so angered the President that 
he ordered the daring correspondent from the train. The 
despatch, however, was quoted all over the country and did 
much to regain for General Grant the good will he had lost 
by his attendance on the Presidental tour. 

Returning to Chicago there was an arduous winter's work of 
trips through Illinois, Iowa and the Lake Superior copper 
mining district, when a change of directors brought a new force 
of writers on the field and theconsequent displacement of the 
old ones. At this juncture, a letter was received from Mr. 
Isaac England, the day editor of the New York Tribune 
during Mr. Dear's previous service on that paper, offering 
him a position on the Jersey City Times, of which Mr. 
England was then editor. This was in April, 1867, and 
when, ten months later, Mr. England resigned to take a 
position on the New York Times, Mr. Dear was made editor 
of the Jersey City Times, continuing in that position for 
fourteen months. In September Mr. J. A. McLauchlan 
bought a half interest in the Times, and Mr. Dear's 
connection ceased. 

Requested by Major Z. K. Pangborn to take his place on 
the Evening Journal during his absence for a stumping tour, 
a temporary connection with the Evening Journal was thus 
formed, which a week after its termination, on the Monday 
before election, became permanent by his purchase of a 
one-third interest in the paper and the organization of the 
firm of Pangborn, Dunning and Dear. The position assumed 
by him was that of the reporter for the "Hill," Lafayette. 
Bergen, Hudson City and Hoboken, and also business 
manager. The Evening Journal now employs five inale 
and several female reporters to cover the district over which 
Mr. Dear daily tramped, arriving at the office at 2 P. M. 
and then assuming his duties as business manager. 

During the thirty-nine years which have since elapsed, 
Mr. Dear has inaintained his connection and identification 
with the Evening Journal, and, it is pleasant to know, has 
prospered with it. The old firm of Pangborn, Dunning and 
Dear was dissolved in 1877. and The Evening Journal 



Association was organized as a joint stock company. In 
1884, its rapidly increasing job printing business was sold to 
the Jersey City Printing Company, of which, as well as of 
The Evening Journal, Mr. Dear has occupied the position 
of treasurer and general manager since its organization. 

While never seeking political prominence, Mr. Dear has 
been identified with almost every public movement that has 
sought the betterment of Jersey City. He was a member of 
the Citizens' Association of 1884, and took a prominent 
part in the movement which resulted in the election of 
Mayor Collins, and the later movement which put in the 
chair P. P. Wanser. He was an ardent advocate of equal 
taxation, and took an active part in all the agitations at home 
and before the Legislature, resulting at first only in the 
partial but later in the full taxation of railroad property at 
local rates. He took great interest in all the agitation for a 
new water supply, and assisted in drafting and bringing 
before the Legislature the project for the creation of a State 
Board to conserve, develop, store and distribute the water 
supplies of the state for the use of the people of the state, 
and to save them from the monopolies of the water 
companies. This movement was twenty-five years in 
advance of public opinion, and was incontinently sat upon 
by the Legislature. It is now being talked of with more 
respect, its necessity being now generally admitted. 

Mr. Dear has always shown great interest in the charitable 
work of the city. He has been for many years secretary of 
the Home for the Homeless, and also president of the 
Newman Industrial Home and Mission from its formation. 
He is also the treasurer and manager of The Evening 
Journal Fresh Air Fund, which gives a summer's outing of 
two weeks to about 400 children and about thirty women 
adults every summer at its beautiful home at Saddle River, 
of which it is the owner. 

Mr. Dear was one of the charter members of the Board of 
Trade and practically president during a great part of the 
term of Mayor Cleveland. He was president of the Board 
in 1893, and has since been chairman of the dinner 
committee and the committee on meetings and receptions 
for many years. 

On May 30, 1870, he was married to Kate Augusta 
Barbour of this city. Six children have been born to them, 
of whom five are living. Four sons and one daughter are 
now residents of this city. 



Of the well-known men 
of lower Jersey City, few 
are better known than 
John Nimmo, who has 
resided at 87 Mercer 
Street for many years. 
Mr. Nimmo was engaged 
in the baking business 
for twenty-seven years, 
but retired a few years 
ago, and since that time 
has sought positions of a 
less arduous character. 
He succeeded David R. 
Daly as a member of 
the Board of Education 
during Mayor Hoos' ad- 
ministration, and was 
superintendent of con- 
struction of the new No. 
1 Public School on York Street. For over two years he was 
connected with the Hudson County Park Commission, and 
was their trusted representative at the new West Side Park, 
where he had a large force of inspectors, timekeepers and 
watchmen under his control. 




JOHN NIMMO. 



Deciding that he would retire from an active career, he 
resigned his office with the Park Commission on April 1, 
1907, and since that time has devoted himself to real estate 
investment and speculation. With his superior knowledge 
of the real estate conditions of Hudson County, he has 
negotiated several large and profitable operations, and is 
thoroughly convinced of the fact that there is a greater 
opportunity in the real estate field of Hudson County than in 
any section within an equal distance of New York City. He 
is a conservative and shrewd investor, and his judgment is 
in every case rewarded by handsome profits. 

Mr. Nimmo's war record is an excellent one. He entered 
the United States Army in the 139th New York Volunteers 
on August 13, 1862, and served three years, taking an active 
part in the battles of Williamsburg and Cold Harbor, the 
taking of Richmond at Duryes Bluff with Ben Butler, and in 
other important engagements. He is past master of the 
Star of Hope Lodge No. 430, F. and A. M. of Brooklyn, and 
a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and the 
Union League Club. In politics, he has always been an 
organization Republican, taking an active part in all its 
campaigns, and ever upholding the principles in which he 
believes. On many occasions he has been the party's 
trusted representative, and has done much to carry it to 
victory by earnestly championing its cause. 



34 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



No history of Jersey Ciry would be complete without 
reference to its gardening interests, and the foremost Figure 
therein, Pet«r Henderson. Born in Scotland in 1822, he 
came to this country in 1843 and became a resident of 
Jersey City in 1847. He died in 1887 at the zenith of his 
fame, a man whose peaceful achievements had won for him 
an illustrious name throughout the land of his adoption, and 
who by his wise counsel, cheering words and unselfish aid 
had endeared himself to thousands of his fellow men. 

As an author, his works "Practical Florticulture," 
"Gardening for Pleasure" and "Gardening for Profit" 
have achieved a larger circulation than any other works of a 
similar character ever published, the last-named having 
gone through no less than forty-one editions, and are to-day, 
forty years after their 
first publication, standard 
works. 

Commercially, his 
greatest success was won 
as the founder of the firm 
of Peter Henderson & 
Co. of 35 and 37 Cort- 
landt Street, New York 
City, which is to-day one 
of the largest, if not the 
greatest retail seed firm 
in the world. Their 
Jersey City greenhouses 
and trial grounds on 
Arlington Avenue and the 
Boulevard are extensive. 
The Arlington Avenue 
grounds alone having 
upwards of seven acres 
of solid glass. The Bou- 
levard property, which is 
used exclusively for field 
testing of seed, covers 
nearly twelve acres and 
is possibly the largest 
desirably located tract in 
Jersey City under one 
control. These are to-day 
all conducted along the 
lines laid down by Peter 
Henderson, although it is 
to be doubted whether 
he ever anticipated that 
his business should ever 
achieve under the im- 
petus of his name, the 
magnitude that it has 
to-day. Mr. Charles 
Henderson, his youngest 
son, is the present pres- 
ident of the company. 

To have been either PETER HENDERSON 

the leading florist, greatest seed merchant, or the versatile 
horticultural writer would have been fame enough for most 
men, but when it is considered that Peter Henderson held 
almost the highest rank in all three, it may be understood 
how great his industry and genius must have been. 

From the very beginning, it has been the policy of Peter 
Henderson & Co. to furnish their patrons with the very best 
seed stock grown, no matter whence it must be procured or 
what efforts were required to obtain it. This policy is 
continued to the present day. It has resulted in allying with 
the Henderson house a large auxiliary force of growers in all 
parts of the world, a company of planters, each of whom is a 
specialist in some particular variety of vegetable, flower or 




plant. By this method, each varietyis fostered and improved 
under congenial conditions, by the care and labor of the men 
most interested in its improvement. 

The best types of vegetables are found in the market 
gardens surrounding the large cities, notably Paris, Berlin, 
London, Philadelphia, Boston and New York. Many of 
these gardeners have inherited the business from their 
fathers and grandfathers. They are constantly engaged in 
selecting and improving to obtain the best possible crops for 
market. By keeping a watchful eye on these gardeners and 
securing their co-operation, Peter Henderson & Co. have 
frequently been able to offer improved varieties which 
surpassed anything of the kind grown before. In such case, 
the specialist who has wrought the improvement continues 

to grow the seed stock 
under the care and su- 
pervision of the Hender- 
son corps of experts. The 
stock is then taken to 
the seed farmer in 
favored climates and 
soils, and grown in large 
quantities under per- 
sonal inspection. 

The growing of flower 
seeds and bulbs is like- 
wise assisted by a corps 
of auxiliary experts in 
all countries, and not- 
withstanding the fact 
that Peter Henderson 
& Co. believe their 
seeds, plants and bulbs 
to be as good as can be 
obtained, ihey are con- 
stantly on the alert for 
improvement. Each 
year their experts make 
tours through Europe, 
visiting the most noted 
specialists and hybri- 
dizers, and thus secur- 
ing new and improved 
varieties. Their grow- 
ing crops in this country 
are critically inspected, 
and carefully handled 
so that they will be pure 
and of the best quality. 
In the matter of price, 
Peter Henderson & Co. 
has always strived to be 
fair and just. It has 
never sacrificed quality 
to cheapness. Its 
methods of producing 
and testing seed stock 
are most exacting and necessarily expensive. Through 
adherence to the highest standard they have been enabled 
to furnish their patrons at all times only such seeds, bulbs 
and plants as have proven to be reliable and on which they 
are willing to stake their long-established reputation. 

The firm is looked upon as one of the most valued and 
honored assets of Jersey City's commercial life to-day. Its 
greenhouses and trial grounds on Arlington Avenue, Grand 
Street and the Hudson Boulevard lend a needed toucn of 
color to the landscape, and go a long ways towards instruct- 
ing the people of Jersey City towards the ideal of a City 
Beautiful, while it has spread the fame of Jersey City 
throughout the civilized world. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



35 



Archibald Alexander Campbell was born June 27, 1S55, 
in Williamsburg (Eastern District, Brooklyn), Long Island, 
and is the son of the late John Campbell, native of Scotland, 
and Josephine Warner his wife, of Colonial English and 
Dutch extraction. His parents moved to New York City 
two years after his birth, and to Jersey City about 1.S61. 
Mr. Campbell attended the old Jersey City Public School 
No. 1 until the spring of 1864, when change of residence 
took him to Public School No. 2, finishing his education at 
a private classical school kept by Prof. R. H. L. Tighe, who 
afterwards became an Episcopal clergyman. 

Although preparing to enter Stevens Institute of Tech- 
nology, the death of Mr. Campbell's father made it seem 
advisable for him to enter business life at once, and through 
the late Principal Charles L. Yerrington of Public School 
No. 2, he accepted the offer of the late Congressman 
Augustus A. Hardenbergh of a position in the Hudson 
County National Bank, 
where he served from June, 
1S72 to January, 1882, 
rising from junior clerk to 
head book-keeper. He re- 
signed this position to take 
charge of the financial and 
accounting department of 
the cooperage business of 
Richard Grant, his father- 
in-law, which business grew 
until at his resignation in 
1898 it had a volume of over 
$1,500,000 a year. 

Since 1898, Mr. Campbell 
has devoted much of his 
time and attention to his ex- 
tensive real estate interests 
in Jersey City. He is the 
owner of many large 
income-paying properties, 
principally in the business 
sections of the city, and has 
always had implicit faith in 
the city's future, which he 
has evidenced by large in- 
vestments. Outside of his 
business life, he has largely 
led that of the student, and 
takes more pleasure out of 
his library than from any 
social function or political 
honor, coming to the front 
only when called upon, or 
when a necessity arises 
where those who would he 
expected to take hold fail so 
to do. In fact, Mr. Campbell 
has in many cases worked hard to push others to the front. 
He has a library of some fifteen thousand rare volumes, 
consisting principally of history, travel, art, biography and 
belles lettres, and much data concerning the history of early 
New York and Jersey City as well as Scottish subjects is 
contained therein. 

Although never a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, circumstances early placed him in the congregation 
of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, it being the 
nearest Protestant church to his home. In Centenary 
Methodist Episcopal Church and Lafayette Methodist 
Episcopal Church he served as trustee for about twenty 
years in all. He was also treasurer of the Centenary 
Methodist Episcopal Church during the years of 1893 and 
■ 1894. For many years he was interested in the temperance 



cause, and especially during the eighties. He held a seat in 
all the conventions of 188S, and assisted at the nomination 
of Gen. Clinton B. Fisk for President at Indianapolis in tliat 
year. He was the prohibition candidate in 1888 for member 
of the Board of Public Works, and in 1889 for Member of 
Assembly for the Seventh District. In April, 1890, he was 
drawn by Sheriff John J. Toffey on the Grand Jury known 
as the Washburn Jury, and in January, 1908 was appointed 
member of the Board of Education from the Sixth Ward by 
Mayor Wittpenn. 

Moving to the Lafayette section of the city in 1894, he 
soon saw the need of radical street improvement, and setting 
actively at work was at once instrumental in having some of 
the streets paved that needed it, and old street pavements 
repaired and put into perfect condition. He also realized 
that the Lafayette section of the city was sadly in need of a 
suitable park, and headed a movement that was started in 

1895 advocating the purchase 
of a suitable plot for this 
purpose. With the backing 
of the Lafayette Citizens' 
Association, and as chair- 
man of its committee on 
parks, he fought the battle 
for long years, waking the 
citizens to action and popu- 
larizing the park idea, and 
in January, 1902, the victory 
was won by the purchase of 
the land, which was followed 
the next year by its improve- 
ment. The money for the 
purchase of Mary Benson 
Park and part of Columbia 
Park was taken from the 
bond issue authorized by an 
act passed March 2, 1898, 
and fathered by Assembly- 
man James J. Murphy in 
the interests of the Lafayette 
Citizens' Association. Mr. 
Campbell is now pleading 
for an extension to Lafayette 
Park, and the project has 
received much prominence 
in the daily press. 

As an encouragement to 
the young men of the Lafay- 
ette section of the city, Mr. 
Campbell in August, 1897, 
aided the King's Sons con- 
nected with the Lafayette 
Methodist Episcopal Church 
to establish a library, donat- 
ing over a thousand volumes 
for the purpose. On June 3, 1879, he married Mary 
M. Grant, and has living two daughters, Bessie Grant 
Campbell and Isobel Campbell. He is an Independent Re- 
publican and a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City, 
the Historical Society of Hudson County, the Sons of the 
Revolution in the State of New York, and the Saint Andrew's 
Society of New Jersey. 

John Campbell, grandfather of the subject, was born in 
the Parish of KiUin, Perthshire, Scotland, March 17, 1784. 
He was a Highlander of the Breadalbane branch of Clan 
Campbell, and an importer of mahogany into Great Britain. 
While prosecuting his business he died of fever and is 
buried in Belize, British Honduras, Central America. His 
wife was Margaret Millar, who was born in Kincardine on 
Forth River, Parish of TuUiallan, Scotland, December 6, 




Archibald A. Campbell. 



3(3 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




JOHN CAMPBELL. 
1815-1871. 



1796, and they were married at Dumferline by Rev. Mr. McFarlane April ^5 1814 She 
was a Lowlander. " ' • ^ ^ 

John Campbell, son of the above, and father of the subject, was born at Kincardine 
on the Forth River, Scotland, October 15, 1815, and baptized by Mr Beattie in the 
Kmcardme Meenng House, Sunday, October 29, 1815. At the death of his father when 
he was about ten years of age (his mother having died March fi, 1S19 when he was less 
than four), he was apprenticed to an Irish Quaker who had married his aunt on the 
maternal side. He lived in Ireland until he came to America when about twenty-five and 
was married Junes, 1846. His final citizens' papers were granted November 3 1851 
and he attached himself to the Republican party, becoming a strong admirer of Abraham 
Lincoln and supporting him in his policies faithfully. He died in Jersey City April ^8 
18/1. He was an importer of china, having large warehouses in Jersey City " ' 

,u. r"'!" i°' m Campbells were born in Perthshire, which is the county where was raised 
the first Highland regiment, the famous Forty-second (Black Watch), officered and 
manned largely by members of the Clan Campbell, which covered the retreat at Fontenoy 
and has been engaged in numerous battles since that time. The Forty-second wears a 
tartan similar to the Campbell tartan. 

isiQ-'T.?-"^,'^"""'';^' "^""f of the subject, was born in New York City, February 12, 
1819, died in Jersey City July 26, 1889, and was descended from John Warner who was 
born in Yonkers in 1737 and died June 23, 1829. He was captain in the American 



The present residence of Mr. Campbell, at the nortwest corner of Pacific Avenue and Halkd=,v ^fr.., ;= . f , 
houses which were bu t n the earlv fiffip<; hv K-pf>r,^„ Hr Hoiin-i„. i "venue ana Halladay Street, is one of four 

that section of the city. They were larS instrumem.HnVwin;^' . p° ""p^'a ""°"^ ''^" P'°"^'^'" ''^^ ^^'^'^ i"^'estors in 
that time its aspect Ls fa/SeSl'Th? : nt b^ ^ 

passengers. A veritable bower of massive maple treershideH it TnHrhPnnl the tiolleys carry their thousands of 

across Mill Creek. That portion of Grand S eet a tSt time ho.sted .11 T V° ?'"'^ ^'''^' ^^^ ^^ ^ P'''"'^ ^'''"'^ 
tide, and travel was most fnfreciuent,^fr;ertTat"l:rd ryet^^uaine^'i ue'ptm m'fnc:" ^^^''"^""^ """"^^ ^'' '^^ 

The four houses comprised the present Campbell home and the Divid Hp wiV^l u 

and on the east side the St. John and Case houses On le next bL^ was the D H She°" " T'^ '"' "[ '^^ '''""^• 
corner of Pacific and Communipaw Avenues the Hcob Van Ho, pp J^. h ^^ ^^^™'''' house, on the southwest 
house, which was afterwards completXs™nLd with ^n^ the northwest corner the Powell 

These with the Slater house the SetehTuseandl d^^^^ '' "^'''^^ the Kopido store, 

the father of ex-Senator Edwards were orTc^fcaTv he onrrP^fnlntp • ? McKmght and William W. Edwards, 

Poivell, and conducted a dry dock in Jersey City for many -^^^^^ ^'^^' "^"o built the Hudson River steamboat Mary 
years. After his death, Mr. Campbell bought the house 
from the Allison heirs. 

Mr. Campbell is still working on his park project for 
Lafayette, which he hopes to consummate in the near future 
Lafayette is growing, and Mr. Campbell's scheme has for 
one of Its principal aims the object of building a parkway that 
will enable drivers and automobilists to get off of the beaten 
path of the Boulevard and make a detour around a portion 
of the city with which they are not now familiar, thus 
bringing Lafayette into greater prominence than it is at 
present and furnishing it with connecting links to the Boule- 
vard, besides furnishing a pleasant diversion to the route 
now used from the Pennsylvania ferry to the Boulevard by 
making a parkway through Colgate Street from Mercer 
Street to the Lafayette Park and then through Woodward 
and Union Streets to the Boulevard. 

Mr. Campbell has been a resident of Lafayette and 
adjacent sections for the greater part of his life and has 
studied the real estate conditions there until he is thoroushlv 
convinced that his scheme is a good one 




CAMPBELL-ALLISON-HlLL HOMESTEAD. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



37 



Walter Gregory Muirheid was born in Jersey City 
September 10, 1S70, and is the son of the late William 
Muirheid, who was for many years the law partner of the 
late Joseph D. Bedle and Flavel McGee. He received his 
education at Hasbrouck Institute, from which he graduated 
in 1889, and for over a year read law in the office of Bedle, 
Muirheid and McGee. At the death of his father in 1S92, 
he abandoned the study of the law, and with James W. 
McCarthy as a partner, purchased from the late John 
Dingwall and Frank J. Higgins the society weekly known 
as Town Talk. 

Mr. Muirheid had always shown a decided taste for 
journalism and in his early days had published an amateur 
monthly known as Genius, with the late Walter Collins, son 
of Gilbert Collins; Frederick M. Hilton, now one of New 
York's most successful real estate brokers; Charles H. 
Valentine and Nelson B. Sherill as his associates. 

Toirn Talk had an interest- 
ing career. It had as a rival 
the famous Tempest, of which 
Creswell Maclaughlin was 
the sponsor, and for a time 
the rivalry was keen, but 
lack of proper support on 
the part of the public after 
about two years put an end 
to the career of both of the 
publications. In company 
with William H. Speer, now 
Supreme Court Justice, he 
published in 1893 a weekly 
known as The Social Season, 
which likewise died from 
lack of proper support. 

This did not deter Mr. 
Muirheid in his journalistic 
career, however, and he 
shortly afterwards connected 
himself with the Jersey City 
Evening Journal, a position 
which he has held ever since. 
His first work on the Journal 
was during the bicycle craze 
of 1895 and 1S96, when he 
wrote for them a column 
known as "Wheels and 
Riders." After this craze 
had died out, he turned his 
attention to society, and the 
column which was published 
from his pen during the sea- 
sons of 1897 and 1S98 under 
the heading of "Social 
Events" formed the nucleus 
of the society feature of the 
paper to-day, which is now covered by a large number of 
feminine reporters. 

From his first connection with the Journal, Mr. Muirheid 
turned his attention to real estate matters, and made such a 
study of this phase of the news that the social department of 
the paper was soon given over to others in order that he 
might devote all his time to that branch of the work, with 
the result that a special real estate department was started in 
the Journal that has since become famous in the newspaper 
world and has served as a model for many contemporaries 
throughout the country. Mr. Muirheid was the first to 
introduce special real estate editions in New Jersey, and 
twelve- and sixteen-page annual supplements from his 
pen have been a feature of the Journal for several years. On 
May, 1, 1905, he was appointed real estate editor of the 



Walter G. Muirheid. 



Eveninii Journal, and since that time has introduced many 
novelties in the real estate field, notably an educational 
campaign under the title of " Valuable Facts for Real Estate 
Men," and a recent series of articles on "A City Plan for 
Jersey City." 

In 1895, Mayor Wanser appointed Mr. Muirheid Court 
House Clerk to the Board of Tax Commissioners, and his 
first task of importance in this position was the compila- 
tion of a new set of field books in accordance with the 
Fowler official assessment maps which had just been con- 
firmed by the city. From the crude records that had done 
duty since the consolidation of the city, Mr. Muirheid evolved 
the ground work for a complete reassessment of the real 
estate of the city, discovering many parcels that had never 
been assessed for taxes, calling the attention of the authorities 
to many duplicate assessments that had been carried on the 
books for years, and dividing many tracts that had hitherto 

been assessed in acres. At 
the suggestion of the late 
James H. Love, then presi- 
dent of the Tax Commis- 
sioners, he devised a system 
of records of real estate 
transfers, which is still in use 
by the municipal authorities. 
On January 1.^, 1904, Mr. 
Muiiheid was appointed sec- 
retary of the Hudson County 
Park Commission, which at 
that tirne consisted of the late 
James H. Love, William J. 
Davis, Palmer Campbell and 
John W. Hardenbergh. His 
knowledge of real estate con- 
ditions in Hudson County 
served him well in this 
position, and he at once began 
a thorough study of the park 
situation throughout the 
country, as especially applied 
to the acquisition of a park 
system in Hudson Coimty. 
He has rendered valuable 
service to the Commission 
since that time. 

Upon the death of the late 
William J. Tait, after the 
office had been temporarily 
held foi- a few months by 
Percy A. Gaddis, Mr. Muir- 
heid was elected, on Feb- 
ruary 14, 1905, secretary of 
the Board of Trade of Jersey 
City, a position which he still 
holds. Mr. Muirheid has 




been especially fortunate in having been connected with the 
Board during the most successful period of its career, and 
has seen its membership more than double since he has 
been in office. 

He is an officer of the Pleiades Club, one of the most 
noted Bohemian organizations of New York City, devoted 
to the allied arts of literature, drama, music and science, and 
as such has assisted in the entertainment of many of the 
most famous people of the present century. During the 
present year he has served as secretary of the Citizens' 
Committee of Two Hundred on Memorial Day Celebration, 
and secretary of the Committee of Thirty and its Committee 
on Plan and Scope of the Celebration of the Opening of the 
McAdoo Tunnel between Jersey City and New York. Mr. 
Muirheid is married and resides at 214 Jewett Avenue. 



38 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Hugh Hartshorne was born in Monmouth County, New 
Jersey, May 7th, 1857, and is a descendant of Richard 
Hartshorne, who came from England in ISGCi, and settled in 
the Highlands of Navesink, New Jersey. He received his 
early education at home, and later attended the Cornwall 
Heights, New York School. 

In 1<S83 he became a member of 
the New York Produce Exchange, 
and ten years later purchased a 
seat on the New York Stock Ex- 
change. In 1895 he became a 
member of the brokerage firm of 
De Coppet & Doremus, which firm 
afterwards became one of the 
largest of its class in New York, 
having seven members on the 
Stock Exchange. 

Mr. Hartshorne retired from 
active business in June, 1908, but 
still retains his membership in the 
New York Stock Exchange. He is 
a member of the American Forestry 
Association, the Lincoln Associa- 
tion of Jersey City, the Seabright 
Lawn Tennis Club, the Meadow 
Yacht Club, the New York and 
New Jersey Whist Club, the Car- 
teret Club, the Jersey City Club, 
the Jersey City Gun Club and the 
Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

While Mr. Hartshorne does not 
take as active a part in civic matters 
as some of the other leading citizens, he is always one of the 
first to whom they look for moral and financial support, and 




HUGH HARTSHORNE. 



city is considered complete without his name. To these 
moveinents he is always ready to devote his time and 
attention, and his sound, conservative judgment is of great 
value and safety to those who perhaps through an undue 
amount of enthusiasm are inclined to act hastily. His views 
on civic matters are always good 
ones, and those who know him 
have learned of what great value 
is consultation with him in these 
matters. 

During the season of the Board 
of Trade of Jersey City, there is 
seldom a meeting that he does not 
attend, and follows with deep in- 
terest all that is said and done. 
He seldom takes an active part in 
the discussions, but it is probable 
that he weighs them much more 
carefully than the average attendant 
at the meeting, and when the vote 
is cast, his vote is the result of 
mature deliberation and considera- 
tion of all sides of the subject. 
Such men are a decided acquisition 
to Jersey City, and it is regretable 
that there are not more of Mr. 
Hartshorne's calibre. 

At the southwest corner of Bergen 
and Bentley Avenues is Mr. Hart- 
shorne's residence, which is con- 
sidered one of the most artistic in 
the exclusi\'e residential section of 
Bergen. It is a model of residential and landscape archi- 
tecture, and a notable contribution to the City Beautiful, 



no coiTimittee of citizens for any movement to benefit the which is the aim and ambition of Jersey City of to-day. 



LIVINGSTON GIFFORD comes of North of England 
ancestors who came to this country in early colonial times 
and setded on farms along the Hudson River. For several 
generations they were conspicious among the thrifty and 
progressive men who made Hudson Valley one of the richest 
parts of the country. In the last generation George Gifford 
was born and brought up on a farm in Dutchess County, 
New York. He educated himself, and did it to so good 
purpose that he was able to become a school-teacher. Then 
he came to New York City about 1840, and entered the 
legal profession. In that he was chiefly self-taught, but his 
preparation was thorough and his success at the bar prompt 
and unmistakable. He was in all respects a fine type of 
the self-made man. He married Eleanor G. Van Ranst, 
whose ancestors had come from Holland about the year 
1700 and settled on Manhattan Island. His mother was of 
the Willett family. 

The son of this couple, Livingston, was born in the Town 
of Bergen, September 8, 1855. He was educated with all 
possible care and thoroughness, and prepared for college at 
Phillip Academy, Andover, Mass. Thence he went to Yale 
College, where he took the mechanical engineering course, 
and graduated in 1875. He attended the Columbia College 
Law School and took his degree in 1877. He was admitted 
to the bar and entered into partnership with his father under 
the firm name of Gifford & Gifford. This partnership 
terminated with the death of George Gifford in 1882. The 
firm of Gifford & Brown was formed soon afterward, and 
continued for several years, and in 1894 Mr. Gifford entered 
into partnership with his present associate under the firm 
name of Gifford & Bull. Mr. Gifford married in 1884, his 
bride being Marie L. Davis of Richmond, Virginia. One 
child, a daughter, has been born to them, to whom they 
have given the name of Evelyn. 



The present law firm of Gifford & Bull has a large and 
interesting practice, making a specialty of litigation in the 
United States courts touching upon patents, and its office at 
141 Broadway, Manhattan, is a busy one. The firm is 
connected as counsel with several large companies and 
corporations, and its members have practiced in almost 
every circuit in the United States. Its litigations have 
related to inventions in almost every branch of chemistry, 
electricity and mechanism. Among the cases in which it 
has served as counsel have been some relating to telegraphs, 
telephones, coal tar dyes, electric arc and incandescent 
lights, electric motors, sewing machinery, looms, mechanical 
rubber goods, rubber boots and shoes, bicycle and automo- 
bile tires, automobiles, motor boats, aeroplanes, converters, 
dynainos, linoleum, wagons, hoisting apparatus, refrigerators, 
textiles, lamps, nails, dynamite and railroad cars. This 
list does not exhaust the variety of the firm's legal activities, 
but gives merely some notion of the range of topics that its 
members have dealt with as experts. It remains to be added 
that in all these cases Mr. Gifford has attained a gratifying 
and most creditable measure of success. 

Mr. Gifford resides in the old Gifford homestead at the 
southwest corner of Bergen and Gifford Avenues, and it 
was through his personal effort that Gifford Avenue was 
opened, and plots sold under proper restrictions, so that it 
is now the leading residental thoroughfare of the city, the 
value of the land and buildings on its two blocks from 
Bergen to Westside Avenue aggregating considerably over a 
million dollars. His example in laying out this avenue 
with these restrictions might well have been followed 
by other large owners. Mr. Gifford is a meinber of the 
Board of Trade of Jersey City, and a strong supporter 
of any movement tending towards the advancement of 
the city. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO DAY. 



39 



No review of the history of Jersey City would be complete 
without describing in detail the house-furnishing trade with 
which its growth is inseparably connected. With the city 
rapidly expanding and the dwellings extending further and 
further out, transforming these houses into comfortable 
homes with attractive furnishings became an important 
feature of the city's development. 

Feeling that in Jersey City and surrounding territory an 
opportunity was presented for his activities, John Mullins laid 
the foundation of the house-furnishing trade. He built for the 
future on original lines. « 

As the pioneer of the credit system, little did he think on 
that eventful day, forty years ago, that in years to come 
thousands and thousands of families would be indebted to 
his plans and enterprise for increased comforts and added 
luxuries in their homes, and tiiat his methods would be 
copied from one end of the country to the other. 

The John Mullins' store is one of the oldest of its kind in 
America, and the history of this establishment is the history 
of house-furnishing in Jersey City and the state. 

From small beginnings the business grew. Determined 
not to tread the path of the common-place, but keeping a 
step ahead, with a store alive, wide awake, abreast of the 



These stores were installed with every modern appliance ; 
commodious, high airspace, comfortable, attractive, perfectly 
equipped for the outfitting of homes. Each department was 
arranged on a separate floor, giving ample room for the dis- 
play of nearly ten thousand separate and distinct pieces and 
varieties of furniture and merchandize. These articles 
arranged in their various stores are recognized throughout 
the furniture trade as the most exhaustive display of samples 
ever shown by a single dealer. Buying and distributing as 
they do in immense quantities, their operations have long 
been known as the greatest furniture business of the east. 

To keep the quality of merchandise up to the high standard 
established at the foundation of the store, numerous lines of 
goods were especially made for them, manufacturers were 
directed in the making of many articles, and extra quality of 
material and workmanship was demanded. 

Pianos and sewing machines bearing their name are 
notable examples of the extent to which they have gone to 
produce a standard grade of goods, which they knew were 
well made, and could be thoroughly recommended. After 
receiving goods thus made every known test is applied to 
insure that the requirements have been fully met, and that 
they measure up to the Mullins' standard. That the public 




Mullins & Sons. 



times, and resolving that every article he sold should be not 
only as represented, but beyond that of such value that a per 
nianent friend would be made, the business became more 
than a store, a public institution. Friends thus made were 
loyal friends, and when they were obliged to move into 
other communities, many returned to John Mullins for their 
household needs. 

Value was the watchword from the first. Without agents, 
without gifts, without premiums, without coinmissions, the 
goods were to stand on their merits, and the steady and 
splendid growth of the store became a monument to the 
initiative, persistence and business sagacity of its founder. 

Demands in time came for other articles of household use 
and the foundation was laid for expansion into other lines. 
Pianos, sewing machines, crockery, office fixtures, bedding 
and many other articles were added in rapid succession. 
Stores were established in Newark and Brooklyn, and these 
were soon operated in their own splendid buildings. 

In the eighties the firm became known as Mullins & Sons. 
Increased business, extending all over northern New Jersey 
and into what is now Greater New York, required frequent 
and extended additions to their buildings. 



appreciate this fact is shown by the sale of fifty pianos or a 
hundred sewing machines during a single sale. 

The Mullins' stores aim to insure for all the people the 
best their money can buy, the pleasantest and most con- 
venient store arrangement, the most courteous service from 
every employee. 

The Mullins' stores appeal to no fads and no preferences. 
There is a wide variety of merchandize rightly called in- 
expensive, there is absolute elimination of trash, which has 
nothing but cheapness to recoinmend it. For the family of 
larger means, enough to warrant luxury, there is a superior 
stock of assured quality that appeals to good sense, critical 
taste and sound values always to be depended upon. 

With such a grand, pleasing and varied assortment of 
home furnishings selecting of the wanted suits and pieces 
is quick and pleasing, allowing a wide choice where in- 
dividuality is desired. 

These extensive distributors of high-grade merchandise, 
constantly endeavoring to improve its quality and appearance 
and reduce its cost, have raised the standard of house-furnish- 
ing in stimulating the public to a higher appreciation of 
more pleasing, durable and artistic furniture. 



40 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




DAVID R. Daly, one of the best known men in Jersey City and a leader in any 
movement for civic advancement, was born in Piermont, New York, on June 8, 1853. 
Mr. Daly is one of the many prominent men who received their early education in the 
old Public School No. 1 on York Street. Under the strict but thorough and effective 
tuition of George H. Lindsley, Mr. Daly was taught the rudiments of a business life, and 
the success which he has since attained is but synonomous with the success of many 
others who learned their first lessons of life in that institution of learning which has since 
proven to have been so important a factor in the early history of Jersey City. 

The business of J. H. Gautier & Company, dealers in iron crucibles at the foot of 
Greene Street, Jersey City, was established in 1858, and Mr. Daly entered its employ in 
a minor capacity on July 1, 1864. Since that time he has continued with that firm, 
devoting his whole time and attention to its welfare, and steadily advancing until he is 
to day its vice-president and treasurer, as well as its most active member. Through his 
association with the firm its business has steadily increased, and it now stands high in the 
ranks of the representative manufacturing corporations of New Jersey. Its goods are 
shipped to all parts of the world, and thus spread the fame of Jersey City broadcast. 



Mark M. pagan, one of the most energetic and effective mayors Jersey City ever 
had, was born in Jersey City, September 29, 1869, and early became identified with the 
politics of his birthplace. He was elected mayor of Jersey City for the first time in 1 90 1 , 
re-elected in 1903, and by a still larger majority re-elected in 1905. He was defeated 
by H. Otto Wittpenn in 1907. He is a strenuous advocate of political justice, and his 
campaigns were memorable in the history of the city. 

During his administration he bought a site for a new high school, since completed ; 
began the construction of a new city hospital, since completed ; built the city's first Free 
Public Bath; began new Public School No. 11, since completed; completed School No. 
2 ; gave the people free concerts in the city parks ; maintained free dispensaries for the 
sick ; made the corporations pay more taxes and the railroads pay increased taxes on 
their terminal properties ; materially improved the street cleaning department ; settled a 
twenty year controversy over Erie Elevator taxes, securing to the city $261,000 in back 
taxes ; put the fire houses in complete repair, and made extensive repairs and extensions 
to sewers. Mr. Fagan is a member of several secret societies, political clubs and 
charitable organizations. He is at present engaged in the undertaking business at Jersey 
Avenue. 




fJCG 




THEODORE L. BIERCK was born in Brooklyn, New York, on February 4, 1879. 
He attended the grammar schools in New York City and received his later education at 
the Jersey City High School and Temple College, Philadelphia. He was elected to 
the House of Assembly on the Republican ticket in November, 1905, and in 1907 was 
appointed by Mayor Fagan a member of the Board cf Fire Commissioners, and a few 
weeks thereafter was elected president of the Board of Police Commissioners of Jersey 
City. He is engaged in business at 80 South Street, New York City. 

Mr. Bierck was the founder of the Pierian Society of the Jersey City High School, 
and is now president of the Pierian Alumni Association. His inclinations are literary, 
and he has written many articles which have been accepted and published by the leading 
magazines. He is opposed to machine politics, and was one of Mayor Pagan's advisers 
and strong champions. Mr. Bierck is a member of Eagle Lodge No. 53, F. and A. M. 
and of several clubs. 

While in the House of Assembly he introduced a measure prohibiting corporations 
from contributing to the campaign funds of political parties, and was active in his 
endeavors to secure the direct primary laws. 



The first regular theatre in Jersey City was the Academy of Music, situated at the 
junction of Gregory and York Streets. The Academy was, in its first stage, a hall over 
Kepler's Market and was afterwards converted into a theatre and opened in 1877 by the 
Emma Abbott Opera Co. It was a second story place, little more than a hall with a 
square balcony and gallery, like a church. It was in this shape when William Henderson, 
a well-known New York manager came to it to produce a play, a dramatization of "La 
Maitre De Forge " by George Onet, and dramatized by Mrs. Ettie Henderson. The play 
was called '"Claire and The Forge Master." During this engagement Mr. Henderson 
became interested in the theatre and leased it. 

After two years he purchased the property, tearing out the interior of the building, 
changed it into a handsome playhouse, opened it on September 15, IS87, the attraction 
being Minnie Maddern, now known as Minnie Maddern Fisk, and the play was 
" Featherbrain." Mr. Henderson died in 1889, and the theatre passed into the hands of 
his widow, Mrs. Ettie Henderson, who, with her son as business manager, successfully 
conducted the house until 1899, when for one year the house was managed by Charles 
Frohman. at the end of which time it passed into the hands of Mrs. Henderson's son, 
FRANK E. HENDERSON, the present manager. 




JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



41 




ANDRE^X' J. CORCORAN was born in Dublin in 1841. His father, who was a 
blacksmith, removed to New York in 1846, and carried on his trade at the corner of 
Warren and Washington Streets for ten years, removing his business to South Brooklyn 
in 1856. His father wanted him to learn the blacksmith trade, but his bent being for 
machinery, he left his home in 1857, and went to Syracuse, N. Y., to serve an apprentice- 
ship, and at the age of twenty-one he became a journeyman. Subsequently he went to 
Marcellus, a town twelve miles from Syracuse, to build some machinery for a manu- 
facturing firm there. While working in this town, a man named Mills appeared with a 
windmill pump, and it made such a strong impression upon Mr. Corcoran that it decided 
his course in life. He perfected the mechanical devices contained in Mr. Mills' crude 
machine, and it was so successful that Mr. Mills bought the entire plant in which Mr. 
Corcoran was employed, and turned it into a windmill manufactory. Mr. Corcoran became 
superintendent, and, after much labor, produced the first windmill that was self-regulating. 
It took the prize at the Rochester Fair in 1862. At this period he met with an accident 
which it was thought had made him permanently blind. He was using babbitt metal and 
it exploded in his face. While he was suffering he was drafted for the army, but was 
excused on account of his blindness. He slowly recovered his sight. Mr. Corcoran 
represented the Empire Windmill Company for a time, and after that went into business 



on his own account. He was at one time president of the Board of Trade. 

BENJAMIN MURPHY entered the police force of Jersey City in April, 1873, and 
served continuously in various grades until December 14th, 1906, when he retired. His 
military training of four years in the Civil War, when he served in the 8th New Jersey 
Infantry in all ranks of the service from private to captain, and his six years service as 
captain in the National Guard gave him an unusual training to fit him for a commander of 
men where strict discipline is absolutely necessary to efficient service. 

In August. 1879, the Board of Police Commissioners were a political tie. No 
business was transacted on that account from April until August when a deal was 
effected whereby the Democrats got the president of the board and the clerk, and the 
Republicans were given the Chief. 

Chief Murphy, who at that time was a sergeant, was promoted to the office of Chief 
and held that rank until his retirement, over twenty-seven years. In a few months after 
his retirement the subject procured a license to maintain a detective agency under the 
the name of the Chief Murphy Bureau of Inquiry, securing rooms in the Lincoln Trust 
Building, with a corps of experienced operators engaged in solving problems brought to 
him for inquiry. He continued in this business until his death. Chief Murphy was one 
of the best-known men in Jersey City, and had a host of friends. 

John H. WEASTELL was born in Sunderland, County 
Durham, England, September 16, 1857. He came to 
America in 1870 and entered the service of the Erie Railroad 
Company in 1872 as office boy, where he was promoted in 
the same year to assistant delivery clerk, in 1875 to assistant 
receiving clerk, and in 1878 to chief receiving clerk, from 
which position he retired in 1882 to enter the dairy produce 
business on his own account, which business he rapidly 
increased from one wagon bought of Judge James S. Erwin 
to eight large routes with five offices. 

On July 5, 1894, he was appointed by Mayor Wanser 
ward line commissioner, and as such established the wards 
in Jersey City as they exist to-day. On July 25, li~l99, 
President McKinley appointed him supervisor of census of 
the First District of New Jersey which comprised all Hudson 
County, and December 13, 1899, he was appointed super- 




JOHN H. FlCKEN was born in Oldendorf, Amt Zelven, 
Hanover, Germany, July 13, 1840. When sixteen years of 
age he came to America and setded in Brooklyn, N. Y., 
where he obtained a position as a clerk in a grocery store 
and remained five years. In 1862 he entered the service of 
the Pullman Palace Car Company as a ticket agent at the 
Erie station in Jersey City. He retained that position until 
1.S73, and in Api'il of 1S74 he decided to engage in business 
for himself He opened a livery stable on Communipaw 
Avenue, where he remained until 1SS4, at which time he 
began the erection of his present structure at the corner of 
Arlington Avenue and Harmon Street, which he has 
occupied ever since. 

Mr. Ficken is a member of the Royal Arcanum, the 
American Legion of Honor and several other similar 
organizations. On January 4, 1874, Mr. Ficken married 



visor of the industrial census of the same district. He has 
taken an active part in the municipal life of Jersey City, and 
the positions which he has held under Mayor Fagan have 
been president of board of appeals in cases of taxation, 
appointed January 1, 1902; president of commissioners of 
assessment, appointed January I, 1903 and member of the 
board of tax commissioners, to which he was appointed 
January 1, 1904 and elected president in 1906. 

On December 24, 1876, he married Miss Martha Emma 
Adams of Jersey City, and fourteen children were born to 
them. He is president of the Progressive Realty and Con- 
struction Company and director of the Colonial Building 
and Loan Association and the Wallman Manufacturing 
Company. Mr. Weastell is probably one of the best known 
men in Fludson County to-day, and his genial manner and 
sound business methods have made him scores of friends. 

Miss Lena Landmesser, daughter of Charles Landmesser, 
of New Brunswick, N. J. Mr. and Mrs. Ficken are 
members of the First Presbyterian Church of Jersey City, 
and are deeply interested in all Christian and charitable 
work of that congregation. 

The manner in which the Ficken plant has grown is 
exemplified by the extensions and additions that have been 
mrde to the buildings, all of which he owns. From a small 
project with a modest beginning, it has grown to one of the 
leading concerns of its kind in the state of New Jersey, and is 
well-known in every part of the state. Through a special 
system of ventilation, all furniture and merchandise placed 
in its care is protected from mildew and dampness, and it 
is the cheapest and safest storage house in the city. The 
warehouses are now known as 4 1 3 to 4 1 9 Arlington Avenue, 
corner of Grand Street, and 46 to 50 Harmon Street. 




trts ^^ *"tVo 



MAN y FACTU R.ERS 



'i y ' ^r''^ * '*'^ * ' ' '? ' ^* ' ^-''''^'^"^''"*''''^'"^"-'"''-^''""'*'''^^^ 



By John J. Voorhees. 



The lurid glow of a thousand forges, the ringing of 
myriad sledges against uncounted anvils, the whir of 
giant wheels, the hiss of steam, the humming of hundreds 
of electric motors, these tell the story of Jersey City's 
industrial supremacy in the Garden State. The unwrit- 
ten music of the factory wheel is the melody which 
through the busy day cheers thousands of workers to 
new effort. Sweeter than the tones of a mighty organ 
are the throbbing notes of the machinery to those who 
must look to Vulcan for their daily bread. 

The transformation of the tranquil town of a hundred 
years ago to the great and influential manufacturing and 
industrial capital of to-day has been gradual. Slowly 
but steadily the change has been brought about. In 
those sections of the city that have been dedicated to 
labor great temples of industry have reared their spires 
of brick and steel above the modest structures that once 
sheltered Jersey City's early day inhabitants. But the 
end is not in sight. The Jersey City of to-day is to 
the Jersey City of thirty years hence what the city of a 
third of a century ago was to the present day city. 

Like the mills of the gods in the ancient Greek a.xiom, 
the mills of Jersey City "grind exceeding fine." But 
here the simile must end, to be supplanted by antithesis, 
for unlike the mills of the gods, those of Jersey City do 
not grind slowly. Each year sees more wheels turning 



and each day their revolutions are more rapid, while 
each new wheel and each gain in speed means employ- 
ment for at least one more pair of willing hands and 
daily bread for at least one more Jersey citizen. 

Jersey City has seen what other cities have failed to 
note, the universal benefit resultant from the additional 
wheel in the factory. The daily stipend paid to each 
new worker means much more than the mere feeding 
and clothing of the worker himself. It means more 
money in circulation in local business circles, increased 
patronage for all lines of retail business, increased pros- 
perity for all Jersey City. After all, the little things, the 
atoms of commerce, as it were, are the things that go to 
build up the prosperity of a city. Every working man 
or woman is a money earner and money spender. 
Every dollar spent means a gain, however slight, in 
some business man's resources. 

Realizing this, Jersey City set for herself the task of 
adding additional workers to her population. Of course 
the task has not been completed. In fact, it will never 
be completed, for the work is an interminable one, 
there being no limit to the possibilities within the grasp 
of the wide awake New Jersey metropolis. Jersey 
City'sindustries were once classed as "infant." From 
the beginning they have passed on through the adoles- 
cent stage and are now in their prime, prosperous and 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



mature. For the fostering of the city's interests of this 
nature the people of Jersey City have adopted a system 
of protection far more effective than the Dingiey tariff, 
and under this system the manufacturing business has 
expanded and flourished. The patronizing of home 
manufactures is, in substance, this simple system of 
protection. More loyal to their city than to their pocket- 
books, the residents of Jersey City, or the majority of 
them, have bought and used Jersey City made goods 
even when products brought in from the outside world 
were to be had at lower prices. Not that such loyalty 
was often necessary, for, as a rule, Jersey City manu- 
facturers have been able to compete with the whole 
world, even cutting prices fixed by the great trusts. 

Such unwavering loyalty and determination to build 
up a prosperous city, full of prosperous and contented 
people, despite every obstacle encountered, have had 
their results. Jersey City to-day stands without a peer 
in New Jersey. Her manufacturers and jobbers lead 
the way for the manufacturers and jobbers of rival cities. 
Even the breaking of the boom a score of years ago, 
resulting in business stagnation in some New Jersey 
cities from which those places did not recover for many 
years, had but little ill effect on Jersey City, and such 
depression as did result soon passed away never to 
return. 

As Jersey City's industries have grown in the past, 
they will continue to grow in the future. The building 
up of home enterprises by means of united patronage 
has become a permanent habit with the majority of the 
people of the city. 

The thousands of loaded freight trains, those modern 





Jersey City Houses. 



JERSEY CITY HOUSES. 



caravans that glide across the face of the globe, which 
leave Jersey City each year for the four corners of the 
earth, bear, for the most part, things that are made in 
the city's thousands of manufacturing establishments. 
And it must be borne in mind that these trains carry 
away only the surplus products, that part of the output 
not needed at home. Jersey City may be said to be 
almost self sustaining. Few articles of daily necessity 
and need may be named which can not be found among 
the things turned out by some of the city's hundreds of 
factories. New Jersey is not the sole customer for this 
varied output. Jersey City made goods find their way 
to the Atlantic and Pacific, to Canada and to the Gulf 
of Mexico, and even across the seas to far off foreign 
lands. A city is known by its workers, by those of its 
inhabitants who toil with their hands for daily wage. 
If its working people are contented and satisfied, men 
and women for whom life holds forth pleasure and 
enjoyment, then the city is advancing toward fresh 
victories and successes and new heights of achievement. 
If, on the other hand, the workers of a city are of 
sullen mood, agitated by discontent and dissatisfaction, 
then that city need hope for little from the hand of 
fortune. Jersey City toilers are of the former class. 
Blessed by fate, their lot is happy, their life blissful. 
Such cities are sought by employers of labor every- 
where. Seldom, however, does the seeker find such 
well-nigh perfect conditions as exist in Jersey City. 

Certainly the city is the manufacturing and industrial 
community of the metropolitan district, blessed with a 
future beyond the dreams of the most optimistic. 



44 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




C-Tcorau Windmill. Shrewsbury Kiver, N. J. 

Twenty years ago the product was valued at about $1,000,- 
000.00 and only 600 men and $700,000 were engaged in this 
industry. 

The only notable windmill establishment in the eastern 
states is that of Andrew J. Corcoran of Jersey City, who may 
properly be called a pioneer in the 
line of this extensive industry in 
this country. In 1850 he had hut 
one competitor. At the age of forty- 
one years he had forty employes 
engaged in the construction and 
erection of windmills. Now his 
plant covers one-half of a city 
block and is wholly devoted to 
this industry ; the construction of 
windmills, water pumps and tanks 
as a specialty. 

Mr. Corcoran, having made a 
life study of windmills, has appre- 
ciated the fact that durability of 
construction is the essential re- 
quirement in the building up of a 
successful and permanent busi- 
ness. Every machine of his manufacture is sold under a 
positive guarantee, and the reputation obtained by the 
Corcoran windmill has brought him a high class of trade. 

In some sections of our vast country there is much territory 
that has had a spasmodic or mushroom growth. All sorts of 



The date at which windmills were first erected 
is uncertain, but it is an established fact that 
they were known in Europe as early as the 
twelfth century. They are now extensively 
used in Holland and are popular in many other 
foreign countries, but in none so much as in 
America. 

In spite of the competition of more powerful 
and more tractable motors, windmills may 
often be utilized with great success and 
economy. Especially is this the case where 
fuel is scarce, and for work which can be done 
intermittently. They are successfully used for 
irrigation, farm machinery, and mine pumping, 
and few country homes or farms are complete 
without their windmills. 

The windmill manufacturers in the United 
States employ a capital of over $4,000,000.00 
and give work to 2,000 wage earners, paying 
them about $1,000,000.00 annually. The value 
of their product approximates $4,500,000.00. 
mining and irrigation 




Corcoran WindmiU, Sea Bright 





Corcoran Windmill, Point Jiitiith 



dinners have become noted, and are attended 
by many prominent men. 

It has for many years been the custom in his 
factory, in case of illness of an employe, to 
allow wages in full during the first week of 
absence and half wages thereafter until re- 
covery. 

For seven years Mr. Corcoran was the 
leader in the popular movement to compel the 
Erie Railroad to elevate its tracks in Jersey 
City, acting as treasurer of the association 
formed for that purpose. In any matter which 
affects the public interests, regardless of any 
personal inconvenience, he is ever one of thf 
foremost to take up the battle. 

Besides building up his successful windmill 
industry, Mr. Corcoran is actively identified 
wi'h several prominent New Jersey institutions. 
He was president of the Jersey City Board o' 
Trade for two terms and is public-spirited and 
active in all matters affecting the city and state. 



problems have been encountered, 
creanng a demand for a temporary power. Several western 
manufacturers have been constructing low-priced windmills 
to meet the demand, but this class of work does not satisfy 
the requirements of those desiring a machine that can be 

depended upon under all weather 
conditions, and consequently they 
do not enter into competition with 
the Corcoran windmills. 

Mr. Corcoran was most fortu- 
nate in locating this industry, as 
the demand in the East is almost 
entirely for high class work in this 
line. Over fifty per cent, of his 
output is shipped to foreign coun- 
tries, his export trade being much 
more extensive than that of any 
other manufacturer in the same 
line. He takes great pride in the 
number of high class skilled work- 
men in his employ, and believes 
that no man is of more importance 
to the nation than the producer. 
If every employer would show the same consideration to his 
men, labor troubles would be unknown. He has never had a 
strike or any difficulty with his help. For the past twenty- 
seven years he has given elaborate Christmas dinners in 
recognition of the faithfulness of his employes. These 




JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



45 



The corner of Grand and Hudson Streets has seen more 
of Jersey City history than any other spot in town, for it is 
the site not only of the first house but also of the first brick 
building in Jersey City, and on it has recently been com- 
pleted the city's first reinforced concrete structure. From 
1764 to 1907 is a long time, but it is no greater gap than be- 
tween the tavern built at what was then called Paulus Hook 
and the eight-story, all-cement and steel factory now com- 
pleted by Colgate & Co. 

If you had landed at Jersey City, or Paulus Hook rather, 
when George the Third was king, you would have disem- 
barked from your sailboat ferry at the foot of Grand Street 
and spent the night at Michael Cornelissen's tavern before 
taking the morning stage to Philadelphia. Later, after the 
As.sociates of the Jersey Company bought the site of the city 
and the ferry rights, you could have put up at the new brick 
hotel built in 1805, and this, enlarged and renamed the 
"Hudson House," would have received you had you come 
ashore from a Cunarder in the "roaring Forties. " To-day, 



tax receipt for the year 1806 of $6.64. At the 1 00th anni- 
versary dinner a year ago, celebrating a Colgate century of 
soap-making, it was stated that besides their 160 toilet soaps, 
and their lauadry, shaving and special soaps, the firm made 
600 and odd varieties of perfume, and with their talc and 
dental powders, glycerine, vaseline, etc., kept over 2,000 
styles in stock. 

As for soap, those factories made last year enough fine 
toilet soap to reach cake-end to cake-end from the city's 
river-front to Chicago's lake-front and very nearly back 
again, and their 1906 output of laundry soap, if so arranged, 
would have made an unbroken line of soap cakes between 
the Hudson River and San Francisco's Golden Gate, with 
enough left over to reach the Gulf of Mexico. Or to express 
it in another way, if you would pile this firm's annual pro- 
duct of soaps of all kinds on a city lot 25x100, you would 
have a solid column 306 feet in height, or five stories higher 
than the Flatiron Building. 

But size is not the most remarkable thing about Colgate & 




on your way from the Pennsylvania ferries, you pass those 
big blocks of buildings, whose mammoth electric sign nightly 
challenges the shining windows of the skyscrapers of Man- 
hattan with its "Colgate's Soaps and Perfumes." And 'as 
the Paulus Hook of pre-Revolutionary times became the 
second city in the state to-day, so from small beginnings 
grew the firm whom Jersey City claims as the oldest makers 
of fine soaps and perfumes in America and the largest in the 
world. 

It is said that three generations ago people used to crowd 
to see the enormous soap-pan built by ■\X'illiam Colgate. To- 
day the "enormous" pan still holds its enormous 43,000 
pounds of soap, but a year or so ago Mr. Colgate's grand- 
sons, the present firm of Colgate & Co., put up one that 
holds its modest million, and with nine of its twenty-five 
companions it gives Jersey City the ten largest soap-pans in 
the world. You can still see the card in which Mr. '^'illiam 
Colgate advertised, "Soap, mould and dipt Candles for 
Sale," and "The highest price given for Tallow;" and his 



Co. There are quite a number of other things. For instance, 
there has never been either dissensions in the firm or dis- 
agreement with its employees. As no department has been 
closed by a strike, so no factory has been shut down for lack 
of orders. No judge has handed down a decision against 
Colgate & Co. The highest rating of the commercial agen- 
cies has always been theirs. No employee has been asked 
to give bond. 

This would make a remarkable statement in any annual 
report. But to say it after saying, "We are one hundred 
years old" ; " 'VC'e have occupied the same site for one hun- 
dred years" ; " Every member of the firm is a descendant of 
the founder", is only less remarkable than that the begin- 
ning of the second century should find this same business in 
the same place in the same family. For a hundred years, 
with the unities of business, location, and ownership intact, 
is unique on this side of the Atlantic, if not the world 
over. And Jersey Ciry may well be proud of such a 
record. 



-iG 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




Burt & Mitchell Dry Docks. 



The Burt & Mitchell Company, shipwrights and machinists, 
with balance dry docks, ship yards, saw mill and pattern 
shop, blacksmith, boiler and machine shops, at the foot of 
Morris Street, through to the foot of Essex Street, Jersey 
City, was incorporated in 1899 and is to-day one of the 
busiest concerns along the Hudson River front. 

The corporation was the evolution from concerns of a 
similar nature that had existed in that locality for several 
years before that time. John W. Mitchell its first president, 
had conducted a dry dock business there for years, and he 
was succeeded in the presidency by William Brown, who 
was the proprietor of the business known as the Vulcan Iron 
Works, which was established in 1842 and employed 
machinists, blacksmiths and boiler-makers in the building 
and repairing of steamboats. 

During Mr. Brown's presidency he completed many 
improvements to the plant, which made it second to none in 
the port of New York for the facilities to repair vessels. 
The plant is new and up-to-date and a model of its kind. 
Steam, electricity and compressed air are used, with electric 
lights for night work on dry docks, in shops and on board 
boats. Repairs of any kind on wooden or iron vessels are 
made at any time with economy and despatch by competent 
and practical engineers and mechanics. 

The magnitude of the operations carried on in the plant 
is enormous, and extensive business is also done in 
repairing and renewing boilers, engines, etc. of the various 
manufacturing plants in and about Jersey City. Machinery 



repairs is their specialty, and propeller wheels are carried in 
stock ready to put on day or night. Cylinders are rebored 
on board ships on their foundations, and no job in their line 
is too large for them to handle. Materials of all kinds are 
constantly on hand. 

Following the death of William Brown on September 21, 
1906, William W. Gearhart was elected president in his 
place. Mr. Gearhart was superintendeni for many years 
during John W. Mitchell's presidency, and had been in the 
company's employ in that capacity since then. Alexander 
Morton is secretary and treasurer of the company, a position 
which he has held for several years. 

The company employs a large number of men, patronizing 
Jersey City industry in every case where possible, and is in 
the front rank among New Jersey's similar industries in its 
capacity for the prompt handling of repairs on all classes of 
vessels with economy and despatch. Vessels may procure 
new spars of any size at reasonable notice, and all timber 
used is of native wood when possible. The company has a 
large paid-up capital, and has an excellent credit at home 
and abroad. 

A visit to the Burt & Mitchell dry-docks will well repay 
any citizen who is interested in the process of ship-building 
and repairs, and will furnish him with a good example of 
one of the most prosperous manufacturing plants of Jersey 
City of to-day. The officials of the company will accord 
the most courteous treatment to any citizen who is interested 
in the matter. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



47 



The Dodge and Bliss Company, one of the largest and 

best-known dealers in lumber, timber and flooring in this 

section of the country, was established about 1S(30 under the 

firm name of Dodge, Meigs & Co. The original firm was 

succeeded by Dodge & Co., and that firm in turn was 

supplanted by the present concern of the Dodge and Bliss 

Company. With each change the company has grown, until 

to-day it ranks among the highest in commercial circles, and 

its customers are located in every portion of the known world. 

D. Stewart Dodge of New York City is the president of the 

company; Delos Bliss of Highland, New York, is vice-president 

and general manager, and William F. Brown is secretary and 

treasurer. Mr. Bliss is the oldest surviving member of the 

firm. Mr. Brown is a resident of Jersey City. 

OFFICE AT WEST END, JERSEY CITY. During the half century of its existence the firm has been 

engaged in the lumber, packing box and box shook business, the latter business extending over the whole world. A feature 

of the business is the manufacture of mouldings and all kinds of house trimmings, and packing boxes are made up and 

knocked down for foreign and domestic trade. 

For thirty years the plant was located at Morgan, Bay and First Streets, Jersey City, with large docks on the Hudson 
River, known as the Dodge docks. These docks were the scene of constant activity, and added greatly to the appearance of 
commercial prosperity along the shore front. The constantly increasing demands of the Pennsylvania Railroad for terminal 
facilities, however, caused them to offer a large sum for these buildings, and the company accordingly sold them in 1890 
and moved to its present location at West Side and Van Keuren Avenues, in what is known as the West End section of 
Jersey City, where they cover an area of about twenty-two acres. 








i IB » I i 3 r 




Old Box Factory, Harsimus Cove, in I860. 
The present plant is one of the largest of its kind in the United States. The amount of lumber and timber handled and 
manufactured by the company exceeds 50,000,000 feet annually. They have feeder factories and mills at Tonawanda, 
New York, and Meredith, New Hampshire, and a branch yard at Bergenline Avenue, West New York. The company 
has been a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City for many years. 

The existence of such a plant as this within the limits of Jersey City is a credit to the city, and serves as an advance 
agent of prosperiry, for its name is a familiar one wherever commerce has her man, and in many foreign capitals Jersey 
City is known primarily as the home of the Dodge & Bliss 
Company. Their goods all bear the imprint of their place 
of business, and in this manner they carry out the motto 
of the Board of Trade, "Mark your goods made in Jersey 
City." 

The firm has taken an active part in the civic life of the 
city by the determined stand that it has made on two occasions 
against the closing of the drawbridges over the Hackensack 
River in the interests of the railroad companies. Both tiines they 
haveledtheagitationin this matter, and their representatives have 
visited the federal authorities at Washington, and demonstrated 
to them the injustice of discriminating against tlie manufacturers 
in this way. The result has been that they have carried their 
point, and through their efforts, aided in some degree by the 
Board of Trade, river traffic has not been impeded to the 
detriment of local manufacmrers. PART OF PRESENT PLANT, WEST END. 




48 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



The Smooth-On Manufacturing Company was founded in 
1S95 to manufacture a clreniical iron compound, known as 
Smooth-On. The office and factory is located at 572-574 
Communipaw Avenue, Jersey City. Its officers are Samuel 
D. Tompkins, president ; Vreeland Tompkins, treasurer ; 
J. Haviland Tompkins, secretary. The history of 
Smooth-On, while not very old, is rather interesting. This 
chemical iron compound was made in 1893 by Vreeland 
Tompkins, a chemical student and graduate of Rutgers 
College, the object being to make a chemical iron that 
could be easily applied to cracks and holes in iron to make 
permanent repairs. 

A compound to make such repairs must metalize 
practically as hard as iron. It must expand while metalizing, 
so as to completely fill any opening into which it is mtroduced 
and also force itself into the grain of the iron. When 
metalized, it must expand and contract the same as iron. 
After two years' work this was accomplished and a chemical 
compound made and named Smooth-On, which forms the 
base or starting point for the different Smooth-On iron 
cements. 

The above properties make 
Smooth-On a valuable com- 
pound for making chemical iron 
cements, and to this subject the 
chemist of the Smooth-On Man- 
ufacturmg Company has given 
careful study for twelve years 
and has succeeded in compound- 
ing the valuable iron cements 
known so generally throughout 
the world as Smooth-On. 

Smooth-On Iron Cement was 
first prepared only in powdei 
form and used by mixing with a 
certain percentage of water, to 
the consistency of stiff putty and 
immediately applied to cold 
metal, as it metalizes rapidly, 
in a few hours becoming as hard 
as iron, with the same color and 
appearance and the same power 
of expansion and contraction. 
This cement, while very useful 
where small amounts of cement 
were required, necessitated a 
hurrying of the work when 
handling large quantities of the ' 

cement to get through before 
the cement got too stiff or hard 

to work. By further experiments a solvent was found for the 
above cement which would evaporate upon the application 
of heat. This enabled Smooth-On to be prepared and kept 
in paste or fluid form, until wanted for use. The fluid 
preparation of Smooth-On gready enlarged its use, as this 
cement may be applied to hot or cold metal. 

There are now six Smootli-On preparations, each made 
for a special purpose: 

Smooth-On for foundrymen, the first Smooth-On iron 
cement made, is for removing blemishes from iron or steel 
castings and is used for such purposes by the largest iron 
and steel manufacturing concerns throughout the world. 

Smooth-On Compound for engineers, the second of the 
Smooth-On iron cements is for making repairs on steam or 
hydraulic work, when the application can be tnade to cold 
metal. One example will show the value of this cement. 
Seven years ago the seven million gallon centrifugal pump 
at the New York Navy Yard split almost in two, due to a 
sudden strain. The crack was twenty feet long, and it was 
ascertained from the makers of the pump that it would take 




twenty-six weeks to produce duplicate castings to replaco 
the broken parts. It was suggested by the engineer in 
charge, who had used Sm-ooth-On compound, that he could 
repair the pump with this cement, and permission was 
given. It was repaired successfully in three days and is 
still giving perfect service. This repair saved thousands of 
dollars for the U. S. Government and made a reputation for 
Smooth-On compound and the engineer that applied it. 

The third Smooth-On iron cement placed upon the 
market is Smooth-On joints. This cement is for making 
joints on cast iron hub joint pipes. It makes a very strong 
and tight joint and one that will stay tight. This cement was 
used on the hub joints at the New York State buildings at 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 

Smooth-On elastic cement, the fourth Smooth-On 
product, was a great step forward in the compounding of 
iron cements, as this cement is prepared in fluid or paste 
form and kept in that state until it is wanted for use, by 
packing in air-tight cans. This fluid cement will run into 
very small cracks, holes or seams, filling them with iron and 
by many it is called magic iron. A can of this cement may 

be purchased in nearly every 
sea port of the world, as it is 
universally used by steamship 
engineers, for making permanent 
repairs. 

The following is an interesting 
example showing the value of 
this cement : 

At the time of the Spanish war 
the U. S. transport McPherson 
arrived at Jersey City from Cuba 
with leaking seams in her boilers. 
To stop these leaks in the ordi- 
nary way would have delayed 
the sailing of the ship. By apply- 
ing Smooth-On elastic cement 
to the boiler seams the leaks 
were quickly and permanently 
stopped and the steamer sailed 
on scheduled time. 

The fifth Smooth-on specialty, 

Smooth-On iron cement sheet 

packing is a combination of 

Smooth-On iron cement No. 1 

and rubber. The Smooth-On in 

the packing has the same action 

as when in the powder form, 

namely, of expanding slightly 

when it comes in contact with 

steam, hot or cold water. This makes it a valuable packing, 

as it completely fills any uneven places in the flanged faces, 

making a perfect joint instantly. This packing is extensively 

used in the engine room of the Brooklyn Bridge. 

The Sixth Smooth-On specialty is the Smooth-On coated 
corrugated steel gasket. It is made from specially prepared 
mild, tough steel, stamped with concentric corrugations and 
then coated with Smooth-On elastic iron cement. For 
flanged joints, they will withstand any pressure or tempera- 
ture that the pipe will stand and are not affected by steam, 
water, oil, air or ammonia. The above gaskets are being 
successfully used under 3,000 lbs. pressure in hydraulic 
mining. 

One example will show their value: The De Lamar 
Copper Refining Co. report as follows: "The Smooth-On 
coated corrugated gaskets which we installed throughout our 
high pressure piping have been entirely satisfactory, and 
have been the only gaskets which we have found so far 
which will stand superheated and saturated steam applied 
alternately. " 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



49 



The lumber and building material business of Vanderbeek 

and Sons, dealers in boxes and mouldings, turning, scroll 
sawing and variety work, was established September 1st, 
1846 by Morrell & Vanderbeek. The property on which 
the business was started was purchased from the heirs of 
Robert Fulton, and is where the great inventor built his first 
steamboat. It is also about the same location as there 
where the present lumber and box business is being carried 
on by Vanderbeek & Sons. 



This firm continued in business until the death of Isaac I. 
Vanderbeek, in February, 1893. alter which the business 
was continued by Francis I. Vanderbeek, William E. 
Pearson and Isaac P. Vanderbeek, which latter partnership 
was terminated in February, 1904 by the death of William 
E. Pearson. 

On March 1st, 1904, the present firm of Vanderbeek and 
Sons was formed, consisting of Isaac P. Vanderbeek, who 
is a nephew of the late Isaac 1. Vanderbeek and who has 



FORMER MEMBERS OF FIRM 




] _OFn'n' lUMbF.K 3HEUS,PLAI-IING mill At^D buX FACTUkf- r 

PRESENT MEMBERS OF FIRM 





Vanderbeek & Sons. 



In 1870 the lime and brick business, which was a feamre 
of the trade of the original firm, was discontinued and a 
planing mill and box factory was added to an extensive 
lumber business. At about this time a change occurred in 
the firm, Isaac I. Vanderbeek taking as partners his son, 
Francis I. Vanderbeek. and his son-in-law, William E. 
Pearson, thus forming the firm of Vanderbeek & Sons. 



been connected with the business since early in its history, 
Stuart M. Vanderbeek, his son, and S. Henry Baldwin, who 
had been with the preceding firms nearly twenty years. _ 

The present business consists of lumber yards, planing 
mill and box factory, located on Greene, Steuben and 
Washington Streets. A large stock of all kinds of lumber is 
carried for use in house and factory construction. 



50 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



There are very few lines of industry that have met with 
more rapid growth and prosperity, considering the short 
time in which it has become prominent, in so many affairs 
of commerce as the paper box industry, and, further 
still, there are few greater monuments of energetic and 
sagacious business enterprises than the present large 
factories of the James Leo Co. and the James Leo Box 
Board Co. in this city, views of which are given herewith. 

There are many kinds of business in the world, but there 
are only two kinds of business men. One kind comprises 
those who have cultivated the creative faculty, a sanguine 
temperament and the habit of courage — the sort of men who 
initiate and carry on the business of the world, who do 



necticut, and has spent thirty-six years in the box business. 

A glance at this page shows the result of the exercise 
of the positive business faculty. James Leo began life 
where most successful men began — at the bottom — and 
learned the rudiments of the paper box business in the 
one time great Spooner factory in New York. As soon as 
he had saved a little capital he started a small business in 
Jersey City. No doubt his venture occasioned the usual 
remarks by the wiseacres. There are always those who 
can see only the material things, and no doubt Mr. Leo's 
resources seemed small and Jersey City the last place for a 
paper box factory. 

It would be superfluous to follow the growth of the business 







things while their competitors are sitting in their offices and 
whittling pencils trying to figure out whether it is safe to 
venture or not. 

The other kind comprises those who have not cultivated 
the creative faculty, have developed a bilious temperament 
and lack courage. These cling with a death-grip to the 
coat tails of the leaders, and endeavor to imitate, so far as 
they are able, his methods and example. 

The James Leo Co. was established in 1881, and was 
incorporated in 1894. The officers are James Leo, 
president ; James Leo, Jr., vice-president, and William 
Milne, secretary. Mr. James Leo, the founder of the 
business, was born in Winsted, Litchfield County, Con- 



■i^ 



from that time on. The pictures tell the story far more 
eloquently than words. Additions to the factory have been 
built from time to time as the growth of the business 
demanded. 

In 1890 the paper board mill for the manufacturf> of paper 
boxboards was erected with a capacity of twenty tons of 
board per day, the greater part of which is consumed by the 
James Leo Co. in the manufacture of various kinds of paper 
boxes. The box factory to-day contains over 100.000 square 
feet of floor space, and the paper mill about half as much. 

Mr. Leo was a charter member of the Board of Trade, 
and also one of its directors for a number of years, and 
served as second and third vice-president for some time. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



51 



Since 1905 the great jobbing plant of Butler Brothers, 
occupying the block bounded by Wai'ren, Morgan, Washington 
and Bay Sti'eets, has given massive though silent testimony 
to Jersey City's supei'iority over New York as the point 
from which to do the actual operating work of a giant jobbing 
business in general merchandise. 

The house of Butler Brothers has grown from an insig- 
nificant start in Boston in 1877 to "the house that covers 
the country with distributing houses in New York, Chicago, 
St. Louis, Minneapolis, and sample houses in Baltimore and 
Dallas." 

The fact that this great jobbing business has been built up 
without a single traveling salesman, solely through a monthly 
catalogue circulating among merchants exclusively is hut 
one of the unique points about Butler Brothers' rise to 
leadership. 

Another is that within the past few years in each of its 
distributing centers, this house has built and equipped for its 
own peculiar needs an immense structure containing all the 



The ground area occupied by Butler Brothers' Jersey 
City building is 200x400 feet, and the eight stories and 
basement afford a total floor space of over 500,000 square 
iez\— thirteen acres under one roof. This Jersey City 
building is, therefore, one of the largest three wholesale 
structures, the other two also being "plants" of Butler 
Brothers in St. Louis and Chicago, while the Minneapolis 
building of the same concern ranks well up near the Jersey 
City building. 

Nothing that money could buy or skill design was omitted 
in making this Jersey City building as nearly perfect as 
possible for the quick and economical handling of business 
and the comfort and convenience of employees. By sub- 
marine cable, it has direct telephone connection with the 
New York building. There are over 300 feet of shipping 
platform 14 feet wide, and 500 feet of car shipping platform 
14 to 17 feet wide, both platforms being protected with a 
metal canopy. 

Car space to the amount of 600 feet is afforded by the 




Butler Brothers' Warehouse. 



latest facilities for doing a big business efficiently and 
economically. The new " New York " building is the Jersey 
City structure above referred to. 

The original New York building, which but a few years 
ago served for the entire needs of Butler Brothers' New 
York house, is now used wholly — except for the space the 
buyers' offices require — for the display of samples and for 
other time-saving conveniences for the busy market-buying 
merchant. 

It was the overcrowding in lower Broadway and the con- 
gestion at the New York freight depots that led Butler 
Brothers to settle upon Jersey City as the place where 
"could be obtained a ground space large enough and so 
located as to permit of things being done right," as one of 
the officials in the concern expressed it when first steps 
were taken in the matter of making the tremendous iin- 
provement. 



private tracks connecting with the nearby tracks of half a 
dozen other great railways and with the wharves of the 
New York Central Railroad. Thus the concern gains in 
the promptness with which goods ordered are started to 
their destinations, and saves in cartage by being able to 
unload all incoming, and load at least three fourths of the 
outgoing goods merely by wheeling trucks over their own 
platforms from and into the cars. 

Another advantage is that in this Jersey City building 
Butler Brothers can carry all open stock, all original 
packages and all surplus stocks under one roof — an im- 
possibility to most New York jobbing houses who are 
compelled to have on Broadway or some other good street, 
quarters for offices and open stock goods and to carry 
surplus stock and original packages in anywhere from 
one to a dozen warehouses as close to the main store as 
possible. 



52 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



i-T*^' 




Saginaw Plant. 



Wickes Brothers, an incorporated com- 
pany with a paid-in capital of one million 
dollars, is now in the forty-ninth year of 
its existence, having been established at 
Saginaw, Michigan in I860. Its manu- 
facturing plants are located at Saginaw, 
Mich., Pittsburg, Pa., and Jersey City, 
New Jersey. Its product of engines, 
', boilers, heaters, pumps, iron working and 
' general machinery, is distributed through 
, Its sales offices located in Jersey City, 
New York City, Boston, Philadelphia, 
Pittsburg, Chicago, Saginaw, Denver, 
Colo., and Birmingham, Ala. 

The Jersey City plant is admirably lo- 
cated on the Central Railroad of New 
Jersey at West Side Avenue, where sixty 
city lots, or thi-ee and one-third acres are 
covered with buildings, or are used for 
storage purposes. The main warehouse, 
with exterior sidings and exceptionally 
good shipping facilities, has a ground floor 

space of 60,000 feet filled with engines, boilers, pumps, etc., and is but twenty-five minutes from the New York store. Its 

large export trade, as well as domestic requirements, render it necessary to carry large stocks for immediate deliveries. 

Probably no concern in the world carries in stock a larger or more varied line of boilers and inachinery. Fine offices and 

show rooms are maintained in the West 

Street Building, corner West and Cedar 

Streets, New York City. 
H. T. Wickes and W. J. Wickes of 

Saginaw, Mich,, are respectively president 

and vice-president of the Company. 

Chester Bertolette, who resides at 215 

Ege Avenue, Jersey City, is manager and 

eastern representative, having charge of all 

business east of Pittsburg. 
The Pittsburg store, situated at 1 17-1 19 , 

Fourth Avenue, contains the offices and a 

fine stock of engines, pumps, machinery. 

etc., ready for immediate siiipment, and 

the plant at the corner of Fifty-fifth Street 

and the A. V. Railroad has extensive 

warehouses fully stocked with engines, 

boilers, pumps, steel buildings, steel 

structural work, machine tools, etc. 

Nothing is too Iai-ge for the company to 

handle, and in like manner nothing too 

small, and buyers always know where 

they may go to get what they need in these particular lines. 

The Saginaw plant covers four blocks, and produces boilers, heaters 




Pittsburg Plant. 




Jersey City Plant. 



boiler shop tools, and a full line of saw-mill 
machinery. It has constantly on hand 
from 700 to 1,000 boilers, engines and 
machines. The plant at Saginaw was 
chosen for its exceptional location, being 
three hours from Detroit, five hours from 
Toledo, four hours from Chicago, nineteen 
hours from St. Louis, fourteen hours from 
Milwaukee or Cincinnati, seventeen hours 
fiom Pittsbuig and nine and a-half hours 
from Buffalo. 

Wickes Brothers furnishes employment 
to a large number of Jersey City artisans, 
and is a valuable asset of the city's com- 
mercial capital. Its policy has always 
been for a better Jersey City, and it is 
always foremost in any movement that 
demonstrates civic pride. The firm has 
not felt the effect of the late financial flurry 
in any way, hut finds its business increas- 
ing daily with no sign of even temporary 
abatement. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



o.-^ 



The Lembeck & Betz Eagle Biewing Company was 
established in 1869 as an ale and porter bfcwei-y at Jei'sey 
City by the late Heniy Lembeck and the late John Betz, 
under the name of Lembeck & Betz. The firm made a 
substantial beginning by erecting a building occupying four 
lots on Ninth Street. 

The two proprietors were thoroughly adapted to making 
a success of the enterprise. While Mr. Lembeck was an 
exceptionally good business man and an able financier, Mr. 
Betz had already earned a high reputation for his practical 
knowledge of the art of ale brewing, which was perfectly 
natural as he came of a family of brewers which had been 
famous both in Germany and in this country. 

It was not surprising that a firm so well equipped for 
entering the business made an iminediate success of it and 
that its patronage increased steadily from the start. A new 
brew-house, nearly ninety feet high and fifty feet in depth 
was erected in 1888, and two years later the firm decided to 



The extensive changes providing for the manufacture of 
lager beer were made in the plant at Jersey City and the 
company commenced in the new field with one of the most 
complete equipments in the Eastern States. 

The success which had been won in the ale and porter 
department was more than duplicated in the now world- 
famous lager beer. The same scientific knowledge and skill 
which had built up an enormous business in one line 
applied to the other, and guided by the financial acumen and 
ability which had built up a million dollar property in a 
comparatively few years produced equally satisfactory results 
in the wider field. 

The Lembeck & Betz Eagle Brewing Company's beer 
becaine as popular and as much or more so in demand as 
their ale and porter had been. 

The growing deinand for the companie's products neces- 
sitated large additions to the stable and storage accommoda- 
tions and the output increased until it now approximates 




Lembeck & Betz Eagle Brewing Co. 



add the manufacture of lager beer to the brewing of ale and 
porter. 

The Lembeck & Betz Eagle Brewing Company was 
incorporated in May, 1890. It was a co-operative stock 
company, the property inerged into it consisdng of the ale 
and porter plant, which had already expanded so that it 
covered both sides of Ninth Street, between Grove and 
Henderson Streers, occupying seventeen city lots, and the 
malt-house of H. F. Lembeck & Company, at Watkins, 
New York. 

The Jersey City plant included the brewery property, 
store houses, etc., while the malt-house property at Watkins 
included a malt-house with a capacity of 190,000 bushels 
per annum and three and a half acres of land with water 
frontage on Seneca Lake of two hundred and fifty feet, and 
a large dock. The total value of the two properties was 
estimated at $900,000. 



fifty thousand barrels of ale and porter and a quarter of a 
million barrels of lager beer per annum. 

To meet the demands of a large fair ily trade developed 
by the growing reputation of the beer for being pure and 
unadulterated product of malt and hops, it was necessary to 
have an up-to-date bottling plant installed, and, in this de- 
partment alone an exceedingly prosperous business is done. 

The original founders and officers ofthisimportantcompany 
having all died, the management is now in the hands of Gustav 
W. and Otto A. Leinbeck, the former of whom is the president 
and treasurer and the latter vice-president and secretary. 

Their capabilities and assidious attendon to affairs have 
secured a continuity of the splendid success which was the 
result of the work of the original founders, showing that they 
equal those two remarkable men both in style and stamina. 
As proof of this the firm, originally worth $1 ,000,000, is now 
rated at 33,000,000 and eojoys the highest financial credit. 



54 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



The history of the George Stratford Oakum Company is a 
most interesting one. George Stratford, founder of the 
concern, was born in England, Jime 16, 1830, and came to 
this country fifteen years later, where he innnediately found 
employment in one of the two oakum mills then in Jersey 
City. Learning all he could of the business at this place, 
he secured a better position at the other mill, but soon left 
the latter place to become superintendent of a small plant of 
the same kind in the Brooklyn navy yard. 

While in the employ of the government there, an 
opportunity came to form a partnership with a Mr. Fountain, 
and together they bought about a block of land at Fifty-fifth 
Street and Second Avenue, New York City. His partner 
always wore a linen duster in the factory, and one day an 
unusual commotion was heard 
by Mr. Stratford. Turning 
around he found that his 
partner was being whirled 
around, his duster having 
caught in the machinery. Mr. 
Stratford released him as 
quickly as possible, but his 
partner's injuries were fatal. 
Mr. Stratford bought out the 
Fountain interest from the 
latter's widow and continued 
the business alone, but in 
1863 had the misfortune oi 
being burned out. 

The New York land Mr. 
Stratford sold for about ten 
times what it cost, and bought 
a site on Hudson Street 
between Morris and Essex 
Streets, Jersey City. Here 
he brought what machinery 
was saved from the New York 
fire. He became a partner ot 
Benjamin Mills, who had an 
oakum factory on Wayne 
Street, in the purchase of the 
McCormack oakum mill on 
West Forty-second Street, 
New York, which was run 
only two or three years when 
the partnership was dissolved, 
Mr. Stratford buying all the 
machinery of the New York 
mill. Later on Benjamin Mills 
failed and Mr. Stratford 
bought all the machinery from 
the Wayne Street plant. 

Soon after this Mr. Strat- 
ford formed a partnership 
with W. O. Davey, and this 
continued until the Hudson 
Street mill burned down May 9, 1870, when Mr. Stratford 
decided to try it alone once more, and buying the site on 
Cornelison Avenue where the present mill is located, had a 
new plant erected and running in the fall of that year. 

In 1876 Mr. Stratford started the manufacture of paper at 
the corner of Wayne and Brunswick Streets, where Public 
School No. 9 now stands, later taking as partners F. J. 
Mallory and James Tompkins and incorporating under the 
name of the Jersey City Paper Company, at the same time 
moving the plant next to the oakum factory on Cornelison 
Avenue. He became its president and business manager, 
and so remained, as he did in the oakum company, to the 
time of his death. 

Early in the eighties his son, Robert John Stratford, 




entered the oakum mill, and a few years later another son, 
William George Stratford, joined his father. In 1885 the 
business was incorporated under its present name with the 
above three as officers. In 1890 the grade of plumbers' 
oakum was originated, and the firm also put out an especially 
prepared hemp for upholstery purposes. , 

On February 18, 1891, the factory was again burned out. 
This, however, could not stop the progress of the concern, 
and in a short time another new factory was built in the most 
approved and modern way, brick buildings supplanting those 
of frame and corrugated iron, with heavy timbers, thick 
floors and the best fire protection equipment known. This 
new mill was so constructed as to have four times the 
capacity of the old one. 

In 1894 Robert J. Stratford 
was forced to retire from 
active business by reason of 
ill health, and died five years 
later, never having been 
sufficiently well to return to 
the office. In the meantime, 
however, he spent much of 
his time abroad, and was of 
great help in the buying of 
raw material while there. 

His place in the office was 
taken by Herbert Ridley 
Stratford, who at this time 
had just graduated from 
Lehigh University. Having 
been made secretary of the 
company he held this position 
until the death of his father, 
April 20, 1902, when he 
became its president and 
treasurer, and another son, 
Arthur G. Stratford, entered 
the firm as director and secre- 
tary, and Frank Burnett 
Stratford and Edwin H. Strat- 
ford were added to the di- 
rectory. 

Only five years later another 
change was necessitated by 
the sudden death of Herbert 
R, Stratford on February 27, 
1907, after an operation for 
appendicitis, the company 
thereby losing the services of 
a most valuable man. During 
his thirteen years of business 
he had found time to serve 
his city for two terms on the 
Board of Education, and also 
honored the directories of the 
Second National Bank, the 
Jersey City Trust Company and the University Club of 
Hudson County. Arthur C. Stratford was then advanced to 
the presidency, and Frank B. Stratford made secretary and 
treasurer. 

From the foundation of the business to the present time, 
on every occasion when the plants were burned or moved 
have larger ones taken their place, and since the disastrous 
fire of 1891 many new buildings, new machines and labor- 
saving devices have been added. In fact, the work has 
never stopped, and at present writing the firm is erecting a 
large brick building which will make this plant not only the 
greatest in this country but the largest in all English-speaking 
lands. This building, 60 by 75 feet in size, will be devoted 
to the preparation of the raw material. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



55 



The central foundry plant of the American Type Founders 
Company, located at 300 Comiiumipaw Avenue, Jersey 
City, is tlie largest type foundry plant in the world. It is a 
model manufacturing building ot steel and brick construction, 
with concrete floors and roof, making it an absolutely fire- 
proof structure. There are about 700 windows, making the 
interior as light and airy as out of doors. Even now it is 
realized that the present capacity is entirely inadequate for 
future demands and the steady expansion of business renders 
imperative another large addition which will be crowded 
forward to early completion. 

The company has twenty-six selling houses located in New 
York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Buffalo, Richmond, 
Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago, Detroit, St. 
Louis, Minneapolis, Kansas City, Denver, Colorado; 
Dallas, Texas; Portland, Oregon; San Francisco and Los 
Angeles, California; Seattle and Spokane, Washington ; and 



Cheltenham Bold Extended, Cheltenham Outline, Chelten- 
ham Inline, Cheltenham Inline Extended, and Cheltenham 
Inline Extra Condensed. 

The American Type Founders Company also make a 
specialty of antique type. They have reproduced the best 
faces used by the Venetians, and by the Elzevirs and Plantins, 
and by Franklin. They have the initials and ornaments 
and borders that were made when Rembrandt, Rubens and 
Franz Hals worked with and for the Plantins. If one is a 
disciple of Gutenberg, and wants distinguished and individual 
effects, he should write the company for their specimens. 

All of the operations of type-making are carried on in this 
central foundry plant, from the inception of the type design 
in the art department to its reproduction in type metal in 
the casting room of the foundry. Formerly, in type makhig 
the original punches were cut by hand under a magnifying 
glass, which was a slow operation and one requiring skill 




rTT^ '^ 



CENTRAL FOUNDRY OF THE AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY, LARGEST TYPE FOUNDRY IN THE WORLD. 



Victoria British Columbia. Also selling houses in Havana, 
Cuba Mexico, Central and South America, with agencies 
at other foreign points. Other manufacturing plants are 
focated in Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati, St. Louis and San 
Francisco. . , 

The American Type Founders Company is recognized as 
the leader in the production of original designs in type and 
decorative material in this country, and these designs are 
reproduced by the foreign foundries. A notable departure 
has recently been made by this foundry in bringing out the 
distinctive type designs in families— a marked example 
being the Cheltenham face and thus far brought out in the 
foUowing styles-Cheltenham Old Style, Cheltenham Italic 
Cheltenham Wide. Cheltenham Bold, Cheltenham Bod 
Italic Cheltenham Bold Condensed, Cheltenham Bold 
Condensed Italic, Cheltenham Bold Extra Condensed, 



and long carefol training. This cutting is now all done on 
special engraving machines built exclusively by the company. 
Whereas in the old days it took about eighteen months to 
bring out a new style of letters in seven d fferent sizes, 
to-day it can be done in about five weeks and the quality oi 
the work is superior to the old hand cutting both in accuracy 
and uniformity as well as in the volume of the work. 

Not only does the cuuing of the original punches or the 
matrices call for the greatest accuracy, but the same is true 
also of all other processes in type founding. Asa consequence, 
most of the special machinery and tools required are built by 
the American Type Founders Company in this central plant. 

No other type foundry in the world makes such a wide 
range of type faces and varying in sizes from the very 
smallest for special Bible uses, to type which is cast on 
bodies two inches high. 



56 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY, 



The Thomas J. Stewart Company, whose carpet cleatising 
and storage warehouses are located at Fifth and Erie Streets 
Jersey City, is probably one of the best known plants of its 
iund m the United States. The company cleans anything and 
everythmg in the lines of floor coverings, carpets, rugs and 
draperies; packs, boxes and ships goods anywhere on earth 
by road, rail or water, and has more storage-room and moving 
vans than any similar company. 

The business was established in 1879 at its present location, 
where it bought and remodelled an old jewelry factory. It used 
and occupied this until 1888, when a large six-story building 
was erected, to which was added two wings 20 x 100 each in 
1893. President Thomas J. Stewart has been at the helm 
smce the business was started in 1879, and is known to-day as 
one of the most successful businessmen in Jersey City He 
was born in New York City fifty years ago. When he v.as 
six months old his parents moved 
to West Hoboken, and he received 
his education in the public schools 
of that municipality. He is a mem- 
ber of the Board of Trade of Jersey 
City. 

The business was incorporated in 

1893 by Thomas J. Stewart, James 

B.Vredenberghand Edwin G. Brown 

(smce deceased). The main branch 

office is at the corner of Broadway 

and Forty-sixth Street, on Long Acre 

Square, in New York City, and there 

IS also a Harlem office at 57 West 

1 25th Street. Every modern device 

IS used in the cleaning of carpets, 

including many patents which are 

covered in Europe as well as the 

United States. The company has 
been awarded several medals at the 
American Institute fair. 

For thirty-nine years Thomas J 
Stewart has been building up a 
business which is now the largest 
and most successful carpet-cleansing 
industry in the world. Those who 
visit the place will find a hearty 





Original Plant. 




Present Plant. 



welcome. There is no secret about 
the place. The machinery and 
processes are patented, and have 
been awarded medals and prizes 
at some of the greatest fairs and 
exhibitions in the world. 

The buildings, which cover a ground 
area of 8,000 square feet, are six 
stories in height and are erected in 
the most substantial manner, with a 
view to permanence, solidity and 
safety against fire. Every story is 
high, well ventilated and furnished 
with plenty of direct sunlight, a factor 
which goes hand in hand with pure 
air towards making carpets clean 
and sweet. The wagons enter under 
cover of a large driveway, so that the 
carpets are not exposed to the weather. 
Basement floors are of cement, 
and the others of the most solid 
timbers and iron. In the basement 
is a powerful Corliss engine. No 
fire is allowed in the building, nor 
. .... , any smoking permitted, nor is any 

building better provided with fire extinguishers. 

In the separate building, which is devoted exclusively to carpet 
cleaning, are the machines and appliances for cleansing and 
renovanng, with special machinery for India and Turkish rugs 
draperies and delicately woven fabrics. One glance at the operaiioii 
of these will convmce one as to the thoroughness and perfection of 
the work. The machinery beats on the back and brushes on the 
face, acnng uniformly on every square inch of the fabric so that no 
violence is done to the face of the carpet. The dust, moths and 
refuse blown and driven out of the carpets are sent through a system 
of pipes and blowers into a closed room. 

The storage warehouse is the felicitous outgrowth of modern 
Civihzanon and progress, and has grown to be a great necessity and 
a convenience worth far more than its cost. 

Each partition in the Stewart warehouse is made of iron, and 
each room tightly closed yet perfectly ventilated, so that the stored 
goods remain in perfect seclusion and safety, free from all contact 
with other goods, and with separate lock and key. The buildings 
are guarded day and night by experienced watchmen. 

Mr. Stewart's experience has taught him just what was wanted 
in the storage line, and when his carpet-cleansing business outgrew 
Its former limits and he had to build a new home for it, he 
determined also to build the best storage warehouse in the country. 
This he has done to his own complete satisfaction, and to that of his 
patrons, foi the building has called forth the approval and admiration 
of all who have seen it. There are separate rooms for pianos, 
organs, mirrors, bronzes, statuary, bric-a-brac, trunks, carriages,' 
and rooms for general merchandise of every description. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



57 



The M. T. Connolly Conn-acting Company, with its main 
offices at 238 Seventeenth Street, Jersey City, is the result 
of the steady growth of a steady business. It was established 
in 1858 by Michael Connolly, continued by Connolly 
Brothers then by M. T. Connolly, and in 1898, the present 
company was formed. The officers of the present company 
are M T. Connolly, president and treasurer; M. L. 
Connolly, vice-president and John Riley, secretary, and 
these officers are also the directors. 

Among the first construction work of the original concern 
was St. Francis' Hospital, the Meehan row of flats at Erie 
and Eleventh Streets, the row known as the " Houses that 
Jack built," and considerable tenement property in the 
"" Horseshoe " district of Jersey City. 

During the management of the concern by Connolly 
Brothers they built the Lewis Fiacker row at the junction of 
Newark and Railroad Avenues, the Carscallen and Cassidy 
teed mill, the A. J. Corcoran windmill factory, the first 
electric light plant in Hoboken, and many flats and tene- 
ments throughout Jersey City. . 

The work done while M. T. Connolly was conducnng the 
business alone was very notable. He constructed the main 
outlet sewer for jersey City and Hoboken, and in building 
this was the first contractor to successfully tunnel the Morris 
Canal He also constructed the first buildings on the old 
Elysian Fields of Hoboken, comprising a total of forty houses 



two rows of flats for Dennis McLaughlin in Hoboken, the J. 
•md W Cahill & Co. building, and the Normandy buildings 
in Hoboken, the Eagan School (rebuilt), St. Joseph's rectory 
in Hoboken, the Osborn factory, a number of private houses 
for the Stevens family at Castle Point, the American Type 
Founder's Company factory, the International Watch Com- 
pany factory, the Automobile Company of America factory, 
the W M. Obergfell wagon factory, the Young Men s 
Christian Association building on Central Avenue, theCuneo 
row the Wolf, Walter and Coyle buildings on Newark 
Avenue the Halstead and Company packing house and 
stables the Jersey City Hospital, All Saint's Roman Catholic 
Church, several large flats in Jersey City, the Democratic 
Club of Bayonne, the Lemheck and Betz Eagle Brewing 
Companybrewery, the Manhattan Laundry and the alteration 

of several buildings for the American Tobacco Company. 
The company has also built and sold a number of large flats 
in Hoboken. 

It constructed the water pipe lines of Bayonne and the 
main sewer into the Kill von Kull, a job that had been 
abandoned by three other contractors and considered by 
them impossible to be carried out. It reconstructed the 
water main across the Hackensack river, and thawed out 
the frozen pipes under the bed of the river ; constructed 
about fifteen miles of sewer in Bayonne and an equal number 
in Jersey City; laid considerable macadam roads m Bay- 




SOME Connolly Construction. 



on Eleventh and Garden Streets, Fourteenth Street and 
Bloomfield Avenue, and Ninth and Garden Streets. His 
other work included the Linden Avenue Methodist Episcopal 
Church the Italian Church of Hoboken, the elevated road 
of the then North Hudson County Railroad Company from 
Hoboken to Jersey City, the elevated road from the >Xee- 
hawken terminal to the El Dorado Amusement Park, the 
electric lighting plant for Hudson County at Snake Hi 1, the 
entire sewer system of Weehawken, the Mercer Street 
viaduct (which is still in an excellent state of preservation). 
Public School No. 1 of Jersey City, the Lembeck and Betz 
Eagle brewery, the N. B. Gushing Company warehouse, 
the Standard Fashion Company factory, the Pennsylvania 
Railroad shops on the River Road, Hoboken, several large 
factories for the Hoboken Land and Improvement Company, 
the Erie Railroad freight house and round house at Wee- 
hawken, the Meyanberg silk mills, and half of the present 
buildings in lower Jersey City north of Pavonia Avenue. 

The present company has shared in the general prosperity 
of the city, and has had aU the work possible font to haiidle. 
Notable among its successes have been Public Schools Nos. 
9 11 14 and 31 in Jersey City, the Sixth Precinct stanon 
house in Jersey City, the Second Precinct station house in 
Hoboken the fire house on Washington Street, Hoboken, 



onne and street paving in Jersey City and Hoboken, and, 
with its patent sewer cleaner cleaned out the entire sewer 
system in Hoboken and sewer system in Jersey City which 
had been practically abandoned. The firm is a member of 
the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

The M T ConnollyContracting Company IS one ot tnose 
sound business corporations of the great manufacturing city 
of lersey City where customers are always assured ot the 
best of workmanship by the highest class of labor and the 
careful and conscientious supervision of the work by 
experienced men who know die constructton business in al 
its phases, who keep up to the minute in all new methods o 
construction, and who adopt those methods where they hnd 

them practical. . , .• c 

The work that the company has done in the construcuon ot 
the many buildings mentioned, some of the most prominent 
in Hudson County, is the best evidence of the patronage 
eiven it at the hands of the men and companies who control 
the destiny of Jersey City, and in no case has any quesnon 
been raised as to the character of the work. Mr. Connolly 
2ives his personal attention to all work, and lends to all 
contracts the benefit of his experience of many decades, 
with the result that there are no complaints, but compliments 
on all sides. 



58 



JERSEY CITY OF TODAY 



In the year 1863 a stock company under the 

firm name of F. O. Matthiessen & Wiechers 

founded on the south side of the Mofris Canal 

west of Washington Street, Jersey City, a sugar 

refinery with a daily capacity of two hundred 

barrels of 240 pounds each. Gradually this 

plant was enlarged, and in 1890 became part of 

the American Sugar Refining Company with a 

daily production of over 5,000 barrels of 3G0 

pounds refined sugar each of all grades from loft 

yellows to criptal dominos and XXXX powdered 

sugars. 

In 1868 a larger refinery was added on the north 

side of the canal for the purpose of refining Cuba 

molasses, and also a new boiler house. The new 

establishment was, however, soon converted into 

a complete sugar refinery by the installation of 

centrifugal machines. The first ones were 

imported from Germany, whereas all such 

machinery is now built in the United States, some 

of it in the machine shops connected with the 

American Sugar Refining Company. All kinds of 

raw sugar from all parts of the world are refined 

here and nearly all grades of refined sugars known 

to the market are manufactured. 

The refinery covers now four city blocks, has a water front of over 900 feet, unloading large steamers with sugar from 
all over the world, employs over 1,500 men and pays in city and water taxes over $70,000 to the city authorities annually 
and in wages more than $700,000, which are all spent in Jersey City. 

Its field is e.xtensive, embracing not only the entire United States, but foreign countries as well. The quality of the 
products, the mterest the company takes to adapt each piece of machinery to its particular function and the promptness with 
which orders are executed, combined with its excellent shipping facilities, are all points understood and appreciated by 
those desiring the goods it manufactures. The ideas, works and equipment of the company are all modern, consequently 
the posinon that they have attained has benefited all classes of humanity, for sugar is a necessary and a universal product 
Yet as perfect as is its present equipment, the American Sugar Refining Company will let no opportunity pass of 
rendering it more so. Jersey City's fame has been spread to every country in the world by this company 




F. O. Matthiessen & Wiechers, 1863. 




American Sugar Refining Co.'Mpany, 1907. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



59 



Tlie successful growth of the leather goods manufactuiiug 
firm of John Mehl & Company is one of the commercial 
achievements of Jersey City. The firm was established in 
1858 in New York City, with twelve hands, and gradually 
worked its way along until in 1882 it moved to Jersey City, 
bringing with it a business that necessitated the employment 
of eighty hands, and steadily advancing. 

The concern settled on Webster Avenue in the Hudson 
City section of Jersey City, and so rapid was its advancement 
that it enlarged its plant in 1886 and 1900, and finally in 
1907 consolidated all its departments by the erection of a 
mammoth factory on the block bounded by Webster and 
New York Avenues and Griffith and Hutton Streets. The 
company, which was incorporated in 1893, to-day employs 



niaiuilaciuicr m the creation of the various articles produced 
is frequently overlooked in the admiration for the finished 
article. The stability of the product depends very largely 
upon the foundation, and this, in turn, on the preparation 
made for it. Every hand employed in the manufacture of 
leather goods of the class put on the market by John Mehl 
& Co. must be skillful, indefatigable and resourceful, and 
must be furnished with the latest and most approved tools 
and machinery. 

John Mehl & Co., high among the leaders in the manu- 
facture of leather goods, think that the retailer exercises 
economy in buying from a concern that does the work 
scientifically and expeditiously. Their plant in Jersey City 
is large enough to handle any leather goods contract ever 




John Mehl & Co. 



between 500 and 600 hands, and is considered the leading 
manufacturers of leather goods in the United States. 

The sales of the company's products are confined princi- 
pally to the United States, but some goods are sent to Canada 
and the foreign countries through the New York commission 
houses. The company has permanent salesrooms at 73 Fifth 
Avenue, New York City, and in Chicago, Denver and San 
Francisco. The officers are John Mehl, Jr., president; F. 
T. Springmeyer, vice-president and Henry Mehl, treasurer, 
and all parties interested in the managing line reside in 
Jersey City. The company is a member of the Board of 
Trade of Jersey City. 

The importance of the work done by the leather goods 



given out in New York City. The amount of machinery 
kept on hand and the number of men employed, added to 
the long experience of the firm in this line of work, enable 
the management to execute several large contracts at the 
same time. Rapidity, without the sacrifice of care, is what 
counts these days in every phase of the leather goods work. 
The reputation of John Mehl & Co. in the leather world is 
too well-known to need explanation, and their facilities and 
motto of " Never procrastinate ; do the work now, " explain 
the uninterrupted chain of large contracts which has 
characterized their work for the fifty-one years that they 
have been engaged in business. Jersey City is proud of the 
firm of John Mehl & Co. 



fill 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




A Successful Industry 



Of the many large manufacturing corporations that have 
crossed the Hudson River to locate in the Jersey City of 
to-day and share in its commercial prosperity, none is of 
greater importance than that of Halstead and Company of 
New Jersey, which, although located here but a short time, 
has already become one of the city's leading industries. 

The firm of Hals.ead & Company was founded in 1842, 
and located for the eaiiy years of its existence in New York 
City. The firm was first engaged in business as packers of 
beef and pork, but later added the refining of lard and the 
slaughtering of hogs, and these branches of the business have 
been continued to this day. 

In 1886 the Central Lard Company of New York was 
incorporated, to engage in the business of refining lard and 
cotton-seed oil and the pressing of lard oil. In 1901 this 



corporation was absorbed by the Central Lard Company of 
New Jersey, and on May 1, 1907, the latter corporation and 
Halstead & Company were consolidated under the name of 
Halstead and Company of New Jersey. 

The company now occupies two large factory buildings, 
one for provisions and the other for lard and oils, and 
covering the plot bounded by Seventeenth, Eighteenth, 
Coles and Monmouth Streets. It also has a cooperage plant 
at Fourteenth Street and Jersey Avenue, a trucking plant at 
Sixteenth Street and Jersey Avenue, and a hog slaughtering 
plant at Harrison, N. J. The officers are Ebenezer Hurd, 
president; C. F. Tietjen, vice-president; J. W. Halstead, 
treasurer ; George L. Lyon, secretary, and Ebenezer Hurd, 
C. F. Tietjen, Frank O. Roe, J. W. Halstead, A. Tietjen, 
O. H. Blackmar and Egbert Hurd, directors. 




r r !rr 



U i ! 



> , ■■, 



^ t-f .1,1 ilsi 1 r |,i 1. m !• I ,s f 





if^.JI^U^: 





^^tt^fiSSSI^^ ' V«M<1«. 






■^■■^•- 



Halstead and Company. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



61 



The Jersey City Bill Posting Company was established in 
1857 by A. P. Rikeman, who was succeeded by Rikeman 
& O'Meaiia, and later was incorporated as The Jersey City 
Bill Posting, Display Advertising and Sign Company, with 
James F. O'Meaiia as president and H. F. O'Meaiia as 
secretary. The business, from a small beginning, now 
extends throughout Hudson County, with connections over 
the entire state of New Jersey, enabling it to cover every 
city and town in the state at one and the same time. The 
connections also enable the company to cover the entire 
United States, Canada, Cuba, Hawaii and the Phillipines. 

The Company advertises Jersey City as "The Gateway 
to New York," and in addition to this claims to have the 
greatest railroad showings in the world. The plant is one of 
the finest in the country, built almost entirely of sheet steel 
surface, and all carefully and conscientiously built. In 
all its advertising matter, 
sent broadcast throughout 
the United States, it always 
endeavors to boom Jersey 
City. Its holdings include 
about 1,500 large bulletins 
and billboards with a covering 
surface of about 100,000 
square feet. 

The allied companies 
include the Jersey City, 
Hoboken, Hackensack, Mon- 
mouth, Asbury Park and 
Paterson Bill Posting Com- 
panies, and cover all trunk 
line railroads and terminals, 
all suburban railroads and 
terminals, all ferries to New 
York City from Jersey City, 
all large cities, all connecting 
trolley lines, the counties 
having the largest population 
in the state and the most 
prosperous towns with more 
than half the population of 
New Jersey, reaching a travel- 
ing population of more than 
1,000,000 people weekly. 

The company is in the 
metropolitan district, and the 
farthest town in this district 
is within forty-five minutes 
from Broadway. More people 
reside in this district who do 
business in New York City 
than reside in New York 
City itself. The bill boards 
and bulletins are in view of 
these people, coming into and going out of New York, who 
never see a bill board except when on trains and trolleys in 
this district on their way to and from their business each 
day. 

The railroad showing covers the Pennsylvania Railroad and 
connecting lines, Erie Railroad and connecting lines. Central 
Railroad of New Jersey, West Shore Railroad and connect- 
ing lines, Lackawanna Railroad and connecting lines, 
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Philadelphia and Reading 
Railroad, Lehigh Valley Railroad, New York, Ontario and 
Western Railroad, Susquehanna Railroad, Morris and 
Essex Railroad, Newark and New York Railroad, New 
York and Long Branch Railroad, Northern Railroad of New 
Jersey, New Jersey and New York Railroad, New York and 
Greenwood Lake Railroad, and all suburban travel. 

The bill boards owned by the company are all in 




James F. O'Mealia. 



prominent locations on magnificent boulevards, principal 
thoroughfares and drives and on trolley lines leading 
to all ferries to New York City, Brooklyn, Staten Island, 
Newark and suburbs, Rutherford, Passaic and Paterson. 
The population of this territory is composed of prosperous, 
well-to-do people, workingnien, meciianics, merchants, 
professional men and farmers, — all industrious, enterprising, 
reliable men who appreciate bill board advertising. 

The company does house-to-house distributing, and 
guarantees its work. It employs a regular force of dis- 
tributors who work under the direction and personal 
supervision of careful and experienced foremen. Should 
an advertiser sustain a loss through any of their employes 
being derelict in their duty, or through the non-performance 
of any stipulation of a contract or agreement it may have 
entered into with an advertiser, and it is proven, upon 

investigation, it will imme- 
diately reimburse the adver- 
tiser for such loss. 

It is a sign painter, and its 
bulletins are displayed in 
equally good positions as its 
bill boards. It employs only 
first-class painters, who are 
artists in their particular line. 
Its bulletin work compares 
favorably with other work of 
its kind. It is not the best, 
but as good as the best in this 
branch of outdoor advertising. 
The list of cities and towns, 
with railroad showings, 
covered by the allied com- 
panies in the "Gateway to 
New York " is as follows : 

Jersey City district — Jersey 
City, Bayonne, West Hobo- 
ken, West New York, Union 
Hill, Guttenberg, Weehaw- 
ken. Homestead, New 
Durham, Tyler Park and Se- 
caucus. Hoboken district — 
Hoboken. Hackensack dis- 
trict — Hackensack, Engle- 
wood. Fort Lee, Hasbrouck 
Heights, Kingsland, Leonia, 
Little Ferry, Lodi, Lyndhurst, 
Bogota, Carlstadt. Cherry 
Hill, Coytesville, East Ruther- 
ford, Edgewater, Maywood, 
Grantwood, Palisades Park, 
Ridgefield Park, Ridgefield, 
Tenafiy, Teaneck, Westwood 
and Fairview. Keyport dis- 
Asbury Park district— Asbury 
Beach, Avon, Belmar, 



trict — Keyport and Matawan. 

Park, Ocean Grove, Bradley 

Spring Lake, Point Pleasant, Como, Sea Girt, Manasquan, 

Allenhurst and Tom's River. 

James F. O'Meaiia, the present owner of the business, is 
probably one of the best-known men in Jersey City to-day. 
He is one of the foremost members of the Benevolent 
Protective Order of Elks, and the success of that body in 
Jersey City is largely due to his earnest efforts in its behalf. 
He is a hundred-point man in anything he undertakes, and 
more interested in doing his work than in what people will 
say about it. He does not consider the gallery. He acts his 
thought, and thinks little of the act, and this fact has been 
ably demonstrated by the remarkable progress of the 
company of which he is president. Mr. O'Meaiia is a member 
of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 



62 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



In August, 1898, the Voorhees Rubber Manufacturing 
Company, through its president and founder, Mr. John J. 
Voorhees, made the following modest announcement : 

"This company, in offering its products to the trade, is 
simply renewing old acquaintances. Its management has 
had an active experience of over thirty years and has the 
ability to make excellent goods, and, what is more to the 
point, the disposition to do so. 

"We ask no favor beyond a comparison of qualities and 
prices and have perfect confidence that our equipment, 
coupled with a close supervision of our work and the elim- 
ination of extravagant expenses, will enable us to show you 
practical reasons for giving us your patronage. We shall 
appreciate your inquiry for price and samples, and an oppor- 
tunity to estimate on special goods." 

Although apparently announcing the starting of a new 
enterprise in Jersey City, it was, in reality, the expansion of 
an industry already well established under the management 
of Mr. John J. Voorhees over thirty years before, and the 
foremen of the different departments, most of them, had 
been under the same management for from ten to twenty 
years. 

Starting with a 
small wing of the 
present large and 
well equipped 
factory, with the 
idea of doing 
specialty work 
principally, and 
with characteris- 
tic modesty, not 
expecting quick 
expansion, the 
reputation of the 
president for skill 
and experience 
in the business 
quickly brought 
voluntary orders 
from all over the 
country to such 
an extent that the 
equipment could 
not possibly take 
care of the busi- 
ness, and within 

a year a large addition was made to the mill, doubling its 
capacity. Even with this addition the business grew so fast 
that for two years the factory ran night and day, and it was 
found necessary to add another large wing and establish 
heavier machinery and of greater capacity. 

From time to time it has been necessary to add more and 
more machinery, the latest addition being a number of new 
up-to-date looms for the weaving of cotton fabrics for mill and 
fire hose, a product which is a specialty of the company and 
in the manufacture of which the president is a pioneer. 

The company produces mechanical rubber goods of every 
description, such as rubber belting, hose, packings, mats, 
mattings, valves, tubings, tires, tiling, etc. 

Equipped to make many large and difficult articles where 
quality and methods of construction, knowledge of conditions 
and ultimate economy are the main considerations, and 
where nothing but skilled experience could be successful, 
the Voorhees Rubber Manufacturing Company has been an 
important factor in supplying the United States Government 
and large contracting companies with large suctions, dredg- 
ing sleeves, and other heavy work material of the kind, much 
of which is not attempted by any of its largest competitors. 




Through its New York store, 4S Dey Street, under the 
management of the secretary of the company, Mr. Frank D. 
Voerhees, it is beginning to do some exporting which may 
mean important addition to its already large business in the 
near future. 

With selling agencies in almost every large city in the 
country it is no small agent itself in advertising the importance 
of Jersey City as a manufacturing centre and is one of the 
industries of which the Board of Trade is proud. 

The officers of the company are: John J. Voorhees, 
president; John J. Voorhees, Jr., treasurer; Frank D. 
Voorhees, secretary; G. Frederick Covell, sales manager; 
and Charles T. Dickey, superintendent. They have branch 
offices at 502 Forest Building, Philadelphia; 79 Dearborn 
Street, Chicago; and 532 Byrne Building, Los Angeles, 
California. 

John J. Voorhees, president of the company, was born in 
New Utrecht, June 22, 1848. He comes of Dutch extrac- 
tion. His father, Peter Voorhees, was born on the old farm 
at Flatlands, where his first ancestors settled in 1660. 

Mr. Voorhees received his education in the public schools 
of his native place. In 1863 he accepted a position as a 

clerk in a country 
store, where he 
remained five 
years. Aher fill- 
ing similar posi- 
tions for several 
subsequent 
years, he accept- 
ed a position as 
assistant book- 
keeper in the 
extensive estab- 
lishment of the 
New Jersey Car 
Spring and Rub- 
ber Company of 
Jersey City. 
After his first 
year of service in 
that capacity in 
that concern he 
was promoted 
to the position 
of head book- 
keeper. It was 
not long before his worth and ability were appreciated, and 
he was made secretary of the company, a position he held 
until 1885, when he was elected treasurer of that corporation, 
and in 1 888 was made general manager, leaving that company 
to form the new one in 1897. 

In 1885 he was appointed a member of the Board of Edu- 
cation and served three terms, five successive years of which 
he was president of that body without an opposing candidate. 
In 1 892 he was a member of the Condemnation Commission 
on the County Road. 

On April 30, 1907 Mr. Voorhees wrote a letter to H. Otto 
Wittpenn asking him if he intended to run for Mayor of 
Jersey City on the Democratic ticket. Mr. Wittpenn 
answered in the affirmative, and this was pH-actically the 
beginning of his successful campaign. Mr. Voorhees was a 
protninent member of the Board of Free Library Trustees 
for many years, and at his retirement in February, 1908, he 
was presented with a loving cup by his colleagues. He is a 
trustee of the Children's Home, and has been its president. 
He is a member of the executive committee of the Board of 
Trade of Jersey City, and has taken a most active part in all 
its deliberations, serving one term as its president. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



63 



Foreseeing the many and varied advantages that Jersey 
City offered for manufacturing concerns, not only on account 
of its exxeptional railroad facilities, but also by reason of its 
proximity to New York City, Reed & Carnrick, makers of 
Peptenzyme, Protonuclein.Trophonine, Nephritin, Zymocide, 
Soluble Food, Lacto Preparata, Pancrobilin, Analeptine, 
Kumysgenand Roboline, in 1S99 removed from New York 
and built at 42 to 46 Germania Avenue and 25 to 29 Stillnian 
Avenue, Jersey City, their laboratory for the production of 
pharmaceutical preparations and physiological products. 

Reed & Carnrick enjoy the distinction of being one of the 
oldest pharmaceutical houses in the United States, being 
founded by John Carnrick, a former resident of Jersey City, 
nearly fifty years ago, and from their special work in their 
laboratories have come the products which form the nucleus 
of Parke, Davis & Co. of Detroit, Michigan ; the New York 



This pioneer concern still maintains the high standing 
which it assumed at the beginning, that pharmaceutical 
products should be used by physicians only. So has their 
ethical as well as their high scientific standing made them a 
National reputation among the medical profession. 

They have a large export trade, with branch offices in 
Toronto, Ontario, and London, England, and are represented 
in India and the East. 

The officers are : Dr. Edward Leonard, Jr. (Harvard), 
president; Otto Sartorius, vice-president ; Edward Koenig, 
treasurer; Oswald W. Uhl. assistant treasurer, and Allen 
Chamberlin, secretary. Charles H. Althans, M. D. (New 
York University), Ph. G. (German), is chief of the analytical 
laboratory, with F. H. Harrison Ph. B. (Yale), M. D. 
(Physicians and Surgeons of New York) as his assistant, and 
Justus Beckman, Ph. G. (University of Glessen) is chief of 







1 



Reed & Carnrick Laboratory, Jersey City. 



Pharmaceutical Association of Yonkers, New York ; the 
Maltine Company of Brooklyn, New York ; and the Palisade 
Manufacturing Company, and Arlington Chemical Company 
of Yonkers, New York. 

Of late years Reed & Carnrick have devoted themselves 
almost wholly to physiological products and their special 
laboratories for experimental work, as well as their general 
laboratories, are visited by physicians from all sections of 
the country, where Dr. Edward Leonard, Jr. and his able 
corps of assistants, some of them from the higher scientific 
schools of Germany, map out and assist other physicians in 
research and other scientific work. 

Their laboratories are used wholly for the advancement of 
medical science and their preparations enter into many of 
the prescriptions of the physicians. 



the pharmaceutical laboratory. The firm is a member of 
the Board of Trade of Jersey City, and is deeply interested 
in the advancement of the city. 

The success and development of this business within the 
last few years has been almost phenomenal, and is a mighty 
monument to the pluck and enterprise of its founder, and to 
the wise, experienced, practical and thoroughly up-to-date 
management. The facilities and equipment of the plant are 
second to no similar establishment in the country, everything 
in the way of machinery and labor-saving devices being of 
the most modern character. In the construction of the 
present building the firm was sufficiently progressive to 
provide every known sanitary facility, and the concern has 
been particularly zealous in co-operating with the state as 
regards proper sanitation. 



fi4 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




PIERRE LORILLARD, JR. 



Jersey City is justly noted as the home of P. Lorillard & Company. There is no name connected with the tobacco 
business more widely or more favorably known than that of Lorillard — widely known because identified with the trade 
longer than any other in this country, and favorably because it has always been attached to goods of the finest quality 
and has never been identified with inferior articles. 

The house was founded in 1760 by Pierre Lorillard, a French Huguenot, who began the business on Chatham 
Street, then known as the "High Road to Boston," near Tryon Row, New York City. His skill and enterprise insured 

success to his undertaking from the start. After his death the business was 

conducted by his widow, who bequeathed it to her sons, Peter and George. 
In 1832 George died, and Peter, after managing the already extensive 
property alone for a time, give it up to his son and namesake, who success- 
fully conducted the business alone for nearly thirty years. He then 
relinquished it to his sons, Peter Jr. and George. 

It was the aim of each generation to produce the best goods that were 
in the market, and as the fame of their tobacco grew wider the business of 
the house rapidly increased. In 1868 George retired from the firm, and 
Charles Siedler, once mayor of Jersey City, was admitted as a partner. In 
1870 the firm name of P. Lorillard & Co. was adopted. At that time the 
firm consisted of Peter Lorillard, P. Lorillard, Jr., N. Griswold Lorillard 
and Charles Siedler. The steady and well directed efforts of a century and 
a quarter had aided in raising the house to a commanding position, and by 
that time Lorillard had become a household word and the old snuff mill on 
the Bronx had passed into history. 

The business was incorporated in 1891, with P. Lorillard, Jr. as 
president, G. D. Findlay, vice-president and treasurer and Ethan Allen, 
secretary. In 1899 there was elected the present executive board, of which 
Thomas J. Maloney is president, William B. Rhett, vice-president and 
secretary and W. G. Hellmer, treasurer. Mr. Maloney, who is the repre- 
sentative of the company in the Board of Trade of Jersey City, has resided 
in Jersey City since 1885. He was general manager of the company from 
1885 to 1899, when he accepted the presidency of the company. 

The company has completed its plans for the new factory to be erected 
on the old Thompson estate in Marion. The factory is to occupy 170 city 
lots and will be six stories high. It will be a fireproof building constructed 
of steel and brick, and it is expected that between 4,000 and 5,000 hands 
will be employed in the plant. The site for the new factory is bounded by 
West Newark Avenue, the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railroad, 
Dey Street and Senate Place. At the request of the company Cherry 
Lane from Senate Place to the Susquehanna Railroad has been vacated by 
the city. 

The location of this plant in Marion will no doubt cause a big boom in 
real estate in that section and as a consequence owners of property are 
much pleased. Of course many of the employees of the factory will look 
for homes near by their work. There are not many vacant houses or 
apartments in that section now, and if the factory employees are to be 
accommodated new houses will have to be built. There is plenty of vacant 
property in that section. 

The site selected for the new plant is an admirable one. It will 
practically have the benefit of four railroads — the Pennsylvania, the Lacka- 
wanna, the Susquehanna and the Erie. This means facilities for the 
shipping of the products to all parts of the country. 

The growth of tobacco culture in the United States is especially interest- 
ing, and includes the improvement of domestic filled tobacco through the 
introduction of the Cuban seed-leaf industry into the Southern States and 
into Ohio ; the introduction and supervision of the bulk fermentation 
process of Ohio ; the completion of the experiment for producing a shade- 
grown wrapper tobacco in Connecticut which will meet trade requirements ; 
improving the fire-cured types of shipping tobacco in Virginia, and extensive 
improvements in the culture in New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, 
Wisconsin, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Tobacco farms are most paying 
investments for the farmers, and statistics show that they are growing in 
value at the rate of $75,000,000 annually. This increased value is invested 
better than in bank deposits or even in gilt-edged bonds of private 
corporations. 

The growth of tobacco is becoming a great study with the farmers of 
the United States. In 1893, the first year of the state system of farmer's institutes in Maryland, the officers of the state 
experiment station advocated the use of crimson clover as a preparatory crop for tobacco, and the general opinion held 
with regard to such a practice was that it was ruinous to the crop. The station teaching, however, took root, and in addition 
to crimson clover, which is now quite frequently grown in this connection, cowpeas are also used as a preparatory crop for 
tobacco. In Connecticut the growers have generally adopted the methods of fertilization for tobacco which the station 
tested and advocated. 




PIERRE LORILLARD, SR. 




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66 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




The tobacco crops of the world, for the year 1906, which 
was an average year, showed a grand total of 2,201, 191, UOO 
pounds. Of this crop North America produced 754,790,000 
pounds, which was divided into the United States, including 
Porto Rico, 010,429.000 pounds ; Canada, of which Ontario 
and Quebec were the main provinces, 11,432,000 pounds; 
Cuba, 28,629,000 pounds; Guatemala, 1,300,000 pounds, 
and Mexico, 23,000,000 pounds. 

South America produced 103,717,000 pounds, divided into 
Argentina, 31,000 pounds; Bolivia, 3,000 pounds; Brazil, 
52,095,000 pounds; Chile, 6,000,000 pounds; Ecuador, 
122,000 pounds; Paraguay, 10,000 pounds, and Peru, 1,500,- 
000 pounds. 

In Europe, with a total of 623,543,000 pounds, Austria- 
Hungary, including Bosina-Herzegovina, is the largest 
producers with 187,253,000 poimds, and the other producing 
countries are Belgium, 15,001,000 pounds; Bulgaria, 
8,638,000 pounds; Denmark, 340,000 pounds; France, 
36,416,000 pounds; Germany, 70,374,000 pounds ; Greece, 
11,000,000 pounds; Italy, 15,605,000 pounds ; Netherlands, 
1,500,000 pounds ; Roumania, 9,994,000 pounds; Russia, 
162,020,000 pounds; Servia, 2,379,000 pounds; Sweden, 
2,663,000 pounds, and Turkey, including Asiatic Turkey, 
100,000,000 pounds. 

British India leads Asia with 450,000,000 pounds, the 
Dutch East Indies, including Borneo, Java and Sumatra, 
has 109,251,000 pounds, the Japanese Empire, including 
Japan and Formosa, 90,118,000 pounds, and the Phillipine 
Islands, 46,800,000 pounds, making a total for Asia of 
696,169,000 pounds. 

There was produced in Africa only 20,847,000 pounds, 
which was divided into Algeria, 1 1,668,000 pounds ; British 
Central Africa, 413,000 pounds; Cape of Good Hope, 
5,000,000 pounds; Mauritius, 13,000 pounds; Natal, 103,000 
pounds, and the Orange River Colony, 650,000 pounds. 
Oceania furnished 2,125,000 pounds, of which Australia, in- 
cludingQueensland, NewSouth Wales and Victoria, produced 

2,124,000 pounds, and the Fiji Islands the balance. The production for South America, especially Brazil, is largely under- 
stated, because domestic consumption is unknown. There are no statistics for China, Persia, Central America (except 

Guatemala), the West Indies (except Cuba and Porto Rico), and several less important tobacco-growing countries. 

In 1906, there were 796,099 acres of tobacco-growing land in the United States, with an average yield per acre of 

857.2 pounds, and a production of 682,428,530 pounds at an average price of ten cents per pound. The domestic exports 

of unmanufactured tobacco were 340,742,864 pounds, and the imports 40,898,S07 pounds. 

The states producing tobacco are New Hampshire, Ver- 
mont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Pennsyl- 
vania, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, 

South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, 

Wisconsin, Missouri, Kentucky (which leads them all), 

Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and 

Arkansas. These states had a tobacco-growing area in 

1907 of 820,800 acres, with an average yield per acre of 

850.5 pounds and a production of 698, 1 16,000 pounds at an 

average price of 10.2 cents per pound. 

The firm of P. Lorillard & Co., which handles so large a 

percentage of this enormous tobacco crop, is probably the 

leading industry in Jersey City, and has done more to 

advertise Jersey City in the markets of the world than any 

manufacturing industry that was ever located here. It 

furnishes employment to a large army of operators, both 

male and female, who are paid good wages, and is the means 

of keeping many families in Jersey City, who otherwise 

might move away in order that the wage-earner might find 

employinent for their support. Its policy has always been a 

liberal one with its employees, and special privileges will be 

granted them in the new plant in keeping with the modern 

theory of providing for the health of the artisan. The plant 

which is now building is a model of its kind, and will prove 

a valuable acquisition to the ratables of Jersey City. The 

city may justly feel proud of so world-famous and liberal a 

firm as is this one. OLD JERSEY ClTY PLANT. 



Thomas J. Maloney, President. 




JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



67 



The Merchants' Refrigerating Company of New Jersey 
was organized in 1901 and began business the following 
year. The enterprise was a success from the start, although 
the house provided an additional 3,500,0(30 cubic feet of cold 
storage and freezing capacity for the metropolitan market. 

The warehouse and plant occupies the entire block bounded 
by First, Second, Warren and Provost Streets, Jersey City, 
and the company owns another block adjoining to provide 
for future additions when necessary. Its chief business is 
cold storage and refrigeration, and the principal articles 
stored are butter, eggs, cheese, poultry, meats and fruits. 
The officers are: William Wills, president; James E. 
Nichols, vice-president; James Wills, secretary and 
treasurer; Frank A. Home, assistant secretary, William 
R Foster' manager, and William Wills, James Wills, James 
E. Nichols, William Brinkerhotf, F. W. Woolworth, Warren 
Cruikshanic and George G. DeLacy, directors. The cor- 
poration is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 



giving a total floor area of ,^92,000 square feet, and it takes 
2,.='000 carloads to completely fill them. Each room is 
capable of holding 30,000 tubs of butter or 30,000 cases of 
eggs, both of which products are kept for many months 
in these warehouses before they are put on the market. 
The rooms are all kept at a temperature below zero, which 
totally precludes the possibility of any deterioration or de- 
composition. 

In conjunction with the cold storage warehouse the 
Merchants' Refrigerating Company operates a mammoth 
ice plant, which allows for the manufacture of one hundred 
tons of ice a day, made from filtered water. The company 
furnishes employment to over a hundred hands, and is 
recognized as one of the leading commercial corporations in 
the city, having located here on account of the exceptional 
transportation facilities. This location was not decided 
upon in haste, but only after a careful study of the situation 
and a comparison with several other sites that had been 




f^SXr^^T 



The Jersey City warehouses are of steel, concrete and 
brick construction, and have terminal railroad connections 
with the Pennsylvania Railroad and switching arrangements 
with all other roads. The company is closely at^iliated with 
the Merchants' Refrigerating Company of IGl Chambers 
Street and 35 North Moore Street, New York City, another 
successful concern in the same line, operating warehouses 
in New York with 4,000,000 cubic feet of cold storage space. 

On the north side of the Jersey City warehouse are track 
facilities for unloading ten cars at a time, and it is no 
unusual thing to see them tested to their full capacity. The 
contents of the cars are unloaded on small trucks and 
transferred into the warehouse directly. Twenty-eight cars 
have been unloaded in one day, and not a day passes when 
half that amount is not cared for. The produce is carried to 
various parts of the massive warehouse by eleven spacious 
elevators, which are at work the major portion of the day. 

There are twenty-eight rooms, each 70 x 200 feet in size, 



presented for consideration. 

So firmly was the company convinced of the wisdom of 
its selection that although it had no intention of constructing 
but one building for several years, it purchased two complete 
blocks of ground, and is now prepared for the addition at 
any time of another warehouse building of the same size 
and character as the present plant. At the rate that the 
business is now increasing, this addition will soon become a 
necessity, and it is said that plans have already been prepared 
for its construction. The officers of the company are as 
enthusiastic in singing the praises of Jersey City as are the 
oldest residents, and have great faith in the city's future 
The establishing of plants of this nature in Jersey City 
means much for the future commercial prosperity of the 
city, and is an evidence of its great desirability as a ware- 
house centre. It is only a question of a few years when 
much of the lower portion of the city north of the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad will be given up to plants of this character. 



(;s 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



One of the largest warehouses in Jersey City is that of the 
Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, which company 
was established in 1S59, and incorporated in 1901. Its 
capital is $2,100,000 and its otficers are George H. Hartford, 
president; John A. Hartford, vice-president; George L. 
Hartford, treasurer and Edward V. Hartford, secretary. 
Mr. George H. Hartford has been connected with the 
business since its establishment. The main office of the 
company is at West and Vestry Streets, New York City, 
and it has over three hundred branch houses in all the 
principal cities in the United States. Its products are teas, 
coffees, spices and groceries. 

The company has made a thorough study for almost half 
a century how to cater direct to the masses, and save them 



exchange or refund the money and pay all expenses. Upon 
these conditions one runs no risk in trading at the A. and P. 
stores. Every article is guaranteed absolutely pure, full 
weight, lowest prices and best on the market. A satisfied 
customer is their best advertisement. With their three 
hundred branches and over five thousand wagons they can 
afford to sell better goods for less money than smaller 
concerns. No individual store can compete with them. 
They buy by the car-loads for cash and sell for cash, thus 
making no bad debts. Their business is strictly co- 
operative. 

The entire management of this gigantic chain of grocery 
stores is directed from the company's new plant in Jersey 
City, at First, Bay and Provost Streets. This has only 




all intermediate profits between producer and consumer. 
They can conscientiously say that they have been successful. 
Since the establishment of the Great Atlantic and Pacific 
Tea Company in 1859, it has saved the people of the United 
States millions of dollars in the articles of teas, coffees, 
baking powder, extracts, spices and grocery specialties. 
When the company was established, teas and coffees were 
a luxury ; now they are articles of necessity in every house- 
hold in the United States. The company is now supplying 
all kinds of pure groceries to the masses at prices from 
twenty-five to forty per cent, cheaper than they can be 
procured elsewhere, and there are no short weights. 

All goods sold by the company are guaranteed to give the 
best satisfaction ; if not, they will take them back and 



recently been completed at a tremendous cost. The building 
is a perfect example of the latest reinforced concrete type, 
occupying an entire block, and is the only plant of its kind 
in the world. Not a stick of wood was used in its erection, 
which is a monutnent of architectural construction. Thou- 
sands of sprinklers are distributed throughout the floors, 
which automatically emit streams of water if the temperature 
of the floor rises to a height that only a fire can produce. 
This tnakes the building absolutely fireproof, placing the 
insurance rate at the minimum rate. 

The company also owns the adjoining property, where it 
will add to its plant, inaking it twice its present size. The 
power house which supplies all the electricity for lighting, 
elevators and the running machinery is opposite the plant. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



69 



A. Lincoln West, the proprietor of the works bearing his 
name, known as West Pulverizing Machine Company, 
whose extensive plant occupies the entire block at Pollock 
and Mallory Avenues and the Central Railroad of New 
Jersey, at Jersey City, was born near Trenton, N. J., 
January 2Sth, 1863, and attended the public schools, his 
early years being spent on a farm. When a boy he was 
employed four years in the City Clerk's ot'Hce of Trenton, 
and at sixteen years of age became apprenticed to the 
machinist trade, learning the business in all its branches. 

At the age of twenty-one he started in business for himself 
in a very small way and about eight years ago moved to 
Jersey City, where he started the erection of the present 
plant. The business since th.it time has constantly increased, 
until at the present the machinery manufactured is shipped 
to all parts of the continent. The specialties of manufacture 
are pulverizers for cement, quartz, graphite, and a full 
line of rolls, washers, and 
other machinery used in the 
manufacture of rubber. Since 
the recent discovery of the 
value of Guayule rubber, he 
has made large shipments of 
machinery to Mexico for this 
purpose. 

The plant is equipped with 
the most modern machine 
tools, having the largest 
capacity in this part of the 
country, and is prepared to 
do the heaviest kind of work 
in all departments. Complete 
equipments are furnished for 
all kinds of cement manu- 
facturing plants, and there are 
mills for all materials, plain 
and continuous feed and 
discharge cylindars, porcelain 
linings and flint pebbles. 

Mr. West recently closed a 
contract at Gouvernour, New 
York, with the International 
Pulp Company of that place 
for the entire equipment of 
pulverizing machinery for the 
manufacture of talc being 
erected there by this firm. 

The name of West is of 
English origin. Among the 
nobility is the house of 
Delaware founded by Thomas 
West, who was a member of 
Parliament as Baron West in 
1342, and the eleventh in 
succession from the founder 
of the line was Thomas West 
governor of Virginia and from 
and bay were named 



Lord Delaware), who was 
whom the Delaware river 
Wests were early settlers of Virginia 
and South Carolina and were prominent there. 

Matthew West, who came from England in 1636, located 
at Lynn, Massachusetts, afterward going to Rhode Island. 
His fourth son was Bartholomew, who married Catherine 
Almy of Rhode Island in the year 1650. They moved to 
Monmouth County in the year 1666 and were among the 
founders of the new settlements that took the name of 
Shrewsbury and other well-known names. Bartholomew 
West was a member of the first Assembly of East New 
Jersey which met December 14, 1667. He died about the 
year 1692. Their son John West married Jane Wiggs at 
Shrewsbury October 15, 1694. 



His oldest son, Bartholomew, married Susanna Shinn of 
Burlington County, October 5, 1727, and located on a farm 
northwest of Allentown, N. J., now Washington township, 
Meicer County. He died during the War of the Revolution 
of smallpox contracted from his son William who had caught 
this disease from the British at New Brunswick, N. J., 
which developed after his escape from them. 

This son William, the youngest child, born 1750, married 
in 1778, Anne Stout, daughter of John and Margaret Taylor 
of Middlesex, Monmouth County. She was a great-grand 
daughter of Richard Stout, the first English settler of New 
Jersey, whose wife was Penelope (Van Princess) Stout, the 
"Dutch Lady" whose most remarkable escape from death 
by shipwreck, and the fearful wounds inflicted by Indians 
who thought they had killed all the passengers who had 
escaped, is the most interesting incident in the early history 
of New Jersey. William West before his marriage had some 

stirring adventures with the 
enemy, being imprisoned and 
held at New Brunswick, 
escaping in the night, carry- 
ing home the germs of small- 
pox resulting in the death of 
his father as already stated. 
Their family consisted of nine 
children and their descen- 
dents are very numerous in 
Mercer County, New Jersey. 
Their youngest son Joseph 
Lippet NX'est, born November 
14, 1798, married Ann Pear- 
son, great-great-grand-daugh- 
ter of the Robert Pearson who 
came from England in 1681. 
James Gordon West, the 
second son of Joseph Lippet 
"VCest and Ann Pearson West, 
married Martha McKean 
Hutchinson, daughter of 
Abram R. Hutchinson and 
Ann Robbins Hutchinson of 
Hamilton Square, New 
Jersey, December, 31, 1851. 
He was an honored and in- 
fluential resident of Hamilton 
township, Mercer County, 
New Jersey, being elected 
the first mayor of Chambers- 
burg, a suburb of Trenton, 
and was one of the incorpo- 
rators and first trustees of 
Hamilton Avenue M. E. 
Church. Hewastwiceelected 
to the New Jersey legislature 
in 1863 and 1864, was a 
prominent builder and an ardent member of the Republican 
party. This branch of the family of the Wests is noted for 
their staunch patriotism and prominent as men of affairs. 

The Forty-sixth British Regiment during the War of the 
Revolution, has in its possession a family bible taken from 
Stephen West, Jr., which contains many entries of births, 
deaths, etc., of the Wests and some notes made of hard 
winters and deep snows. The Forty-sixth Regiment have 
called it, and still call it the Washington Bible. They prize 
it highly and have carried it with them during all their 
travels. They had been told that George Washington had 
been obligated on this bible in some of the degrees of 
Free-masonry. 

Mr. A. Lincoln West is the fourth child of James Gordon 
West and Martha McKean Hutchinson. 




A. Lincoln West. 



70 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



To say that Collins, Lavery & Co. have furnished the 
lumber for the New York Stock Exchange, the New York 
Maritime Exchange, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the 
New York Public Library, the Jersey City Public Library, 
the Jersey City City Hall, the Peoples' Palace of Jersey City 
the Harvard Club of New York, the Columbia University 
of New York, the Horace Mann School of New York, 
the Fourth Regiment of New Jersey Armory of Jersey 
City, the Seventy-first Regiment Armory of New York, the 
Trenton Armory, the New York Custom House, the St. 
Regis Hotel of New York, the Prince George Hotel of New 
York, the New York Clearing House, the Metropolitan 
Building of New York, the Pennsylvania, Lackawanna and 
Erie ferry-houses, C. R. R. of New Jersey ferry-house. 
New York, P. R. R. terminal 32nd Street, New York, 
Hudson terminals, Brooklyn Bridge extension, Chelsea 



customers been kept waiting by reason of failure to deliver 
orders. 

The system of storing lumber in the yards is so arranged 
that every piece is known. In these times, when $500,000 
buudlngs are as common as $10,000 structures were a few 
years ago, this is one of the most essential factors of the 
success of a modern business concern, and by this feature 
alone the customers of Collins, Lavery & Co, have incieased 
in number three-fold since the present extensive building 
and construction operations in New York and Jersey City 
began, requiring that lumber and timber be delivered during 
the hours of the night as well as in the day-time. The 
company has a private telephone line from New York 
connecting all departments. Five trunk lines are kept busy 
at all times. 

The business was established in 1893, and was the first in 



i 










Collins, Lavery & Co. Yakds, Communipaw Avenue. 



piers, McAdoo tunnels, Essex Troop Armory, Newark, 
Naval Brigade Armory, Brooklyn, Museum of Fine Arts. 
Boston, West Point Riding Academy, Masonic Temple, 
Brooklyn, City Investing Building, Title Guarantee and 
Trust Building, Hammerstein's Victoria, New York, Hippo- 
drome, New York, and scores of other equally important 
buildings, gives some idea of the scope of the business done 
by this prosperous Jersey City firm. 

And yet it gives but a faint idea, for the business done by 
this firm cannot be told by words. The wonderful building 
development in New York City and vicinity during the past 
few years has taxed the capacity of the plant to its utmost, 
but by careful and attentive business management it has 
succeeded in coping with the demand, and in no case have 



tiis section of the country o apply electricity to the running 
of a saw- and planing-miU. The officers are David B. 
Collins, president ; George C. Lavery, vice-president, and 
James L. Nobel, secretary. Their New York office is at 32 
Conlandt Street. 

Early in 1907 a factory for the manufacture of packing 
boxes was added. The company achieved success in this 
line equal to their success in the lumber business. 

The plant, which is located at Communipaw Avenue just 
east of the main line of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, 
covers an area of about ten acres, and the product is lumber 
and timber. They also deal in white pine, spruce and 
hemlock, with hardwoods and rift-grain flooring a specialty. 
The firm is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



71 



The business of Mead Johnson & Company, manufactur- 
ing chemists, affords another instance of rapid manufacturing 
progress made in Jersey City within the past decade. 

Mr. E. M. Johnson, the founder and principal owner of 
the above business, retired from the well known pharma- 
ceutical house of Johnson & Johnson of New Brunswick, 
N. J., about ten years snice, coming to Jersey City to take 
up the manufacture of a number of chemical products he 
had been previously experimenting with. Establishing his 
laboratory in the three story building at 81 Steuben Street, 
he began the business which quickly outgrew its quarters, 
calling for additional room which was 
obtained in an an adjoining building 
which in turn was outgrown. Having 
by this time learned the physical and 
mechanical requirements of his busi- 
ness, Mr. Johnson began planning a 
suitable and permanent shelter for an 
extensive business. The culmination 
of these plans is seen in solid, coin- 
molious and perfectly equipped la- 
boratory illustrated herewith, 50 x 1 50, 
a'ld located at Bergen and Kearney 
Avenues. 

The products of the laboratory are 
high-class pharmaceuticals and chemi- 
cals and certain important biological products which the firm 
controls and which are fast making it famous as origina- 
tors and manufacturers of scientific articles. The prepara- 
tions of this firm are made for physicians use only, hence are 
little known to the general public. 

For many years this coiripany has given special attention 
to the production of vegetable digestive ferments. Its success 
is perhaps best measured by the present extensive use of its 
products by the medical profession. 




Mead Johnson & Company 



During the past ten years, various attempts have been 
made to present the vegetable digestive ferments (especially 
those found in the Carica Papaya) in usable form to the 
medical profession, but these products have fallen far short 
of representing the possibilities of this combination of 
enzymes, being open to the serious objections which attend 
crudeness of manufacture, such as weakness and uncertainty 
in digestive action, and being hygroscopic and unstable, 
faults incidental to their having been treated as a side issue 
by large manufacturing concerns, instead of being made, as 
tfiey should be, the subject of an exclusive business and 
^,^,^ study, as no field in pharmacy is 

broader than that which is offered 
here. 

The perfecting of the process for 
refining the ferments of the pig, whicn 
has required nearly fifty years to com- 
plete, was in comparison an easy 
task. 

Caroid is the final result of a pro- 
longed and intelligent study of the 
various methods employed in the 
growing of ferment yielding plants, 
and in insolatingand refining vegetable 
ferments, a work which the members 
of Mead Johnson & Co. were especi- 
ally qualified to take up, as their experience in this line has 
covered nearly the whole period since the subject was first 
introduced by Wurtz and Bouchut. 

Caroid has all important qualities of acnng energetically 
upon all food, especially upon proteids and fats, in either an 
acid, an alkaline, or a neutral medium, and where the 
quantity of liquid is small as ordinarily exists in the human 
stomach. The company is a member of the Board of Trade 
of Jersey City. 



The Safety Car Heating and Lighting Company, which 
has its large storehouse at Erie and 11th and 12th Streets, 
was organized May 5, 1887. The general offices are at 2 
Rector Street, New York City, and the officials are : 

Robert M. Dixon, president ; Randolph Parmly, vice- 
president ; D. W. Pye, vice-president ; C. H. Wardell, 
treasurer and assistant secretary ; I. P. Lawton, secretary 
and assistant treasurer. 

The phenomenal success of this company is best shown 
by the extensive use of its car heating equipments, and the 
almost universal adoption of Pintsch Gas as a car lighting 
medium throughout the United States and Canada. 

Realizing the advantageous shipping facilities offered by 
Jersey City, the company located a small storage accom- 
modation at No. 167 First Street in 1889. The need for 
more space made necessary the removal of the plant to 
Grove and Tenth Streets, where half a block was occupied, 
and in 1S98 the enormous increase in business necessitated 
the occupation of the present plant at Erie and Eleventh 
Streets, where three three-story buildings were erected, 
taking in two-thirds of this block. The interiors of these 
buildings have been fitted up to meet the requirements of a 
modern storehouse in which is stored much of the material 
required for the equipping of cars and the maintenance of 
the company's eighty-one Pintsch Gas supply plants in 
America. 

The history of this immense business is a repetition of 
the story of the small beginning. When the coiripany first 
organized to introduce the Pintsch system started its work, 
the railway cars of the country were lighted, almost without 
exception, by the use of oil lamps which, while economical 
as far as the cost of oil was concerned, necessitated a large 
expense for maintenance and rep'acing of ruined carpets 
and upholstery. 



It meant vim and vigor in all departments of a good 
organization to so present its new light to the railroad 
interests as to secure for it even the small recognition which 
was at first accorded. So the early days in this company 
were not unlike those experienced by many another, but 
Pintsch light had winning qualities and the company an 
efficient staff of officials, so that each year brought a 
broader adoption of the system until it became, as it did 
about ten years ago, the almost universal standard for car 
lighting in the United States and more recently in Canada. 
The company has sold over 36,500 equipments in the United 
States, Canada and Mexico, and the system has been 
installed on over 165,000 cars throughout the world. 

But the Pintsch system of to-day is not the Pintsch system 
of twenty years ago. From a flat-fiame lamp giving 33 
candles— which represented a very great improvement over 
all oil lighting— there has been perfected a mantle lamp to 
give an illumination of 99.5 candle power. From the old 
flat-fiame lamp, consuming 3.2 cubic feet per hour, there 
has been developed this mantle lamp consuming only 2.125 
cubic feet per hour, and, withal, giving a three-fold greater 
illumination. 

From the severely plain fixture of twenty years ago there 
has been evolved, and made possible by new methods, 
fixtures of real artistic worth, in perfect keeping with modern 
interior car finishes. 

This company's axle-driven dynamo system of electric 
lighnng, a product of sixteen years' experience, is now 
operating successfully on leading roads. 

In the heating department the company also has the same 
record for good work, U'lO railroads having applied to 20,500 
cars the following systems : Controllable direct steam and 
hot water, or where pressure is not desired, the Thermo-Jet 
system. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



The New Jersey Paint Works, located at the corner of 
Wayne and Fremont Streets, Jersey City, and of which Mr. 
Harry Loudei-hough is proprietor, was established in 1889. 

Mr. Louderbough had been formerly employed with the 
C. A. Woolsey Paint and Color Company, and in starting 
his new industry had a very wide and extended experience 
in the sale and manufacturing of paints for house and marine 
purposes. Their brands of paints known as " New Jersey" 
Pure Linseed Oil Paints and "New Jersey" Copper Paints 
and Anti-corrosive and Anti-fouling Composition have a 
large market. 

One of the most difficult problems evei- presented in 
connection with shipbuilding has been that of manufacturing 
a successful paint to protect the submerged bottom of iron 
vessels. Rust is a natural enemy of iron, and salt water 
increases its enmity to a very great extent, so that the 



specialty in the paint line, and to-day one of the largest and 
most successful producers is the New Jersey Paint Works, 
whose productions are now sold ail over the world. In 
their foreign introduction labels in seven foreign languages 
are used. 

The company's trademark, registered in the United States 
Patent Office, is a copy of a photograph of a board having 
one end painted with "New Jersey" Copper Paint, and 
placed in the water at Port Royal, S. C. for five months. 
Upon the unpainted end can be noted the ravages of the 
salt water worm so destructive to wood, and also the large 
number of barnacles that have fastened upon it. Attention 
is called to the splendid condition of the painted end, where 
" New Jersey" Copper Paint was applied. 

In testimony of this Mills Edwards, master of the schooner 
Florence Shay, says: "The board here represented was 




making of a paint that will remain hard under water and 
possess tenacity enough to contend against the incessant 
friction, and thus check the ravages of rust, is no easy 
matter. After the applications of such an anti-corrosive 
paint comes the difficulty of producing an anti-fouling paint 
for the second coat. This, it is conceded, must be poisonous 
in nature, but without harming either the under coat or the 
iron. 

Equally difficult with these problems is that of manufactur- 
ing an anti-fouling composition to protect the bottom of 
wooden vessels. Many poisonous ingredients were tried 
from time to time, until some years ago copper oxide began 
to gain favor and to-day it is generally used. If properly 
manufactured it gives the results desired, but out of the many 
manufactured copper paints only a few have obtained any 
degree of success. Marine paint production has become a 



placed in the water at Port Royal, S. C, by me, and left in 
the water five months. The painted end was as good as 
when it was placed in the water." 

The New Jersey Paint Works, in the twenty years of its 
existence, has not only become one of the leading manu- 
facturing industries of Jersey City, but has likewise become 
famous throughout the world, for its products are sold in 
every country to which the ships of commerce go. Mr. 
Louderbough gi\es the business his personal attention, and 
although connected with other enterprises, both commercial 
and financial, considers this his first charge, and spends 
much of the business day at the factory. The productions 
are absolutely the best, and hence the success attending 
their introduction and sale has been remarkable, for no 
other copper paint has ever received such a rapid introduc- 
tion. Its guaranteed quality has made it gready liked. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO DAY. 



73 



Of the many varied lines of manutactur 
in Jersey Ciiy, none is more prominent 
Truslow & Fulle, Incorporated, maniifactin-< 
corks and corlv special- 
ties tor prescription and 
pharmaceutical purpo- 
ses, and the largest in- 
dependent cork factory 
in the United States out- 
side of the trust, with 
factories at Washington 
and Morgan Streets. 
The company was 
formedoriginallyin 1.S96 
hy co-partnership of E. 
L. Truslow and Chas. 
A. Fulle which termi- 
nated 1901, when same 
was incorporated under 
the laws of the state of 
New Jersey. Mr. E. 
L. Truslow's one half 
interest was taken over 
in 1905 by Mr. Chas. 
A. Fulle who now owns 
the corporation. 

In 1904, realizing the 
great advantage to be 
gained by the fact of 
being located m Jersey 
City, the company re- 
moved to the present 
address. Its otficersare 
Charles A. Fulle, presi- 



ing corporations secretary and treasurer. The company is a member of the 
in its line than Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

ers of high-grade The successful growtti and development of this concern 

has been marked. They 
employ over two hun- 
dred operators, are 
equipped with modern, 
up-to-date machinery 
and cater only to the 
high grade pharmaceu- 
tical, proprietary and 
drug trade, who use the 
highest grade of pre- 
scription corks, which 
are cut from the best 
grade of Spanish, Portu- 
gese and Algerian cork- 
wood, all of which is 
imported direct by them 
from the forest of these 
countries. 

The plant is situated 
on the line of the new 
Hudson River tunnel, 
the opening of which 
will enable them to have 
practically all of the 
advantages of a location 
in New York City. It 
is one of the repre- 
sentative industries of 
Jersey City, and so 
extensive has become 
its business that its fame 




TRusLO^x' & Fulle, Inc. 



dent ; J. Henry Fulle, vice-president and Henry F. Stowe, has travelled to all parts of the world. 



The Boynton Furnace Company, sole manufacturers of 
Boynton's furnaces, ranges, hot water heaters, steam 
heaters, e tc, was established in 1849, and since that time 
has held a high place among the leading manufacturing 
industries in Jersey City. The company, which has been 
located in the Lafayette section of Jersey City ever since it 
has been engaged in business, was incorporated November 
4, 1908, under the laws of the State of New Jersey, with a 
capital stock of $400,000, divided into 4,000 shares of a par 
value of $100 each. 

Two years subsequent to its original incorporation in 
1S86 the buildings which compose its present extensive 
plant on Pacific Avenue were erected. During the last 
ten years the business has increased more than fifty per 
cent, and its products are now specified in many of the 
largest buildings in the United States, while many of the 
furnaces, ranges and heaters are also shipped to foreign 
countries. The eastern offices of the company are located 
at 106 West Thirty-seventh Street, New York City, and the 
western offices are at 147 and 149 Lake Street, Chicago, 
where J. H. Manny and C. E. Manny are the managers. 

The officers of the company are E. E. Dickinson, president 
and treasurer; S. A. Swenson, vice president ; C. M. 
Benedict, assistant treasurer and William Ritchie, secretary. 
These officers are also the directors of the company. 
Richard Rouse, Jr. is general superintendent of the manu- 
facturing department at the Jersey City foundry. The 
company is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

The low pressure system of steam heating has long been 
in favor, and its merits are well known, costing somewhat 
less than hot water circulation. It is adapted for residences 
as well as any other class of buildings, and when properly 
installed is a very satisfactoi'y apparatus. The methods 
employed are by direct, direct-indirect and indirect radiation, 



all of which have their advantages when intelligently applied. 
Thousands of testimonials testify to the superior merits of 
the Boynton apparatus. 

Hot water circulation is a delightful method of heating, 
and is considered by some authorities the ideal system. 
The Boynion hot water heaters are in successful operation 
in many residences, schools, hospitals, churches, hotels, 
apartment houses and greenhouses. They are economical 
in the consumption of fuel when properly designed, simple 
and effective. The company's long experience in this line 
of business has been attended with phenomenal success, 
and having the best practical engineering talent, they are 
in a postion to ad\ise intelligently. 

One of the most essential things in relation to a heating 
job, either steam or water, is the prime necessity of a^nple 
chimney flue capacity. It requires but very little knowlc'ge 
on the part of the fitter or engineer to decide whether or not 
the chimney flue to which the boiler may be connected is of 
proper size and height. The question of fuel economy is 
one that depends to a great extent on the chimney flue, 
therefore, it behooves the owner and contractor to give the 
size and shape of the chimney flue the most careful con- 
sideration. 

Occasionally the heating contractor meets a very favorable 
draft condition, with the result that it is good judgment to 
reduce the grate area of the boiler. Boynton sectional 
boilers admirably adapt themselves to this provision, and 
when the heating contractor wishes, bridge-wall sections are 
furnished which reduce the grate area. 

Combination heating apparatus comprises the excellent 
characteristics of both the wartn air furnace and the hot 
water heater. It makes possible a greater range of work 
with the former and maintains the excellent provision for 
indroducing fresh air. 



74 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



The manufacture of oil barrels and hogsheads as now 
carried on by J. J. O'Connor at his factory in Morgan 
Street is one of the pioneer industries of Jersey City, and 
was started thirty-five years ago by T. O'Connor & Son, 
which firm began business in a small plant that covered but 
one lot at Sixteenth and Erie Streets. The comparison 
between that small 
plant and the present 
great industry is the 
best evidence of the 
growth of the business, 
which has increased 
steadily until it is now 
one of the leaders in 
its line in the United 
States, and known 
from Maine to Cali- 
fornia. 

As the business grew, 
the plant was siioved to 
Washington and First 
Streets, where they 
leased an entire block, 
and when a few years 
ago the demands of the 
railroads made neces- 
sary another change, a 
location was found at 
Morgan and Greene 
Streets, with five lots 
on First Street. This 

is now the main plant, and a branch office at Philadelphia 
takes care of the Pennsylvania and Delaware trade, while a 
European branch has been established at Liverpool, Eng- 
land. 




Wagon with Shocks for Africa. 



It is from the European branch that the business is done 
with South Africa, for Mr. O'Connor has a large South 
African trade, which has increased greatly during the past 
few years. It is not generally known that the hogsheads 
that are used in South Africa are made in Jersey City, but 
such is the case. They are put up here in shooks, with nine 

hogsheads to each 
shook, and shipped to 
Liverpool, and thence 
to South Africa. All 
hogsheads were 
formerly shipped in 
sections and put to- 
gether in Liverpool, 
but this has all been 
done away with, and 
the work all done in 
Jersey City. 

Mr. O'Connor was 
born in Ireland fifty- 
one years ago and 
came to this country 
at an early age. He 
has made a life-study 
of the manufacture of 
oil barrels and hogs- 
heads. He is a mem- 
ber of the Board of 
Trade of Jersey City, 
and an earnest advo- 
cate of any measure 
for the improvement of the city or tending towards its proper 
recognition among the great cities of the United States. As 
an old resident of the city, he is proud of its merits and 
advantages. 



The Alphaduct Company was incorporated under the laws 
of New Jersey in 1902 to manufacture Alphaduct conduit, a 
flexible tube used for the protection of electric wires, and 
made of non-metallic fibre and insulating compounds. The 
manufactured product conforms to the rules and regulations 
of the National electric 
code for use under the 
rules and requirements of 
the National Board of 
Fire Underwriters, and is 
regularly inspected and 
approved at the Under- 
writer's laboratories. 

The company started 
business in New York in 
1902, but its annual in- 
crease in business averag- 
ing over fifty per cent., it 
soon found that its plant 
was too small, and in 
1905 moved to its present 
location at 134, 136 and 
138 Cator Avenue, 
Jersey City. The officers 
are Russel Dost, presi- 
dent ; Courtney Hyde, 
secretary, and J. T. 
Monell, treasurer. 

The Alphaduct flexible 
conduit tubing, which is 
included in the list of 

approved electrical fittings by the Underwriters' National 
Electrical Association, is carefully restricted in manufacture 
to the most approved materials. Alphaduct possesses the 




The Alphaduct Company 



greatest flexibility, due to its special construction, and is 
successfully used in hard places where other tubes fail. It 
is the easiest to fish and the handiest to work. 

Alphaduct's interior lining — the "white inside" as it is 
termed by the trade — is of smooth, hard-finished cotton 

duck, lubricated with 
soapstone to make it per- 
fect for the easy entrance 
of the wire. It gives 
greatest protection from 
moisture since its con- 
struction encloses the fibre 
special and jacket in 
waterproof compounds. 
It is the highest achieve- 
ment in the art of interior 
conduit construction, and 
its manufacture is pro- 
tected by letters patent. 

In the short time in 
which the company has 
been engaged in business 
in Jersey City, it has be- 
come one of the city's 
leading industries, and an 
important factor of its 
manufacturing life. The 
pi'oduct which it makes 
has a peculiar field, in 
that it is the only tubing 
which the Underwriters 
will allow to be placed in certain classes of buildings, as a 
result of which it has an exceptionally large trade in those 
lines. The officers all have great faith in Jersey City. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



75 



The Anhui- I.. Perkins Company, dealer in plumbers' supplies at 
_'S3 Warren Street, traces its origin to Otis K. Dimock, who established 
the business on Maiden Lane, New York City, in 1S81. Under this name 
the business was continued successfully for ten years, and in 1891 was 
removed to 80 John Street, New York, and the firm name changed to the 
Dimock & Fink Company. It continued there for a few years in a small 
way, but the opportunity presenting itself to secure a factory in Jersey 
City, it seized it at once, well knowing the wonderful advantage for a 
manufacturing concern on this side of the Hudson River as compared with 
New York City. 

The confectionery firm of William Loft & Co. having failed in 1S97, 
the five story factory building at 2S,? and 285 Warren Street was placed on 
the market, and the company secured it without delay. They made several 
alterations necessary in the nature of their business, and put in a complete 
stock of supplies for steam plumbing for mills and steamships, adding 
several pipe machines and everything necessary for the proper execution 
of sketch work. The territory was greatly extended, and several traveling 
salesmen were employed throughout the adjoining states. 

The result was almost immediate. The business rapidly grew until 
it broke even the records that had been anticipated by its projectors. It 
has continued to grow steadily since that time until it has now become the 
largest concern of its kind in New Jersey. In 1890 Mr. Perkins purchased 
from the Dimock & Fink Co., which still continues business in New York 
and New Rochelle, this Jersey City portion of their business, but retained 
the interest which he had in the old concern, and the business was 
continued in his name until 1907 when he formed a stock company known 
as the Arthur L. Perkins Company. 

The officers of the present corporation are Arthur L. Perkins, president 
and treasurer ; Chas. Weller, vice-president and Robert E. Bell, secretary, the stock all being held by Mr. Perkins and a 
few employees who have been associated with him for several years. Mr. Perkins resides at IS Howard Place, Jersey 
City, and is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. The corporation is one of the most public spirited in the city, 
and its president and officers are always ready to do whatever is in their power to advance the interests of the city or to 
make its fame known throughout the United States. Its trade is rapidly increasing, and the orders are coming in so fast 
that if the increase continues at the present rate, it is not at all improbable that an additional building will have to be provided 
in the near future. Mr. Perkins gives his personal attention to the business at all nmes. 




Arthur L. Perkins. 



The H. C. Reese Company, lace curtain refinishers, of Palisade 
and Laidlaw Avenues, was established in 1807, and is the only 
concern of the kind in Jersey City. A. W. Reese is president and 
G. W. Reese is treasurer. The firm has attained a reputation of 
high merit throughout the country, has been doing extensive 
business with all the leading dry goods houses, as well as the leading 
hotels in New York City and vicinity and other sections of the 
country, and is recognized as leader in the trade. It also caters 
to private trade and has established no small reputation in this line. 

It renovates exclusively lace curtains, fine laces, panels, 
portieres, silk draperies and curtains, and employs high-class lace 
menders. It has recently completed extensive alterations to its 
plant, thereby greatly enlarging its facilities, in order to be able to 
cope with the steadily increasing business in hotel and private work. 
The firm is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. The 
fact that this is the only business of its kind in the city is but one 
reason for its enormous trade. 




H. C. Reese Co. 



The RlEGEL Sack company has been established 
in business at the northwest cornet^ of Washington and 
Morgan Streets, Jersey City, New Jersey, since 1900. Its 
line of manufacture forms one of the city's unique industries, 
and its plant comprises a large brick four story and basement 
building, wherein the processes of bag making and bag 
printing are extensively carried on. The building is erected 
after the most approved plans of the mill insurance experts 
and is of the "slow burning" type ; it is furnished through- 
out with automatic sprinkling devices and equipped with 
high-power fire pumping service and reserve water tanks 
and is electrically illuminated, and driven with a modern and 
complete set of individual motors. The "raw materials" 
used are burlaps and cotton sheetings. The first named 
fibre is woven in India whence it is directly imported by this 



concern, and then made up into bags for a variety of purposes, 
notably for the packing of fertilizers, salt, plaster, heavy 
chemicals, etc. The cotton sheetings are mainly made in 
southern mills and are, in turn, consumed in the production 
of bags for an endless variety of uses and in a great range of 
capacities. A large proportion of the cotton cement bags 
used in this country are made by the Riegel Sack Company. 
The admirable transportation facilities of Jersey City, at the 
termini of all the great railroad systems of the country and 
the principal trans-oceanic and coast lines, gives this concern 
access to the chief domestic and export markets, besides 
affording due opportunities for the proper entry and receipt 
of its import business. The general offices of the company 
are at 2()1 Broadway, New York City, where a large office 
force is employed. 



;r. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



The Brunswick Laundry was established in February, 
1898, at 298 Newari^ Avenue by Henry Siemenski, who had 
started in the laundry business at the age of eighteen years, 
and his brother, William Siemenski, who was twenty years of 
age when he entered the business. Although a new venture, 
the business grew rapidly, and the facilities of the original 
plant were taxed to such an extent that new quarters were 
secured at 318 Newark Avenue. 

For a time these quarters were adequate, but it was not long 
before the business had once again made a change necessary 
and the next move was to 369 
Fourth Street, where quarters five 
times as large as both previous 
plants were secured. Even these 
were soon found totally inade- 
quate for the business that was 
increasing so steadily that an 
immediate change was necessary, 
and the owners of the business 
purchased four city lots at 71 to 
77 Germania Avenue. Laundries 
were constructed which it was 
predicted by both the architects 
and the owners would be of ample 
proportions to take care of the 
increase of business for at least 
five years, but in two years the 
place was found to be too small, 
and plans have now been drawn 
to double the size of the present 
laundry. 

The Brunswick Laundry was 
incorporated under the laws of 
the State of New Jersey in 1904, 
with William Siemenski as presi- 
dent and Henry Siemenski as 
secretary, treasurer and general 
manager, and an authorized paid- 
in capital of $75,000. It is the 
largest starch-work laundry in 
Hudson County, and is equipped 
with the best machinery that 
money can buy. Fifteen delivery 

wagons are employed to call for and deliver woik in Hudson 
County, and the business will demand many more in a 
short time. The firm is a member of the Laundrymen's 
National Association of America, the North Jersey Laundry- 
men's Club and the Hudson County Laundrymen's Club, 
of which latter body Mr. Henry Siemenski is the treasurer. 
The firm is also a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey 
City. 




BRUNSWICK LAUNDRY 



The washing of white materials and clothes under proper 
conditions is one of the most important trades in the 
commercial world to-day, and it has been necessary for 
laundries to be equipped with the most modern and approved 
machinery, in order that the articles may be cleansed 
thoroughly in accordance with sanitary and hygienic laws, 
and delivered to their owners at the earliest possible moment 
consistent with good workmanship. In the rush of the 
present day, when the growth of commerce demands such 
quick returns, speed is a most necessary factor, but this 
must not be so great as to sacri- 
fice care and sanitation. Articles 
must first be washed thoroughly, 
carefully and properly, and in 
addition to this, machinery must 
be employed that will hasten this 
operation as much as possible. 

This is the principle that has 
been adopted by the Brunswick 
Laundry, and accomplished with 
such success that its business has 
increased so rapidly that it is 
almost impossible to build fast 
enough to take care of it. The 
Siemenski brothers give the work 
their personal attention, so that 
each article is washed as care- 
fully and thoroughly as though 
they had washed it themselves, 
at the same time being delivered 
at the earliest psssible moment. 
There is never a disappointment 
on work done at the Brunswick 
Laundry, for it is delivered when 
promised, and its character is 
such as to insure return orders 
and a continuance of the patron- 
age without question. 

This result has only been at- 
tained by a careful study of the 
situation and the employment of 
all the latest mechanical devices 
and a skilled staff of men and 
women to run them. Under such conditions a business 
cannot fail to thrive and it is due solely to the personal care 
and attention that the Brunswick Laundry has become the 
power that it has in the laundry world. The firm is thoroughly 
public-spirited, and its members believe in Jersey City and 
are always foremost in any movement to make the city a 
better place to live in and be proud of, and ready to give 
either their time and money. 



The business of the C. F. MUELLER COMPANY manu- 
facturers of superior quality of egg noodles and the finest 
grades of macaroni and spaghetti, was originally started by 
C. F. Mueller, Sr. in 1867 at Newark, N. J., the output at 
that time being about 10 to 15 pounds per day which were 
delivered from house to house with a basket. There was no 
machinery used then, everything being made by hand. In 
1880 the first horse and wagon was bought, it being found 
impossible to cover the route as before with a basket and 
small hand cart. 

Each year was showing such a steady increase that it was 
found necessary to get larger manufacturing facilities, with 
the result that in 1890 it was decided to locate in Jersey 
City, this being more central, for New York and the sur- 
rounding towns were now beginning to get a demand for the 
goods. 

Finding the desired location, a plot 75 x 168 was purchased 
on Boyd Avenue on which was erected a two-story and 



basement factory. This has been enlarged from time to 
time until now on this plot stands the present plant employ- 
ing 125 people, covering over one acre of ground, equipped 
with the largest and most modern machinery, turning out 
millions of pounds of macaroni and egg noodles a year, 
requiring seventeen horses for delivery. 

These goods can be found in nearly every large city in 
the Eastern States under the registered trade marks 
Mueller's Flag Brand Macaroni and White Leghorn Egg 
Noodles. People are beginning to realize more and more 
the food value there is in domestic macaroni, knowing that 
it is dried in well ventilated rooms on trays, placed in racks 
and covered when thoroughly cured, packed by clean 
American girls in air, dust and moisture-proof packages 
thus insuring cleanliness and purity. 

C. F. Mueller, Sr. no longer has to take an active part in 
the business, he leaving that to his three sons, each one 
being assigned to the position bes: adapted to him. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



77 



The only concern in 
the LInited States manu- 
facturing exclusively 
high-grade niiii< cans is 
the Dairymen's Manu- 
facturing Company of 
Jersey City. This com- 
pany began operations 
in 1 900 by leasing two 
small buildings at the 
corner of Warren and 
Bay Streets. In 1901 
the business had in- 
ci'eased so rapidly that 
two more buildings 
were required, and one 
year later the company 
purchased the half- 
block bounded by War- 
ren, Bay and Morgan 
Streets. 

Continued prosperity 
necessitated tne build- 
in 1904 of a five-story 
brick factory of mill 
construction, with a 

floor space of 35,000 square feet. During the first year of 
the business the sales amounted to $76,000, and this has 
increased until during the fiscal year ending July 3 1 , 1 908, the 
sales amounted to $336,000, which, considering the business 
panic, was little short of phenomenal. 

The company has absolutely created a new standard in 
quality in the milk can market. It was the first to succeed in 
inducing the Western states to adopt a high grade Eastern 




Dairymen's Manufacturing Co. 



pattern milk can for 
shipping purposes, with 
the result that its trade- 
ni a r k is now well 
known throughout all 
the United States and 
several foreigncountries 
as well. The factory 
now has a daily capacity 
of seven hundred forty 
quart cans. No cheap 
goods are manufactured 
The officers of the 
company are Charles 
H. C. Beakes, presi- 
dent ; John P. Wierk, 
vice-president ; >X'alter 
R. Comfort, treasurer, 
and Jacob B. Conover, 
secretary and managing 
director. Mr. Conover 
is one of the directors 
of the Board of Trade 
of Jersey City. He is 
a man known to possess 
good, safe, conservative 
business principles, and it is largely due to his efforts and 
experience that the company has expanded and achieved 
such success outside of the metropolitan district. 

The company tenders an annual banquet to its customers 
in January, which is attended by about three hundred guests, 
and is generally preceded by the annual election of the 
Consolidated Milk Exchange. A more representative body 
of milk dealers cannot be found in the United States. 




Ames & Co. 



Of the manufacturing interests of Jersey City, few are 

better known throughoutthe country, and in fact the civilized 
world, than W. Ames & Coirpany, now the Ames Spike 
Works, manufacturers of railroad spikes, track bolts, screw 
bolts, dock spikes, splice bars and bar iron. Tiie firm, 
which will soon celebrate its fiftieth year of existence, has 



passed from father to son and from son to grandson, and 
its products are known in every market of commerce in 
the world. The business is now a corporation, formed 
July 1, 1908, with the following officers: J. W. Ames, 
president; C. W. Hungerford, vice-presidentand A. S. Ames, 
secretary and treasurer, all residents of Montclair, N. J. 



78 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



William Bender, the founder of the William Bender Com- 
pany, wholesaleandretaii provision dealersand manufactui-ers 
of Bell brand hams and bacons, at Railroad Avenue, Brunswick 
and First Streets, Jersey, City, was 
bcrn October 11 th, 1832, at Marburg, 
Germany, and was educated there. 
He emigrated to this country in 1850, 
arriving in New York City, where 
he remained only a short time, leav- 
ing there to go to Baltimore, where 
he served his apprenticeship to the 
butcher business, with the result 
that in 1859 he had started a business 
on his own account. 

In 1864 he sold out his Baltimore 
business and came to Jersey City, 
where he located as a retail butcher 
in a small shop at the corner of First 
and Brunswick Streets, gradually 
adding to his real estate holdings for 
business purposes until he estab- 
lished the pork packing plant which 
is now conducted by the William 
Bender Company at the same loca- 
tion. The present plant has a capa- 
city of 3,000 hogs per week. 

William Bender was never in 
partnership in his business career. 
He preferred to conduct his own 
business in his own way. When the 
present company was incorporated, 
he retained control of the entire issue 

of stock, and was its president until his death on January 4, 
1907. He was a member of St. Matthew's German Evan- 




WiLLiAM Bender 



gelical Lutheran Church of Jersey City, and served as its 

treasurer for a term of years. The company is a member of 

the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

In February, 1901, the William 
Bender Company was incorporated 
with a capital of $250, 000 to succeed 
to the old business, and since that 
date, as before, there has been a 
steady increase in the amount of 
business from year to year. The 
company is now doing a business of 
over $1,000,000 a year, handling the 
hogs from the stock yards in the West 
to the retail as well as the wholesale 
trade, and is considered one of the 
leading companies in its line in the 
metropolitan district of New York 
City, which is the leading provision 
market in the world. The officers of 
the company are William Bender, 
Jr., president; Charles Giller, vice- 
president and D. H. Bender, secre- 
tary and treasurer. 

The present plant covers eight city 
lots, and is equipped with all the 
latest and most approved machinery 
for a plant of that kind,— in fact, no 
expense has been spared to make it 
the most coinplete in the country. 
One of the best artesian wells in the 
city is on their property, and the com- 
pany sells pure rock water which 

comes from a depth of over two hundred feet through solid 

rock, and has a large sale. 



The mule yard of E. B. Bishop Sons Co. is the largest of 
its kind and the only one east of Pittsburg. Elias B. Bishop 
established the concern at New Haven, Conn, in 1835. In 
1851 he moved to Jersey City and his sons have been 
carrying on business at the same spot ever since. The 
business is now a stock company, of which David R. Bishop 
is president and his son, Edwin M. Bishop, secretary. 

The principal business of the company is the exportation 
of mules to the West Indias, the South American states and 
and South Africa, where they are principally used on sugar 
plantations. Every year thousands of these animals are 
shipped to the tropics. It is estimated that this company 
has handled over a quarter of a million mules since it went 
into business in this city. 

To-day orders are received from all parts of the world 
from persons who have heard of the reliability and facilities 
of this firm or have done business with it for many years. 
The yards are situated at Grand and Bishop Streets, Jersey 
City, where there is room for the stabling of 10,000 mules. 
The establishment is divided into many small yards and 
stables in which the mules are segregated and have every 
comfort that an animal requires. 

The great mule breeding states are Missouri, Kentucky, 
Illinois, Indiana and Iowa, which centres are visited regularly 
for supplies by David A. Bishop, who is interested in one of 
the great mule concerns of St. Louis, the principle mule 
centre in the United States. 

The entire export business in mules from New York and 
all Eastern ports is now in the hands of E. B. Bishop Sons 
Co., and the immense volume of their business can be 
easily understood, as the demand for mules, both locally 
and abroad, is constantly increasing. In 1897 there were 
$631,904 worth of mules exported. In 1899 these figures 
rose to over $2,000,000, and in 1900 they reached the total 



of $4,757,892. Eighty thousand mules were shipped to 
South Africa alone for military purposes during the Boer 
war. Careful breeding distinguisnes the mules that are now 
being raised. This is a science of the day, no less than the 
breeding of fine horse stock. For draught purposes, Spanish 
jacks are crossed with fine Clydesdale or Percheron mares 
and produce some splendid stock. 

Dr. Lyman Atwater, who occupied a position as Professor 
at Princeton for over thirty years, was an uncle of the 
president of this company, David A. Bishop. Upon his 
father's side he traces his ancestry back to the year 1484 in 
Kent, England. On the Atwater side Mrs. Elias B. Bishop, 
the mother of David A. Bishop, is directly descended from 
Thomas Atwater of Lenham, Kent, England, whose will, 
dated October 5, 1484, is still on file in Canterbury. Later 
wills are also recorded in Kent proving the descent for five 
generations to John Atwater, whose death in 1636 caused 
his three unmarried children, Joshua, David and Anne, to 
invest their patrimony in the scheme of Eaton and Daven- 
port for founding a new colony in America. 

David Atwater was the founder of the American branch of 
the line and was born in Lenham, England in 1615. He 
was one of the first planters of New Haven, and in the first 
division of lands among the settlers a farm was assigned him 
in "The Neck," as the tract between Mill and Quinnipack 
Rivers was called, and upon which he lived until his death. 
The eldest son in each of the five generations descending 
from him lived and died upon part of this original tract. 

Edwin N. Bishop, secretary of the company, is the son of 
David A. Bishop, the president, was born in Jersey City and 
educated at the Hasbrouck Institute. He also attended 
Stevens College. 

John Bishop, who was born in England, came to America 
a few years eailicr than the founder of the American branch. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



79 




% 



The M. W. Kellogg Company, contractors and engineers 
of 91 to 117 West Side Avenue, Jersey City, with New York 
offices at 143 Liberty Street, are manufacturers of high and 
low pressure piping materials for power plants and factories. 
The officers are Morris W. Kellogg, president; William 
R. Osgood Field, vice-president ; J. Hopkins Smith, 
Jr., treasurer and 
Forsyth Wickes, 
secretary. 

The company 
makes a specialty of 
welded steel nozzles 
for steam mains, 
welded flanges, im- 
proved V a n s 1 n e 
ioints, large cast iron 
flanged fittings, cast 
iron flanged pipe up 
to nine foot lengths, 
and all superheated 
steam work. They 
are also manufac- 
turers of barometric 
iniector condensers 
for engines and tur- 
bines. They are pre- 
pared to take con- 
tracts for the installa- 
tion of piping 
systems in all parts 
of the country, and 
can give all inquiries 
prompt attention with answers in detail. 

Among the many manufacturing concerns of New Jersey 
few have done more to bring the attention of the industrial 

EVERETT & MALONE, dealers in wool and sheep skins 
at 138 to 144 Fourteenth Street, Jersey City, are the succes- 
sors to John Malone and William Everett who established 
this business in the Claremont section of Jersey City in 
1S.S2. They remained there for eight years, and then 
erected the present premises, taking possession in 1891. 
John Malone, of the firm, died in 1903, and his son, James 
C. Malone assumed his interest under the firm name of 
Everett & Malone. They occupy a four-story brick building 
extending to Fifteenth Street and connected with the 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, equipped 
with all the recent modern machinery suitable to their 
enterprise, operated by steam power and also have a spur 
from the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad. 
They give employment to from ninety to one hundred men 
and do a large wholesale business throughout this section of 
the country, their annual expenses amounting to $500,000. 

They buy lamb and sheep skins from wholesale butchers of 
New York, Jersey City and other points, scrub and clean the 
skins thoroughly, putting them through a form of liming to 
loosen the wool, which is then easily removed, when it is 
dyed and graded and sold in bales to woolen manufacturers 
principally in New England. As many as fifteen different 
grades of wool are made. When the wool is removed from 
the skins they are put through a liming process for six days 
which thoroughly cleanses them, when they are " pickled " 
and undergo other technical processes which render them 
white and clean, when they are graded and sold to tanners 
throughout the United States who deal in fancy leathers 
used for pocketbooks, belts, etc. Over half a million sheep 
and lamb skins are dealt in annually. 

The business is managed by James C. Malone, who is a 
member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. He is a 
native of New York City and resides ar 164 Jewett Avenue, 



THE M. W. KELLOGG COMPANY. 



and commercial world to the importance of the state as one 
of large manufactories than this company. Owing to the 
demand for their goods as soon as their value became 
known, it has been necessary to increase the force of help 
from time to time. 

All the latest and most up-to-date improvements that 

science has invented 
have been installed, 
and nothing has beon 
overlooked to make 
it one of the most 
model factories of its 
kind in the United 
States. Not only does 
this refer to the very 
latest intentions of 
machinery, but the 
welfare and health 
of its employes has 
also been taken into 
consideration. 

Since coming to 
Jersey City, the 
members of the firm 
have taken a great 
interest in the city's 
welfare, and are 
ready at all times to 
assist in any move- 
ment to boost the 
city. The section 
where they have 
located is rapidly becoming a manufacturing one, and the 
building of their factory has been largely responsible for the 
factory boom there. 

Jersey City. He is a prominent citizen here, a member of 
the Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Club of Jersey 
City. Mr. Everett is a widely known resident of Jersey 
City and is a wholesale butcher at the Jersey City Stock 
Yards. He is a man of marked business ability, full of push 
and enterprise. Mr. Malone practically grew up in the 
business and knows every portion of it. On January 1st, 
1909, Mr. Everett retired from the business, with which he 
had been connected for twenty-eight years. During and 
dating from his connection with the firm there were no 
partnership papers drawn, the business being carried on 
from the beginning with only a verbal agreement without 
the slightest friction. 

The manufacture of cotton and wool is the basis of the 
great textile wealth of this country, employing an immense 
army of operatives and involving many millions of dollars. 
The old-established house that is the subiect of this sketch 
is one of the most prominent in the country in the handling 
of wool. Mr. Malone was brought up in the business, and 
is, therefore, in a position to thoroughly understand it, so 
that the personal attention that he constantly gives it is of 
great value. He employs only skilled assistants, and the 
result is only first-class work. 

Mr. Malone gives careful attention to every detail and to 
the maintenance of the very highest standard of labor. He 
is an energetic business man whose success is well-earned, 
and never fails to interest himself in civic matters, taking an 
active part in all matters for civic betterment and contributing 
his time and money where necessary. His Jewett Avenue 
residence is one of the most impressive and characteristic in 
the Bergen section, and has done much to improve the 
block in which it is located. It is of modern architecture 
and by far the finest residential property on one of the fore- 
most home throughfares of the Bergen section. 



80 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Oscar Schmidt was born 
in Germany in 1857, and 
came to this country at an 
early age. He engaged in 
the publishing business in 
1882, and continued therein 
until 1896, when he started 
the manufacture of musical 
instruments in a small shop 
in the two-story repair shop 
of the North Hudson Street 
Railway Company on Pali- 
sade Avenue in the Hudson 
City section. At that time 
the use of musical instru- 
ments was by no means as 
general as at the present day, 
but the business increased 
with the demand until his 
present factory at 87 Ferry 
Street is now the largest 
establishment of its kind in 
the United States, occupy- 
ing over 30,000 square feet 
of floor space. 
The output of this factory 
in string instruments is the largest of any one concern in tlie world, and the products are sold in every corner of the globe 
where musical instruments are used. Over a million guitars, zithers and patented musical instruments made in Jersey 
City by Mr. Schmidt have been sold since he started in business, and he is now the largest manufacturer of instruments 
at all prices in the United States. His storage yards for the lumber used in the construction of the instruments give some 
idea by their vasiness of the amount of business that he does. He has just patented the Schmidt Pianotina which he will 
shortly place on the market, and which will be the cheapest and smallest piano in the world. The advance orders show 
the sales of this instrument will he very large. 

The business is not a corporation but is owned personally by Mr. Schmidt, who supervises its management in all its 
details. He has always had fanh in Jersey City real estate, and is to-day the owner of over of $200,000 worth of property. 




Oscar Schmidt Factory. 



TheStowell Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of the "Monarch 
Brand "fire-proof asphalt roofing and asphalt paint, is the largest industrial 
plant of its kind in Jersey City. Its general offices are located at 459 to 461 
Westside Avenue, and its works at 1 14 to 134 Culver Avenue, where it 
has a capacity of 200,000 square feet of roofing daily. It has branch 
offices in Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, Indianapolis and Minneapolis, 
and agencies in all the leading cities of the United States. William H. 
Stowell is the president, and A. F. Stowell secretary and treasurer. 

Modern construction and conditions demand the use of roofing 
materials possessing high standards of durability and resistance. The 
rapid depreciation in the quality of coal tar products has hastened the 
recognition of the superior qualifications of Natural Trinidad Asphalt for 
the manufacture of roofings. Its power of resisting the action of weather, 
fire acids and gases has won for this wonderful product of nature a 
position of unquestioned supremacy over all competing materials. 

Many years devoted to the careful and scientific manufacture of 
exclusively asphalt roofing materials has perfected our formulas and 
methods and our products are unsurpassed in appearance and durability. 
The roof is an important feature of any building and too much care cannot 
be exercised in the selection of proper materials for its construction. 
"Monarch" roofings represent the highest skill exercised upon and best 
materials available and the universal use of these products is their inost 
convincing assurance of their appreciation by their friends and customers, 
whom they trust will find this short history both useful and interesting. 

In the manufacture of " Monarch " roofings they unite the skill and 
experience developed by years of constant and careful attention devoted 
to the manufacture of asphalt roofings exclusively, with the highest 
quahty of raw materials available, without regard to their cost. The best 
quahty of fibrous pure wool felt is saturated with genuine Trinidad lake , 
asphak and heavily coated with the same material of a stiffer consistency and into which is firmly imbedded a dense 
surtacmg of crushed granite, felspar, ground asbestos fibre, cork, gravel, sand or ground mica and slate. They produce ten 
varieties of surfaced roofings as well as several thicknesses of saturated roofing felts of one, two and three ply. Among these 
surfaced roofings will be found those suitable for any class or style of buildings as roofing, sheathing or exterior surfacings. 




Francis A. stowell. 




BENCH AN D BAR- 



By Gilbert Collins, L.L.D. 



The bar of Jersey City can cnallenge criticism. It 
has maintained a high standard of professional ethics 
and has been preeminent in harmony and esprit de 
corps. There have been no feuds, no animosities, no 
jealousies. Its traditions are of fraternal feeling; and 
its practitioners are accustomed to rely implicitly on 
each other's word in the conduct of a profession 
which, more than any other, depends on good faith 
and honorable conduct. As a whole, the bar has had 
and has deserved the confidence of the community. 
In legat erudition and general culture it has compared 
and does compare favorably with that of any city in 
the state. In distinction, evidenced by the character 
of business entrusted to it, and by forensic accomplish- 
ment, it has been and is second to none. In public 
spirit it has led and guided municipal advancement. 

As concrete instances of the fitness of its members for 
the public service, judicial and otherwise, these may be 
mentioned, all in less than fifty years. Twice has the 
Chancellor been chosen from its ranks, and once a 
Vice-Chancellor. Five of its members have gone to 
the Supreme Court and one to the Circuit bench. 
Twice has the Attorney General been called from 
those who, at some time, had practiced here — though 
only one of those at the time of his appointment. 
The other was afterward called to Congress and to a 



place in the President's cabinet. Two reporters of 
judicial decisions, two clerks of courts of highest 
grade, and many members of state public boards have 
been selected from the Jersey City bar. Twice has 
the same member of our bar been elected governor 
of the state. Several mayors of the city, or of its 
constitutent municipalities, have been lawyers. 

The bench has worthily administered justice here 
and by its splendid and unblemished record and 
e.xample has compelled the bar to follow where it 
led. We have been honored not only by judicial 
service here of distinguished men — two of them Chief 
Justices of the state — whose residence was elsew here, 
but of others who were our citizens. Those of the 
judges who have lived among us have had strong 
hold on the affection and the regard of the people of 
the state. Two Justices of the Supreme Court, 
resident here, have passed to the gubernatorial chair, 
and it was through the Common Pleas that one of the 
local bar, as told above, reached the head of the state 
judiciary. Always the judges of that court and of the 
City District Court have commanded respect. 

Our bench and bar have reflected credit on the 
city; and their eminence, on the other hand, has 
evinced the power and influence of the community 
that has held them as its citizens. 



82 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Gilbert Collins, L. L.D., was horn at Stonington, Conn., on 
August 26, 1846. His great grandfather, Daniel Collins, 
was a Revolutionary officer of the First Connecticut Line 
Regiment, and was engaged in agricultural pursuits. His 
grandfather, Gilbert Collins, was also a farmer, and was 
several times a member of the Connecticut Legislature. 
Daniel Prentice Collins, father of the subject of this sketch, 
was a prominent manufacturer at Stonington. 

Judge Collins was educated privately at Stonington, under 
the tuition of Dr. David S. Hart, A. M., an eminent 
mathematician and scholar, who devoted his life to study 
and taught a few pupils occasionally, and prepared for Yale 
College, which he was about to enter when his father's 
death occurred in 1862. Owing to an impaired fortune he 
abandoned his object. A short time thereafter he received 
a federal appointment in New York, and in April, 1863, 
removed to Jersey City, 
where his father had ex- 
tensive business interests. 

After locating in Jersey 
City, Judge Collins read 
law in the office of the late 
Supreme Court Justice 
Jonathan Dixon, and was 
admitted as an attorney in 
the February term of 1869 
and as a counsellor in the 
February term of 1872. 
Upon coming to the bar, he 
entered a law partnership 
with Mr. Di.xon which was 
continued until the latter 
was appointed Justice of the 
Supreme Court in April, 
1875, when he associated 
himself with Charles L. 
Corbin. The firm was 
afterwards enlarged by the 
association of William H. 
Corbin. 

Judge Collins has taken a 
high rank as a lawyer, and 
hut few men at the New 
Jersey bar have now as 
much distinction as he in 
their professional career. 
A case in which he won 
much distinction was that of 
Smith and Bennett, who 
were indicted for the murder 
of Smith's husband, and 
who were convicted for 
murder and afterwards ac- 
quitted. Judge Collins tak- 
ing one of the laboring parts through all the various trials, 
and the case being twice tried in the Hudson Oyer and 
Terminer, and twice in the Court of Errors and Appeals. 
Judge Collins has since won many distinctive victories in all 
the higher courts in the state. 

He ran for Congress on the Republican ticket in 1882, 
but, the district being largely Democratic, he was defeated. 
He has been in sympathy with every good movement in 
Jersey City, and when, in the spring of 1884, it was felt 
that the interests of Jersey City should be in a measure 
taken out of party politics, a citizens association was organ- 
ized, composed of the best men of all political parties, who 
nominated Mr. Collins for Mayor and elected him by a 
large majority for a term of two years, until the spring of 
1886. This association was practically the nucleus of the 
Board of Trade of Jersey City. 




Gilbert Collins. 



In office. Mayor Collins sank the spirit of a partisan, and 
exercised the powers of his office for the general welfare of 
all. Individually he was, then as now, very courteous, kind 
and considerate, and had many warm friends. As chief 
executive of the city, he won and commanded the respect 
and admiration of all its citizens, and his administration will 
long be remembered as one of the cleanest in the city's 
history, free from petty politics and productive of the best 
possible results. 

He was appointed an Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of New Jersey by Governor Griggs on March 2, 
1897, and held that honored office until March, 1903, when 
he resigned and entered the revived firm of Collins & Corbin, 
now composed of the three named and Charles B. Hughes, 
George S. Hobart and Abel R. Corbin, at 243 Washington 
Street. He received the honorary degree of L.L.D. from 

Rutgers College in 1899. 

In the lighter side of his 
life, Judge Collins found 
much pleasure at the old 
Palma Club of Jersey City, 
of which he was a devoted 
member from its organiza- 
tion to its close. The Judge 
was always looked upon as 
one of the club's mentors 
and advisers, and many 
legal questions affecting the 
organization were settled by 
him in the same erudite 
manner and with the same 
care and precision as if he 
were determining a question 
of much greater importance. 
When the Palma Club 
disbanded, he turned his 
leisure attention to the Union 
League Club, of which he 
had also been a member 
since its organization. Judge 
Collins is also a member of 
the New Jersey Society of 
the Sons of the Revolution. 
He resides at 310 Mont- 
gomery Street, Jersey City, 
and has a handsome sum- 
mer residence near Stoning- 
ton. 

The life of Judge Collins 
has been one of great ac- 
tivity, and whatever he has 
achieved has been in con- 
sequence of his powers of 
continued endeavour, his 
earnesmess of purpose, his strong quality of mind, and his 
unquestioned integrity. He has achieved uniform success 
in every capacity, and has now the respect and esteem of 
every one with whom he has come into contact, and is 
recognized as one of the most prominent men in New Jersey. 
He has to a remarkable degree the power of clear state- 
ment, and uses it with eiTect, both in his profession and in 
arguments before courts and juries. His ability as a trial 
lawyer is of a very high order, few excelling him in this 
respect. 

Judge Collins is a stanch Republican, and has always 
been a hard and honest worker for the success of his 
party. In June, 1870, he married Miss Harriet, daughter of 
John C. Bush of Jersey City. Six children were born to 
the union, of whom three died in infancy, and his only son, 
Walter, in 1900. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



83 



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James A. Hatnill was born in the old Sixth Ward of Jersey City, 

March 31, 1877, and is a counselor-at-law. In the year 1890 he entered 
St. Peter's College of Jersey City, and was graduated from that institution 
in 1897, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts and high honors. Return- 
ing the subsequentyear, he completed the post-graduate course in philosophy 
and received the degree of Master of Arts. 

He studied law in the office of the late Isaac S. Taylor, a one-time law 
partner of the late Chancellor Alexander T. McGill. While a student in 
the office of Ah". Taylor, Mr. Hamill attended the lectures of the New York 
Law School, and on completing the regular course of two years was 
awarded the degree of Bachelor of Laws. 

In the year 1900, at the June term of the Supreme Court, he was 
admitted to the bar, and since then has practised his profession in Jersey 
City. His law partner is Charles M. Egan. Mr. Hamill served four years 
as a member of the House of Assembly from Hudson County and was 
minority leader for two years. The third time he was elected by a plurality 
of 6,480 over the highest candidate on the Republican ticket. His personal 
popularity is widespread, and he is noted for oratory and skill in debate. 

Mr. Hamill was elected to Congress in the Tenth District of New 
Jersey in 1906 by a plurality of 13,577 over Howard R. Cruse, republican. 
This district comprises the First to Fifth Wards of Jersey City, all that 
portion of the Sixth Ward that lies north of the Morris Canal and east of 
Summit Avenue, and the municipalities of Hoboken, West Hoboken, 
Union, West New York, Guttenberg, North Bergen and Weehawken. 
In 1908 he was re-elected to Congress from the same district by an 
overwhelming majority. Mr. Hamill is a member of the Board of Trade 
of Jersey City, and has done valiant service defending that board's interests 
at the national capital. 

It is a difficult thing to predict just how long Mr. Hamill will continue to represent the Tenth District in Congress. He 
is probably to-day one of the most popular men of his age in Hudson County, and it is almost an impossibility to defeat him 
for the honorary office. His interests are all for Jersey City, and aside from the fact that he has made an excellent Congress- 
man, he is acknowledged by all as a most desirable citizen. He believes in Jersey City, and has evidenced that fact in 
many ways both as its representative in the halls of Congress and as a private citizen. Mr. Hamill's law office is at 239 
Washington Street, and his residence at 98 Mercer Street. He is a member of the Robert Davis Association and many 
other political organizations, and takes an active part in all bodies with which he is associated. 



James A. Ha.mill. 



Eugene W. Leake was born in Jersey City, July 13, 1877, and is a 
counselor-at law, having been admitted to the bar of New Jersey in June, 
1898 as an attorney and in February, 1902 as a counselor. He is a 
member of the law firm of Hartshorne, Insley & Leake, his partners being 
Charles H. Hartshorne and Earle Insley, both members of the Board of 
Trade of Jersey City. 

He was educated in the public schools of Jersey City, also at Andover 
and New York Law School. Mr. Leake was elected to Congress in the 
Ninth District of New Jersey in 1906 by a plurality of 5,739 over Charles 
E. Pickett, republican. 

This district com.prises the Seventh to Twelfth Wards of Jersey City, 
all the Sixth Ward except that portion that lies north of the Morris Canal 
and east of Summit Avenue, and the municipalities of Bayonne, Kearny, 
Harrison and East Newark. 

During his congressional career Mr. Leake was indeed a friend in 
court to tne Board of Trade of Jersey City. Being at that time a member 
of the executive committee of the board, and consequently possessed of a 
most intimate knowledge of the board's desires, he pleaded its cause before 
the federal authorities until the matter of a new post-office for Jersey City 
was again brought to their attention, and the needs of the city so plainly 
shown that the agitation was at once renewed. Mr. Leake arranged 
conferences between Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Beekman Winthrop 
and the board's committee on postal affairs, public buildings and docks, 
and after many such conferences the government decided in favor of the 
city, and appropriations of $400,000 for the site and $350,000 for the 
building were made. 

The board recognized the efforts of both Mr. Leake and Mr. Hamill in 
the matter, and resolutions were passed expressing its appreciation of their 
valuable services. 

Mr. Leake's innovation of having offices in various parts of the county during his term as Congressman, in order that 
he might confer with his people, was a most popular one and in this manner every citizen of the district felt that he was 
personally represented at Washington. Many measures in the interest of Jersey City were suggested by these conferences. 
Mr. Leake is married and resides on Gifford Avenue, where he recently purchased a home. He is at present the chairman 
of the finance committee of the Board of Trade, one of its most important committees. 




Eugene W. Leake. 



84 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




ROBERT S. HUDSPETH. 



Robert S. Hudspeth was born at Coburg, Canada, October 27, 1853. 
He entered mercantile life at an- early age. In 1870 he entered the 
law office of Thomas Carey in Jersey City as a law student, and was 
admitted to the New York Bar in 1877 and to the New Jersey Bar as 
an attorney in February, 1881 and as a counsellor in November, 1892. 
He entered into partnership with Mr. Carey and continued for two years, 
when he decided to practice alone. In February, 1889, he was appointed 
corporation attorney of Jersey City and retained the office until February 1, 
1893, when Governor Wens appointed him to fill the unexpired term of 
Judge Job H. Lippincott as Presiding Judge of the Court of Common Pleas 
of Hudson County, and at the expiration of the term he was re-appointed 
for a full term of five years. 

In 1SS6 he was elected to the New Jersey Legislature from the old Sixth 
District in an unexpected and complimentary manner. Three days before 
the election it was discovered that the Democratic candidate was ineligible, 
because he had not lived long enough in the state. Judge Hudspeth was 
hastily nominated, and on election day had a majority of sixty seven in a 
Republican district. The following year he was re-elected by a majority 
of 600. He received the caucus nomination for speaker for that year, but 
was defeated by the defection of three Democratic members. In 1888 he 
declined re-nomination, but in 1889 was nominated and electefl by 1,000 
majority and was chosen speaker. 

In 1891 he was elected Senator to fill the unexpired term of Senator 
McDonald, who had been elected to Congress, and carried the coun y by 
7,255 but declined re-nomination. He again served the county as Senator 
from 1901 to 1904. Judge Hudspeth has filled all the public positions to 
which he has been called with marked ability. He is an able lawyer, 
an impartial jurist and an officer of marked ability, and as a citizen enioys 
the respect and confidence of all classes of people with whom he is associated. 

He was the mainstay of his widowed mother, Mrs. Mary Hudspeth-Benson, until her death a few years ago, and in her 
old age she saw him rise to some of the most prominent positions in the state. Judge Hudspeth's wife was the widow of 
Robert Beggs, a well-known lawyer of Jersey City and New York. The Judge is now associated with Robert Carey in the 
pracnce of the law at 2ti0 Washington Street, under the firm name of Hudspeth & Carey. For many years he was the law 
partner of the late Judge Henry Puster. He resides at 229 Garfield Avenue, where he owns a handsome residence. 

James W. McCarthy was born in Jersey City, September 8, 1872. He 
is a son of the late Charles John McCarthy, who was for many years 
connected with the local fire department and the Pennsylvania Railroad 
ferry service. His grandfather, Charles McCarthy, came to Jersey City in 
1820, and owned and operated a glass watch-crystal factory in lower Jersey 
City. He was educated in the public schools of Jersey City until the age of 
twelve, and thereafter at Cooper Union, where he studied nights for six 
years and earned an academic diploma from the Regents University of the 
State of New York and graduated from the New York Law School while 
making and earning his living by day. 

At the age of twelve he started his business career as cash boy with 
Brown & Van Anglen, later entering the employ of the Adams Express 
Company as label boy and rising to chief clerk of its treasury department 
in New York, retiring in 1900 to take up the practice of law in New York. 
From 1891 to 1893 he was associated with Walter G. Muirheid in the 
successful publication of Jersey City Town Talk. He was admitted to the 
New York Bar as attorney and counsellor in June, 1898, and to the New 
Jersey Bar as attorney in November, 1900 and counsellor in February, 
1904. 

In November, 1905, he was elected president of the Board of Aldermen 
on the Republican ticket, receiving the largest number of votes of any 
candidate on the city ticket and the largest majority ever received by a 
Republican candidate for that office. He gives his salary for this office to 
five local charitable institutions. He is a member of the Board of Finance, 
Judge of the Second Criminal Court, chairman of the Central Republican 
Committee of Hudson County, president of the Seventh Ward Republican 
Club of Jersey City, and Grand Worthy president of the Fraternal Order 
of Eagles in New Jersey. 

Mr. McCarthy is also counsel and director of the New Jersey Club, Cliff Haven, New York, Dodds & Childs Express, 
Company, Dunlap's Express Company, Hollywood Hotel and Cottage Company, and Knickerbocker Express Company', 
and is special attorney for Wells, Fargo & Company Express, Manhr.ttan Delivery Company and Adams Express Company.' 
He is engaged in the practice of law with Aloysius McMahon, under the firm name of McCarthy and McMahon, at 52 
Broadway, New York, and in Jersey City. There is probably no better known man in Jersey City to-day, nor one who has 
risen to prominence more rapidly. His manner is a particularly pleasing one, and has earned him the sobriquet of 
"Sunny Jim," a title which he bears with jolly dignity. 




JAMES W. MCCARTHY. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



85 




JOHN STEVENSON McAIASTER was born at Pocomokc, Maryland, 
December 29, 1859. His parents were Jolin Thomas Bayly McMaster, 
M. D., and Elizabeth Grace Stevenson. Dr. McMaster was a Union- 
Democrat during the Civil War ; served one term in the Maryland Senate ; 
held various Federal offices; was first president of the railroad to 
Pocomoke, now extended to Cape Charles, Virginia, and practised his 
profession in Pocomoke for forty years preceding his death in 1889. 

Mr. McMaster is highland Scotch on his father's side and lowland 
Scotch on his mother's side, and on both sides his ancestors came from 
Scotland to Ireland and thence to America. His mother is distantly 
related to Adlai E. Stevenson, ex-Vice-President of the United States. 
His great grandfather. Rev. Samuel McMaster, came from Scotland, and 
was pastor at the same time of the Presbyterian churches at Snow Hill, 
Pitts Creek and Rehoboth, Maryland (his only charge) for thirty-seven 
years (1774-181 1 ). These are the oldest regularly organized Presbyterian 
churches in America. 

Mr. McMaster was educated at the Pocomoke High School and 
Delaware College at Newark, and was graduated from Lafayette College, 
Easton, Pa., in 1883, with the degree of A. B., being Latin salutatorian, 
and later secured the degree of A. M. He taught mathematics and the 
natural sciences for five years (1883-1888) in the Morris Academy. 
Morristown, N. J., and whilst there studied law with Vice-Chancellor 
Henry C. pitnev, and in 1885 at the University of Virginia. In June, 1888, 
at Trenton, he was admitted to the bar as attorney, and in June, 1891 
as counselor, and later appointed a Special Master in Chancery and a 
Supreme Court Commissioner. 

He came to Jersey City in 1889- and among his first cases acted as 
one of the counsel for Mayor Cleveland in the contested election case of Perkins v. Cleveland. He served as private 
secretary (Democratic) to President Wens of the Senate in 1889. and in a similar capacity to Speaker Heppenheimer ot the 
House in 1890, and to President Adrain of the Senate in 1891 and 1892, and to Governor George T. Werts, durmg his 
term (1893-1896) as Governor of New Jersey. „ ,. ,, n, r- 

For seven years (1892-1899) he was a member of the law firm of Dickinson, Thompson & McMaster ot Jersey City. 
This firm were the attorneys for the National Docks Railroad Company in the celebrated seven years terminal fight against 
the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, the latter finally losing the case. Since January 1, 1899, he has been pracnsing law 
in Jersey City, His practice is largely in the Court of Chancery and in the management of estates. 

JOHN W. HECK was born on July 27. 1855 at Trenton. N. J., and was a son of 
Martin and Catherine Heck. His father, with his family, came to Jersey City in 1859. 
Mr. Heck received his education at private school and at Public School No. 1, Jersey 
City. He entered the law office of Stephen B. Ransom in 1867 as office boy, and in 
1874 was employed as a clerk by L. and A. Zabriskie, where he studied law and was 
admitted to practice at the November term, 1876. In November, 1884, he was elected 
to the Assembly from the old Sixth District of Jersey City, and while there introduced 
the measures of the non-partisan Citizens' Committee for a reformed charter of Jersey 
City, These measures were blocked by office-holding members of the Assembly in 
1885. He secured, however, the passage of the firemen's tenure of office act, and 
assisted materially in securing the passage of the police tenure of office act and the act 
for the appointment of a Board of Education by the Mayor. 

As a member of the Hudson County Bar Association Committee in the revision of 
laws he drafted the law for the block index of land records, aided in its passage in 1888 
(chapter 222), and was appointed by the late Judge Knapp as clerk of the Index 
Commission to establish the block system of land records indices in Hudson County, 
now in successful operation since May 1, 1889. 

WILLIAM CHARLES CUDLIPP, A. B., was born in Jersey City, June 15. I860, 
and is a son of William H. and Harriet L. Cudlipp. He received nis early education at 
Hasbrouck Institute and the Jersey City High School, and graduated from the New 
York University in June. 1881. with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He studied law 
with Wallis & Edwards and Collins & Corbin, and was admitted to the Bar of the State 
of New Jersey as an attorney in June, 1884 and as a counselor in June, 1888, and 
began the practice of law in Jersey City at that time, continuing therein to the present 
day. Mr. Cudlipp is a sound lawyer, an able advocate, and a kind, genial and warm 
friend He has a large clientage, and is highly esteemed as a citizen. In all his 
undertakings he has been eminently successful, he is now only in the prime ot lite, and 
further fields of usefulness are doubtless before him. 

Mr Cudlipp has always been a most active member of the Board of Trade of Jersey 
City and is an almost regular attendant at the monthly meetings. He is thoroughly 
interested in Jersey City of to-day, and never failed to lend his aid to any movement 
for the betterment of the city, either in the way of civic improvement or the securing 
of new industries, while his efforts in the interest of proper legislation have been 
noteworthy. 





86 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



GEORGE RAINES BEACH, fii'st vice-president of tlie Boaid of Trade 
of Jersey City was born in Jersey City, in 1873, and lias resided here all 
his life. His father was the late Judge Marcus Beach, and his mother 
Mrs. Mary R. Beach. He has no brothers or sisters. He attended 
Public School No. 6, and was a member of the class of 1895, Columbia 
University and the class of 1897, Columbia Law School. He was 
admitted to the bar of this state as an attorney in the November term, 
1897, and as a counselor in the November term, 1900. He is also a 
member of the New York bar, and has been admitted to practice in the 
United States District and United States Circuit Courts of New York, 
New Jersey and Pennsylvania. 

Mr. Beach is a life ir.ember of the Columbia College Alumni 
Association, and a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City, the 
Alumni Association of the Columbia Law School, the Delta Kappa 
Epsilon Club, the Columbia Uni\ersity Club, the University Club of 
Hudson County, the Lotos Club of New York, the Lincoln Association of 
Jersey City, the Delaware Club, the Hudson County Bar Association, 
the New Jersey State Bar Association, the Machinery Club of New York 
and the Hudson Co. Automobile Club. He is also an officer of the 
Glen Ridge Lan^ Company, the Beach Land Company, the Glen Ridge 
Cemetery Association, the United Press, the Electric Novelty and Talking 
Machine Company and the Anglo-American Food Co., and vice-president 
and director of the Organized Aid Association. 

The sterling work that Mr. Beach has done for Jersey City as 
chairman of the committee on municipal affairs of the Board of Trade 
should receive its due recognition in this record of thecity'sachievenients. 
Fearlessly and without favor, he has ably handled matters that have 
affected the interests of every property owner and rent payer of Jersey City, and has placed them before the public so 
clearly and concisely that there was no occasion to misunderstand the attitude that the hoard took on these important 
subjects. The reports of Mr. Beach's committee, bound in permanent form, would be a valuable addition to the city's 
bibliography. 




MUNGO J. CURRIE was born in Greenville, now a part of Jersey City, and received 
his early education at a private school in Greenville. He then attended school in Scotland 
for three years, after which he graduated from Princeton University. He studied law 
with the late Henry S. NX'hite, and was subsequently admitted to the New Jersey bar, 
whei-e he has been successfully engaged for landowners in various railroad litigations. 
His office is at 15 Exchange Place. 

As chairman of the committee on railroads, telephones and telegraphs of the Board 
of Trade of Jersey City, Mr. Currie has conducted most successful campaigns in 
protecting the rights of the city against the Coast Line Telephone Company and the 
Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Company, and has presented many elaborate reports 
on these subjects. Mr. Currie is president of the Point Breeze Ferry and Improvement 
Co. which is the owner of a large tract of riparian land fronting on New York Bay, one 
of the charter members of the Hudson County Historical Society, third vice-president of 
the Board of Trade and a member of the University Club of Hudson County, the Princeton 
Club of New York, and the County and State Bar Associations. His ancestors were 
Scotch, his parents living for years on a large farm located on both sides of what is now 
the boundary line between Jersey City and Bayonne, where they were greatly beloved 
by all. 





HERBERT CLARK GiLSON was born in Jersey City, February IS, 1878, and received 
his education at Hasbrouck Insti;ute, the University of Pennsylvania and the New York 
Law School. He was admitted to the New Jersey bar as an attorney in the February term, 
1899, and has practised the profession in Jersey City since that time In February, 1900, 
he formed a partnership with Peter Bentley under the firm name of Bentley & Gilson 
which continued until September, 1901, after which time he practised alone. 

He was admitted as a counselor in New Jersey, February 24, 1902, and as attorney 
and counselor in New York, May 8, 1906. He was elected second lieutenant of Co. G., 
Fourtn Regiment, N. G. S. N. J., in April, 1903, and withdrew in July, 1903. Mr. 
Gilson is a member of the Hudson County Bar Assoctation, Baltusrol Golf Club, Bergen 
Lodge No. 47, F. and A. M., and the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

Mr. Gilson is a lawyer of sound experience and the highest integrity, who never seeks 
to gain an unfair advantage. His career has been a most creditable and successful one. 
During his professional career he has been identified with a number of important cases 
which he has conducted with ability and success. His practice is a large and important one. 
His father, Thomas Q. Gilson, married Elizabeth Le Con Clark of Jersey City, and he 
is a descendant of English and Scotch ancestors. His father was senior member of 
Gilson, Collins & Co., and warden of St Paul's P. E. Church. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



87 



WILLIAM G. BUMSTED was born in old Jersey City, on December 
23, 1855. His ancestors on both sides had lived in Hudson County for 
several generations. He was educated at Public School No. 14, Hasbrouck 
Institute, then loca.ed in lower Grand Street, and at Philips Academy, 
Andcver, Massachusetts, from which he graduated in 1875. He passed 
the examinations for and entered Yale College, but on account of the 
death of his father, and the necessity of looking after his mother's affairs, 
he did not pursue his college course, but entered the law office of William 
Brinkerhoff, then in the First National Bank building, as a student. 

There he became associated with William H. Corbin, William D. 
Edwards, John S. Mabon and Frederick S. Franibach ; the professional 
and personal friendships there formed have lasted to this day. He was 
admitted to the bar in 1879, and straightway put out his own shingle. 

After practising alone for some years, during which time he acquired 
an excellent office and real estate clientage, he became a member of the 
firm of Wallis, Edwards and Bumsted in 1888, and returned to the First 
National Bank building, where he has since remained. 

In 1902, on the dissolution of the firm by the retirement of Hamilton 
Wallis from active life and the desire of William D. Edwards to devote 
himself to litigated practice, Mr. Bumsted decided to practice by himself 
and thus be enabled to devote more time to his ever increasing personal 

affairs. 

As a lawyer, Mr. Bumsted has not sought the forensic or litigating 
side, but has preferred the work of advising business men and corporations 
in the conduct of their business and finances. He is, primarily, a business 
man, in the broadest sense of the term, who happens to be a lawyer as 
well. He has been a large operator in real estate in Jersey City and on Long Island. He has always had faith in the 
future of his own town. 

From 1880 to 1895, he was successfully engaged in promoting building operations in various parts of Hudson County 
through a number of builders. Owing to increased demands upon his time he has been forced, of late years, to decline 
such work. He has always been a believer in the future development of the Hackensack River water front, and has for 
many years been the largest private owner of land in the county on that stream. While the expected demand for it for 
manufacturing and docking purposes has not yet been fully realized, still his faith in its great future remains unshaken. 




EARLE INSLEY was born in Jersey Citj-, July 21, 1858, and is a son of Henry E. 
and Sarah A. F. (Bahb) Insley. He graduated from Jersey City High School in June, 
1878, read law with Peter Bentley and Charles H. Hartshorne, and was admitted to the 
bar of New Jersey as an attorney in June, 1882. He became the managing clerk of the 
firm of Bentley and Hartshorne, and continued as the managing clerk of Peter Bentley 
until the latter's death in 1888, when he succeeded to his business, then carried on at 21 
Montgomery Street. In 1890 he removed his offices to the Provident Institution for 
Savings building and has remained there since. 

In 1900 Mr. Insley became a member of the firm of Hartshorne, Insley and Leake, 
established in that year for the general practice of the law, his partners being Charles H. 
Hartshorne and Eugene W. Leake. Mr. Insley's special line in this firm is real estate 
law. He is counsel for the Provident Institution for Savings in Jersey City, popularly 
known as the "Bee Hive Bank," a director of the New Jersey Title Guarantee and Trust 
Company, and a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. His practice is a large 
one, and in connection with his work for tne Provident Institution for Savings he has 
made a special study of real estate law and the placing of mortgage loans, of which the 
hank has a large number. 



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HON. CHARLES E. HENDRICKSON, JR. was born in Mount Holly, N. J., December 
21, 1872, and is the eldest son of Supreme Court Justice Charles E. Hendrickson and 
Sarah Wood Noxon. He received his preparatory education at the Mount Holly and 
Peekskill Military Academies, and graduated from Princton University with the degree of 
A. B. in 1895, and from the University of Pennsylvania with the degree of L. L. B. in 
1898, at which he was president of his class. In 1898 he moved to Jersey City, and in 
the same year was admitted to the bar as an attorney and three years later as a counselor. 
He served a year in the office of Otto Crouse, was a law partner of Walter Collins for 
some time, and has since practised alone. On November 17, 1900. he married Janet 
D. Estes of Meinphis, Tennessee, and has two children. 

Mr Hendrickson was a member of the New Jersey House of Assembly for the years 
1907 and 1908 and is now a member of the State Board of Assessors. He is a member 
of the State Bar Association, Hudson County Bar Association, Robert Davis Association, 
Union League Club, Princeton Club, Hackensack Golf Club, Correspondence Club. Die 
Wilde Cans Club University Club of Hudson County, Company A. Fourth Regiment 
and Jersey City Lodge No. 11, B. P. O. E., treasurer of Beach Land Company and 
vice-president of the W. W. Farrier Company. 



ss 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



WILLIAM D. EDWARDS was born in Brooklyn, New York, December 
17, 1855, and came to Jersey City with his parents in 1860. He was 
educated in the public schools and Hasbrouck Institute, graduated from 
the University of the City of New York in 1875, read law with Hon. William 
BrinkerhoFF, and graduated from Columbia Law School in 1878, and was 
admitted to the bar of New Jersey the same year. Since then he has 
practised his profession in Jersey City as a member of the firms of Wallis, 
Edwards and Bumsted, Bedle, Edwards and Thompson and Edwards and 
Smith and is now the senior member of that firm at 1 Exchange Place. 

On May 1, 1883, he was appointed corporation counsel of the city of 
Bayonne, and, though not a resident there, held that office several years. 
He was secretary of the Democratic County Committee in 1S79 and its 
president in 1880. In 1886 he was elected State Senator from Hudson 
County to succeed his legal preceptor, Mr. Brinkerhoff, and served one 
term. In 1889 he was appointed corporation counsel for Jersey City and 
secured the passage of the new charter under which the city is now 
governed. He carried to the Supreme Court and there won the suit 
brought by Jersey City against the Central Railroad of New Jersey for the 
recovery of the South Cove grant in New York Bay, which grant had been 
in litigation for many years and was valued at over a million dollars. 

He has also been engaged in many other famous municipal litigations 
throughout the state, and is now considered one of the leading authorities 
on questions of municipal law, public utilities and ta.xation. He has for 
several years been counsel for the Public Service Corporation of New 
Jersey and of many of the railroads in the state. 

There are few matters in which the city and the railroads are concerned, 

in which Mr. Edwards does not take an active part, and he has come into 

great prominence of late by reason of the part which he took as counsel of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Company 

in its recent application for certain rights from the city in connection with their subway under Railroad Avenue, and as 

counsel for the property owners in the condenmation of a site for a post office by the United States Government. 

His cases in such matters show great research and careful preparation, and the highest experts obtainable are secured 
to substantiate his arguments. No matter of this nature in which Mr. Edwards is interested fails to excite general interest, 
and the data that has been prepared in these cases has, as in many cases, become a part of the history of the city. 




George L. record was born in Portland, Maine, in 1859, and was educated in 
the common schools of that city and graduated from Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, 
in 1881. He taught school for a year in Maine, during which time he commenced the 
study of law and also acquired the art of stenography. In 1S82 he came to New York 
and settled in Jersey City. He was employed in New York law offices until his admission 
to the New Jersey bar in 1887. In 1884 he was appointed by Mayor Collins a member 
of the Board of Education and served one term. From 1886 to 1892 Mr. Record was 
identified actively with the Democratic party. The ballot box exposures of the winter of 
1890 led him to break with the local Democratic machine and he attempted to organize a 
movement to overthrow the Democratic machine. He ran at the primaries as a candidate 
for Congress against the Democratic machine candidate and was defeated. In 1890 he 
supported the Republican candidate for mayor against Orestes Cleveland and acted as 
counsel on recount proceedings brought after the election in the attempt to obtain the 
office for the Republican candidate, George F. Perkins. In 1894 he became counsel of 
the Riparian Commission, which office he held until 1902. In the McKinley campaign 
Mr. Record formally joined the Republican party. In the first Fagan campaign Mr. 
Record ran as a candidate for State Senator, but directed all his efforts towards the 
support of Mayor Pagan's first canvas. 





Albert I. Drayton was born in jersey City, August 14, 1869, and is a son of Dr. 
Henry S. and Almira E. (Guernsey) Drayton. He was educated in the public and private 
schools of Jersey City and Montclair, N. J., and graduated from the New York University 
in 1888, and the Columbia Law School in 1890. He studied law with Randolph, Condict 
and Black, and was admitted to the New .[ersey bar as an attorney in November, 1891, 
and as a counselor in February, 1895. He was a member of the law firm of Condict, 
Black and Drayton in 1901 and 1902, and of Black and Drayton from 1902 to the present. 
Mr. Drayton is vice-president and director of the Jersey City Trust Company and the 
Commercial Investment Company, secretary of the Kewanee Manufacturing Company, 
and a dii-ector of various corporations. He is a member of the New .jersey State Bar 
Association, the Hudson County Bar Association, the Baltusrol Golf Club, the Machinery 
Club of New York, the New York University Alumni Association, the Delta Phi Alumni 
Association and the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

From 1895 to 1906 he was president and general manager of the New Jersey Title 
and Abstract Company. On October 14, 1896, he married Sarah Conselyea Traphagen, 
daughter of Henry Traphagen of Jersey City. Their children are William Rood, Grace 
Traphagen and Katherine Irving, Mr. Drayton resides at 44 Gifford Avenue. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



89 




CHARLES HOPKINS HARTSHORNE was boni in Jersey City November 22, 1851, 
and is the son of Samuel H. and Elizabeth V. Hartshorne. His early education was 
acquired at private schools. He read law with Peter Beniley, Sr., and was admitted to 
the bar at Trenton as an attorney in November, 1872, and as counselor in November, 
1875. He began the practice of law in 1872, and the present firm was formed in 1900. 
Among the important cases with which he has been connected are those of the Mayor et 
ai. of Jersey City vs. Vreeland, 14 Vrooni, (o8, and the Provident Institution vs. Jersey 
City, 11 U.S. Reports, 50(i. He is the author of Hartshorne's New Jersey index-Digest. 
Mr. Hartshorne is the senior member of the law firm of Hartshorne, Insley and Leake, 
his partners being Earle Insley and former Congressman Eugene W. Leake. He is a 
member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

Mr. Hartshorne was married in Boston October 16, 1889, to Mariella Metcalf, now 
deceased. He was chosen deligate to the Universal Congress of Lawyers and Jurists at 
St. Louis in 1904. During the past few months he has interested himself very actively 
in the organization of the Downtown Lunch Club, and has been selected as its president. 
Mr. Hartshorne resides in Montclair, N. J., where he has a handsome home at 53 Union 
Street. 



L. Edward Hermann was horn in Jersey City July 0, 1877, and received his 
early education in the Jersey City Public and High Schools, following which he entered 
the New York University, where, in 1898, he received the degree of Ph. B. His legal 
education was received in the New York Law School, and in June, 1901, he was admitted 
to the bar. 

While a law student, Mr. Hermann taught in night school, and was a reporter on 
the staff of the Jersey City Ncjrs and later of the Jersey City Eirnin!; Journal. Since 
Mr. Hermann has been practicing, with offices in the Commercial Trust building, he has 
secured a large clientage, and is probably one of the most successful young lawyers in 
in the city. 

He was appointed a member of tlie Board of Education in 1905, and again in 1908. 
Mr. Hermann has a large practice in realty law and is the counsel of the Board of Real 
Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity, in which capacity he has rendered to the 
brokers many valuable opinions. He is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City, 
and the founder of the Downtown Lunch Club, which was recently organized. With a 
large circle of friends, Mr. Hermann bids fair to be a very prominent member of the New 
Jersey bar in his later years. 





THOMAS MCEWAN, JR., was born in Paterson, N. J. February 26, 1854, and is 
to-day probably one of the best-known men in Hudson County. His father, Thomas 
McEwan, was born in Scotland, and his mother, whose maiden name was Hannah 
Ledget, was born in the north of Ireland. He received his education at public and high 
schools and from private teachers, and was formerly a civil engineer, but gave up that 
profession for the law, graduating from the Columbia University Law School. He is 
now president of the Highland Trust Company of West Hoboken, and a practicing law- 
yer in the New Jersey and United States courts. 

Mr. McEwan was a member of the Jersey City Board of Assessors in 1886 and 1887, 
and chief supervisor of elections for New Jersey from August, 1892, to October, 1893. 
He was a member of the New Jersey House of Assembly in 1894, after which he became 
the leader of the Republicans, who were that year in the majority. He was elected, in 
November, 1894, a member of the United States Congress, and served two terms as 
representing the Seventh District, and was comptroller of Jersey City from January, 1906 
to March 1, 1907. He was secretary of the Hudson County Republican Committee for 
fifteen years, ending in January, 1893. Mr. McEwan has to-day probably as many 
friends as any man in Jersey City. 



MARSHALL VAN WINKLE was born in Jersey City September 28, 1869, and 
educated in the public schools. He studied law with Vredenburgh & Garretson in 
Jersey City, was admitted to the bar in November, 1890, and became counselor February 
23, 1 894. After his admission to the bar he was appointed Counsel to the Hudson 
County Board of Equalization of Taxes and Commissioner of Appeals in Cases of Taxa- 
tion, from which office he resigned to become Assistant Prosecutor of the Pleas of Hudson 
County, and after resigning from that otfice he was elected a Representative in Congress 
from the Ninth Congressional District, where he served one term. He refused a 
renomination, and is now engaged in the practice of law at Jersey City. He married 
Florence Mills in ls9(). 

Mr. Van Winkle has contributed many notable articles on legal subjects to the 
Albany Lawjuiinidl and other legal periodicals, and is of decidedly literary turn of mind. 
His library, at his Glenwood Avenue home, is one of the largest in the city. During his 
term in Congress he did much for Jersey City, proving himself a valuable representative 
who at all times guarded her interests. The activity in the acquisition of the post-office 
site was largely due to his efforts, on which occasion he worked unremittingly to secure 
for the city the federal building to which it was entitled. 





By Walter G. Muirheid. 



When Peter Minuit, who had landed in Communipaw 
in the Good Vroinv, sailed over to Manhattan Island 
and bought the 22,000 acres of New York for sixty 
guelders or $24, he little knew that it would now be 
worth as high as $583 a square foot in some sections. 
It is perhaps just as well that we cannot read the future. 
Peter might justly have acquired a "swelled head" at 
what was really his good fortune, and have strutted 
around with an arrogance that would have made it hard 
to hold him down, hut he was of sturdy old Dutch stock, 
and despite his large real estate holdings he preserved 
his equinimity at all times, and had many friends in his 
locality. Michael Pauw has the distinction of being the 
first real estate broker in Hudson County. Although 
a non-resident, living peacefully and contentedly in 
Amsterdam, he sent Jan Evertse Bout here and nego- 
tiated the sale of all of Hudson County in 1634 for 
26,000 florins, or $5,200, about the price of a good 
two-family house in Jersey City to-day. Hudson 
County was then considered more valuable than Man- 
hattan Island, and the probability was that all progress 
would be on this side of the Hudson River. 

The town of Bergen was bought from the Indians 
by a Dutch broker in 1630 for a "certain quantity of 
merchandise," which was probably the first record of 
a nominal consideration in Hudson County. It was 



found that the title was not what it should be, however, 
and it was necessary to secure a quit-claim deed. There 
is where the Indians "stung" the Dutchman, for the 
consideration of that deed was "eighty fathoms of 
wampum, two blankets and one double kettle, with half 
a barrel of strong beer." 

Cornelius Van Vorst sold Paulus Hook in 1804, for 
an annuity of six thousand Spanish dollars, and Alex- 
ander Hamilton searched the title for $100. Those 
were indeed wonderful days, when even men like 
Hamilton knew not the potent possibilities of the great 
future. To-day the title companies have amassed for- 
tunes for their stockholders by the searching of titles, 
and land is held at prices that a century hence will seem 
as ridiculous as do the values of 1804 to the real estate 
owners of to-day. 

The Communipaw ferry of 1661 ran boats to New 
York early in the mornings of Mondays, Wednesdays 
and Fridays. They were known as periaguas, and the 
man who was brave enough to venture from Jersey to 
explore the mysteries of New York was forced to take 
a pair of oars and help row the boat across. It might 
be well for the Jersey City business man who has to 
wait a few minutes for a Cortlandt Street boat to look 
back through the mist of the ages and wonder what he 
would have done had he reached the old Comminipaw 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



91 



Ferry late on Monday morning and had to wait until 
Wednesday before he got a boat to New York. At 
that time it took two days to get to Philauelphia in 
summer and three in winter. 

The Paulus Hook Ferry in 1764, from the foot of 
Grand Street, brought the New Yorkers to this side of 
the river, where they went over the " King's Highway" 
to Philadelphia by a stage that was known as the "Fly- 
ing Machine." This was indeed a prophetic title, for 
there seems little doubt to-day but that many \v\\\ live 
to see the day when they may travel to the somnolent 
Pennsylvania city by the real flying machine, in less 
time than it now takes the modern railroad trains. In 
those days, travel to Philadelphia was uncertain. The 
periaguas could not enjoy the perils of navigation after 
sundown, and all traveling arrangements had to be 
made subject to the weather. As the stages left at five 
o'clock in the morning, it was necessary for the New 
Yorkers to come over to Paulus Hook the night before, 
and the old hotel on Grand Street did a thriving 
business. 

These were conditions of the past; what of the pres- 
ent? Jersey City is now joined by subaqueous tubes 
to the heart of the financial district of the great City of 
New York. The "Grand Circuit" of the McAdoo 
tunnel system is completed; all parts of Jersey 
City are joined to all parts of New York City by the 
most direct system of transportation possible. This 
means greater prosperity for Jersey City and for all the 
municipalities of Hudson County than has ever been 
dreamed of by the most optimistic prophets. Do you 
realize what New York City means to-day? An editorial 
writer in the New York World expressed it tersely a 
few days ago when he said: 

"According to the estimate of the Health Department 
the population of New York City is now 4,422,685. 
The city thus contains half a million more people than 
were in the United States when the Constitution was 
adopted. Its population is greater than that of Ohio or 
of the four New England States— Massachusetts, Con- 
necticut, Rhode Island and Vermont. 

" It has a larger population than England under the 
great Elizabeth. It is six times the size, numerically, 
of Paris under the Grand Monarque, four times as big 
as London when George III. was King, more than four 
times greater than Rome under Augustus. There are 
senatorial districts in Manhattan more densely pop- 
ulated than was Athens, 'the eye of Greece,' in the 
ages of Pericles. 

"It was said of the Romans by one of their historians 
that they 'had made the world a city.' New York 
has become a civic commonwealth greater in numbers, 
in wealth, in social, artistic, moral and all but legislative 
influence than any ofthe States of the Union. It added 
to its population last year a city the size of Denver. 
At the same rate it will add every decade the population 
equivalent to a Boston and Baltimore combined, or 
three cities of the rank of Cincinnati. Where is the 
end to be? Superlatives lose their force, when em- 
ployed to express the wonderful growth of New York 
City." 

All this but points to the proud future of Hudson 
County, where lies a territory of available land for 
homes, for stores or for factories at prices at least fifty 



to seventy-five per cent, lower than similarly located 
lands anywhere within an equal distance of New York 
City. This great imperial city of New York, that has 
been pronounced by experts to be destined to be, in the 
near future, the largest and most important city in the 
world's history, not only larger than London but as 
large as London, Paris and Berlin combined, the bus- 
iness capital of the world and the court of the commer- 
cial kings of the future, has no lands around it that offer 
the real estate advantages of Jersey City and the other 
municipalities of Hudson County. 

This is not alone the boast of the Jerseymen, suffused 
with local pride, but an opinion that is acknowledged 
by every real estate authority in New York City. 

A few of the attractions Jersey City and all the 
rest of Hudson County have to offer in the way of 
real estate investments are set forth in this volume 
to-day. That a boom in Hudson real estate is coming 
is the deep conviction of all the real estate dealers, and 
their belief rests upon a solid foundation. 

Nowhere in this part ofthe country can any county 
offer to the homeseeker a healthier location for his 
permanent residence than can Hudson County. Its 
exceptionally low death rate tells that story. The high 
ridge that runs practically the entire length of the county 
insures cool breezes and perpetual comfort, with the 
result that a few minutes suffice to take a man from his 
business office in New York to a comfortable home 
where in summer the intense heat of the busy city is 
practically unknown. 

The city and county parks are always attractive. All 
the proposed county parks will soon be at the disposal 
of the various communities and the enjoyment afforded 
by those already available gives but an inkling of what 
may be expected when all are completed. 

In no part of this State are there better transit facilities. 
Not only does the completion of the tunnels place 
Hudson far in the lead of all the other counties, but in 
addition to that the trolley facilities here are complete 
and at hand for every one. When New York surface 
roads are tied up because of snow, the lines in Hudson 
are kept open and running close to the regular schedule. 
Every railroad but one that goes west or south has its 
terminal here and from here every southern or western 
point can be reached direct. 

What more could the most captious desire? A 
beautiful location, the most salubrious of communities, 
the soundest of financial institutions, excellent business 
houses to meet every demand, transit facilities un- 
equaled, a steady and healthy upward move in real 
estate prices, parks for the public, miles of macadam 
streets, an unrivaled boulevard and a people to whom 
might well be applied the caption the Elks' have claimed 
for themselves, the best people on earth ! 

There should be no argument necessary to prove 
the supremacy of Jersey City as a location for 
honest business. Practically a part of the great port 
of New York, it has countless advantages that New 
York does not nor never can possess, and its real 
estate offers opportunities to the investor and specu- 
lator that can be found in no other similarly located 
section in the United States. As the new slogan 
truly says: "Three minutes from Broadway; you 
can't beat it." 



0-? 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



Of the few men of Jersey City who enjoy the honored 
privilege of having been charter members of the Board of 
Trade of Jersey City, there is none who occupies a more 
prominent place in that body than Frank Stevens. From its 
inception he has acted as its treasurer, and in many of the 
stormy periods that the board has encountered has he 
carried it through safely by a just yet determined control of 
its finances. Mr. Stevens has devoted to the treasury of the 
board the same care and attention that he has given to his 
own business, with the result that there has been no time 
that any member might not learn in detail the slightest fact 
in relation to the hoard's finances by application to him. 

This careful management has resulted in great profit to 
the organization, yet never has Mr. Stevens been persuaded 
to accept any monetary consideration for the valuable 
services that he has rendered, contenting himself with the 
appreciation of his fellow-workers in so good a cause as the 
maintenance of a civic body 
that guards the destinies of 
this great manufacturing and 
home city. Those who know 
the Board of Trade know 
Frank Stevens, and those 
who know Frank Stevens 
generally know the Board of 
Trade l^efore he is through 
with them. 

There are many who say 
that were it not for Mr. Stevens 
there would be no Board of 
Trade to-day, and in confir- 
mation of this statement they 
cite the case of the year 
when the board was virtually 
dying a natural death through 
a general lack of interest, and 
its days were numbered un- 
less some strong personality 
should come to the front and 
revive the weak patient. It 
was at this point that Mr. 
Stevens asserted himself. He 
made a personal canvas of 
the business men of Jersey 
City, and at the meeting of 
September 15, 1890, there 
were over fifty applications 
for membership with his en- 
dorsement. At the following 
meeting there were almost as 
many more, and so the tide 
was turned. New interest 
was evinced in the board, and 
it grew steadily until it is 
known to-day from Maine to 
California, and in every 

country of the civilized globe. Mr. Stevens takes no credit 
to himself for what he has done for the Board of Trade. He 
believes in Jersey City, and that is all the incentive that he 
thinks is necessary. 

Mr. Stevens was born inlDover Plains, Dutchess County, 
New York, on August 19, 1851, and is a son of the late 
William Stevens, 3rd, and Mary Elizabeth Ross Stevens. 
He comes of a family well known in the history of the Dover 
district of Dutchess County. In 1855, the family moved to 
Madison, Wisconsin, where Mr. Stevens' father had large 
lumber and mill interests. They remained there for several 
years until they moved to Chicago, and later, in 1867, came 
to Jersey City. 

In that year Mr. Stevens began a course at Oberlin 




Frank Stevens. 



College, Ohio, at the conclusion of which he engaged in 
business with his uncle in Cleveland, and in 1872 returned 
to Jersey City. His first employment in the east was in a 
New York flour commission house. His first business 
connection in Jersey City was with the late Michael S. 
Allison, the ship builder, made famous by his masterpiece, 
the Mary Powell, which is still in commission on the Hudson 
River. 

The foundation of Frank Stevens' real estate, fire insurance 
and local securities business was established in 1874, when 
he opened a small office at 23 Montgomery Street, then 
about the business centre of Jersey City, as an agent, broker, 
appraiser, and auctioneer. Since that time his office has 
always been on Montgomery Street, and for several years 
has been located at No. 55. The business has thrived and 
prospered until it has to-day attained a place at the top of 
the list as the pioneer and most representative business 

interest of its kind in the city, 
and Mr. Stevens has reaped 
the reward of seeing it in- 
crease in volume and import- 
ance, and establish for itself 
a standard of its own for 
prominence, reputability, 
thoroughness, organization, 
and responsibility. 

A force of experienced as- 
sistants is always in attend- 
ance to care for the present 
business duties, or to take up 
new ones, and all matters 
receive prompt attention and 
careful handling. The busi- 
ness is acknowledged to have 
the most perfect office system 
of any real estate and insur- 
ance office in the State and is 
conducted on strict principles 
of care and economy. It is 
thoroughly organized and 
managed by a responsible 
and e.xperienced head of 
affairs. 

The trust funds are and 
always have been kept in 
a separate depository from 
the business funds, thus se- 
curing to clients the greatest 
possible safeguard and pro- 
tection. 

Inspection and inquiry of 
business methods and systems 
is invited from all who are 
interested. Real estate and 
local securities are sold at 
auction, and in many cases the 
results of these sales have established a standard of value for 
some time to come. The fire insurance agency, which is 
carried on in a separate depanment, has company assets of 
over $18,500,000. The real estate agency controls a large 
amount of the most valuable and desirable business, factory 
and residential properties in the city for home and foreign 
estates, institutions and individuals. 

Mr. Stevens holds numerous offices of trust. He is 
president of the Real Estate Trusts Company of Jersey City, 
treasurer of the Fire Underwriters Association of Hudson 
County, chairman of the executive committee and treasurer 
of the New Jersey New York Real Estate Exchange and was 
president of the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City 
and vicinity for five years prior to September, 1908. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO DAY. 



03 




Anions the most active real estate and insurance firms of the Bergen section is 
that of Micliel and Figenrauch of the Five Corners. These young men deserve great 
credit for the extensive business whicii they have built up for themselves. 

Anthony Michel was born in Jersey City, July 1, 1877. and received his education 
in the public schools, graduating from the Jersev City High School in 1895. Plans 
for an architectural career were at first thought of, and instructions in mechanical 
drawing and mathematics taken, but his ambition to be engaged in the real estate and 
insurance business took the lead, and he finally received a position with the Hamburg 
Bremen Fire Insurance Company at New York City shortly after his graduation. He 
enjoyed the confidence and good will of that company from the beginning, which later 
resulted in his receiving the appointment as their Jersey City representative, although 
he had been away from their office for several years before the appointment was made. 
He had other positions in New York City in the same business, and there received a 
most thorough training and practical e.xperience in the insurance business, which has 
served its purpose well by enabling him to establish one of the largest agencies on the 
hill, with the assistance of his partner. 

In 1900 he established an agency in Jersey City 
in connection with his New York duties and worked 
nights there, and two years later established the 

present olfice at the Five Corners, which location he selected as being especially suited 

for the business and accessible to all sections of the city. 

He has been instrumental in affecting a number of real estate deals in ihis section, 

is interested in building and loan associations, and in 1904 was elected treasurer of the 

Hudson Caledonian Building and Loan Association, which office he still holds. He Is a 

member of the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity, and of Bergen 

Lodge No. 47, F. and A. M. 

The business grew so rapidly during the past three or four years that a partner 

became necessary, and he therefore associated Mr. Eigenrauch with him on February 

1, 1907. 

Henry Eigenrauch was born in Jersey City, October 28, 1884, and received his 

education in public schools and business colleges. He was a book-keeper for four 

years previous to starting in business April 1, 1906. He is one of the most successful 

of the young real estate men in the city. The firm of Michel & Eigenrauch is one of the 

leaders in the real estate world in the Five Corners section and controls much of the 

property of that prosperous portion of the city. 



Anthony Michel. 




Henry Eigenrauch. 



The Hudson Real Estate Company, which 
conducts a general realty and insurance agency 
business at Ocean and Lembeck Avenues, 
Jersey City, with a down-town office at York 
and Grove Streets, practically originated on 
June 1, 1895, when a partnership was formed 
between Henry Lembeck and Alfred J. O'Neill 
under the firm name of Henry Lembeck & Co., 
with offices in the Lembeck Building, now the 
home of the Greenville Banking and Trust 
Company. 

On June 1, 1898, the present company was 
formed with thefollowing gentlemen as incorpo- 
rators: Henry Lembeck, Henry L. Kellers, Hon. 
Henry Puster, GustavW. Lembeck and Alfred 
J. O'Neill. The business of Henry Lembeck 
and Co. was acquired, the Hudson Building 
erected at considerable expense by Mr. Heniy 
Lembeck, and the company moved to its 
present quarters July 1, 1900. The officers at 
that time were Henry Lembeck, president ; 
Henry Puster. vice-president, and Alfred J. 
O'Neill, secretary and treasurer. 

Hudson Real Estate Co., Ocean Avenue Building. upon the death of Mr. Lembeck, in i904, 

the control of the company was acquired by Mr. O'Neill, who succeeded to the presidency. Frederick Platz, who has been 
identified with the company for some years, was elected secretary and treasurer. The company, while it controls property 
in different parts of Jersey City, has directed its principal efforts in the past to the Greenville section, and has been a large 
factor in its many developments by its acuvity in the real estate field and through ownership and control of considerable 
real estate. 

In 1907, the property, corner of Grove and York Streets, was purchased and offices fitted up, to take charge of the 
growing business of this corporation in the lower section of Jersey City. With these two thoroughly equipped offices, this 
institution has exceptional faciliues for handling business in every secnon, insuring to clients prompt, efficient and intelligent 
service. The progressive record of this company since its incorporation and its rapid strides in the past ten years entitles 
it to a place in the front rank of the real estate fraternity of Hudson County. 




91 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




Thomas A. Ryer. 



Thomas A. Ryer was honi in Brockpon, New York, on July G, 1872, 
and received his early education at Public School No. 3 of that city and the 
Maine Wesleyan Preparatory College of Rents Hill, Maine. From 1887 
to 1890 he worked as a clerk for Callo, Nelson & Ward, insurance 
agents at 21 Montgomery Street, and left their employ in November, 1890 
to start as a clerk with the Singer Manufacturing Company at Sixteenth 
Street and Third Avenue, New York City. In 1892 he was appointed 
chief clerk, in 1894 cashier, and in January 1900 manager. 

In March, 1901, Mr. Ryer left the Singer employ, and three ir:onths 
later started in the real estate and insurance business at 688 Ocean Avenue, 
where he is still located. In May, 1906, he opened a branch office in the 
Commercial Trust Company building. Mr. Ryer now has a selling 
organization of five men and a clerical force of nine, and has negotiated 
some of the largest real estate deals of the past year. 

Mr. Ryer is chairman of the Committee on Promotion of Trade and 
Stock Lists of the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity, 
and a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

During the past few years Mr. Ryer has acted as an expert appraiser 
in the reassessment of Jersey City, and is credited with unusual facilities 
for judging values. He is possessed of a most accurate knowledge of the 
city, and knows the value of the several localities to a nicety. This 
characteristic is so well known that he has been employed much of his 
time of late on these tax matters w-here unusual tact and ability have been 
needed. 

Mr. Ryer has never hesitated to give time, energy and inoney for the 
advancement of Jersey City, and has been instrumental in bringing to the 
city many of the large manufacturers and industries that have located there 
during the past eight years. His real estate, mortgage investments and 
insurance business now ranks among the largest in the state. 

He is an enthusiastic motorist, and was the first real estate broker in Jersey City to introduce the automobile as an 
accessory to his business. His clients in many cases are shown properties throughout the county by means of a high-speed 
car, enabling them to visit the extreme boundaries of the county in an afternoon, and thus form a most accurate idea of its 
many commercial and residental advantages. The use of the automobile by real estate brokers has been followed by many 
since Mr. Ryer set the example, so that in this as in many other phases of the real estate business he is considered a pioneer. 

Gustav A. Pfingsten was born in Jersey City, December 2, 1867. He 
was educated in the public schools of Jersey City and later graduated from 
the New York Evening High School, after which he entered the employ of 
the International News Company, at that time at 29 and 31 Beekman 
Street, New York City, where he remained for about three years as 
general receiving clerk. He w-as obliged to resign this position on account 
of poor health and reinained in the Catskill Mountains for about a year, 
when being fully recovered he returned and in 1891 entered the real 
estate profession as a member of the firm of Charles A. Pfingsten & Co. 
This firm dissolved partnership in 1899 and Mr. Pfingstein continued a 
general real estate and insurance office in his own name. His office at 
126 Congress Street is a very bu;y one and he is considered an authority 
on real estate matters in that section of the city. He has always taken a 
very active part in public affairs of the city, county and state, has served as 
Justice of the Peace, and was appointed by Mayor Fagan to the office of 
Excise Commissioner and a member of the Board of Fire Commissioners. 
He is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City and of the Board of 
Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity. 

Aside from his interest in Jersey City as a real estate proposition. Mr. 
Pfingsten has always been identified with iis advancement, and has always 
stood ready to give his time and his money towards any project for its 
development. He believes that Jersey City is destined to be a great city, 
with unlimited possibilities, and to that end he stands ready at all times to 
do what he can in his modest way towards its growth along the right lines. 

To his inany clients he always endeavours to give advice along these 
lines, and impress upon them the possibilities of the city in which they are 
fortunate enough to own land. This advice, given in so optimistic a way, 
has already reaped its reward in many cases, for he can now point to the 

cases of several clients who have made handsome profits in real estate deals by reason of following his suggestions and 
investing their money in Jersey City property. 

Mr. Pfingsten is fortunate in being located in the Hudson City section of the city, which offers such exceptional 
advantages for the making of large profits in realty, and every such profit that is made by his advice only adds to his 
prestige as a real estate broker. The predictions that he made to his clients years ago about the great increases in real 
istate values in Jersey City have all come true, and they are therefore equally sanguine of the wisdom of the prophecies 
that he is now making concerning the great Jersey City of the next decade. 




GusTAv A. Pfingsten. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



95 




Henry I. Darling. 



The H. 1. Dailino Improvement Company was organized under the 
laws of the state of New Jersey June 19, 1903 tor the purpose of building 
houses and selling the same on easy terms. The otticers are now, and 
have been since the organization of the company, Henry I. Darling, 
president ; Norman Christie, vice-president and Benjamin J. Darling, 
secretary and treasurer. The directors are three in number and are the 
above named persons. 

The company has built over eighty houses in Jersey City and placed 
in them as many families as purchasers. Through its efforts enterprising 
citizens have come here, and increases in real estate values and 
improvements in the city, notably in the Hudson City section, can in a 
large measure he attributed to its activities. The many people benefitted 
by this company, and those who have purchased property from it, testify 
to its honesty, fairness and straightforward dealings. The fact that it never 
ejected a purchaser for failing to abide by the terms of its contract speaks 
loud for the generous way in which it conducts its business. 

Norman Christie, vice-president of the company, was born June 19, 
1863, at Hillside, Bergen County, New Jersey. He came to Jersey City 
when three years old, and attended public school No. 2, Hudson City, 
now No. 7, Jersey City. He has resided in the Hudson City section of 
lersey City ever since. Mr. Christie became engaged in the real estate 
business in 1892, and is considered an excellent judge of real estate values 
in his locality. For several years he was connected with a number of 
building and loan associations, to which he gave his time gratuitously for 
the benefit of poor people endeavoring to procure homes. 

He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, Unique 

Lodge No. 34, Suminit Lodge No. 182, Independent Order of Odd 

Fellows, and Woodmen of America, Hudson Camp, and attends the 

He is very well known in the Hudson City section, where he has a host of friends, 



He graduated 



Central Avenue Reformed Church. ....„--, , ^ , ■ , , • , 

and is also widely known in Bergen County, being a direct descendant of the early Colonial settlers m that county. 
Benjamin J. Darling, secretary and treasurer of the company, was born in Hoboken. July 14, 18/9. He g 
from Public School No. 7, Jersey City, in 1895, and afterwards attended the Jersey City High School and the Eagan 
School of Business. He attended and became a member of the Class of 1901 of the New York University Law School, 
graduating with the degree of bachelor of laws in June, 1901. , ^ , . 

Mr Darling was a law student in the offices of Van Winkle & Klink, Samuel A. Besson and Henry A. Gaede, and was 
admitted to the New Jersey Bar as an attorney in the February term, 1901, and as a counselor in the February term 
1904. He entered into parmership with Frederick K. Hopkins January 1, 1902, which parmership lasted one year, and 
continued practice alone at 588 Newark Avenue, where he is now located. 

He was Republican candidate for member of the Assembly in 1903 and 1905, but never held public office. He is 
secretary of the Bergen Republican Club, a director of the Hudson City Mutual Building and Loan Associanon, and a member 
of the Hudson County Republican Committee, Central Republican Committee, Bergen Improvement Association, Ninth 

Ward Civic Leage, Ex- 
celsior Council, Royal 

Arcanum, and St. John's 

Protestant Episcopal 

Church. The Improve- 
ment Company is a mem- 
ber of the Board of Trade 

of Jersey City. 

The company is but an 

example of the wonderful 

real estate prosperity of 

Jersey City of to-day. It 

"has grown and prospered 

by selling the right kind of 

houses at the right price to 

people who are sensible 

enough to be satisfied to 

live within their means, 

and the result has been 

that there is not a man 

who bought from them a 

year or more ago who 

could not sell his house 

to-day at a handsome 

profit. The real estate 

market of to-day is richer 

by the existence of such 

companies as this. 





Norman Christie. 



Benjamin J. Darling. 



96 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




HENRY T. NUGENT, successor to Warren and Nugent in the real 
estate and insurance business at 333 Grove Street, Jersey City, was born 
in Jersey City and has resided there all his life. Until 1890 he was 
engaged as the Western representative of a New York business house, at 
which time he entered into the real estate business in partnership with the 
late Joseph Warren. Since Mr. Warren's death he has continued the 
business in his own name, maintaining the same office. He was a member 
of the Board of Finance of Jersey City during the administration of Mayor 
Pagan. Mr. Nugent is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City 
and the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity. 

Added to the modern business which has increased so rapidly of late 
by reason of the wonderful activity of real estate in lower Jersey City, 
Mr. Nugent also has all of the business that was brought to the former firm 
by the late Mr. Warren, who was one of the most notable real estate 
brokers of his day, and which business has been handled personally by 
Mr. Nugent for about two decades. This includes the management of many 
large estates and the agency for many of the large manufacturing corporations 
that have made Jersey City their home during that time and have no 
desire to leave it during their corporate e.\istence. 

Mr. Nugent is a great believer in Jersey City and especially the 
business and manufacturing portions, and has good reason to be, for he 
has seen that portion of the city grow until values have more than doubled, 
and in many cases the desirable spots are practically e.xhausied. He has 
an excellent idea of real estate values, based on his long experience and 
active operations in the field, and is often sought as an expert in cases 
where the value of real estate is involved. 

His real estate office is recognized as one of the reliable old established 
offices of the city, as distinguished from many that have been in business but a short time, and for that reason his clientage 
is of a high character, and many important deals are consummated there. With the new McAdoo tunnel station at Grove 
and Henderson Streets, there will undoubtedly come a great activity in real estate in Mr. Nugent's section, and experts 
say that all records will be broken in that locality. When that time comes, the exceptional office management of Mr. 
Nugent's business will enable him to cope with the wonderful increase of trade, and he will be found among the leading 
brokers of that vicinity, a position which he now holds with dignity. 

GEORGE H. FREW was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, November 20, 1863, and 
after being educated in the schools of that city came to Jersey City in 1887. He entered 
the carpenter's trade, and had a shop on Astor Place for many years. While practising 
his trade he did all the work for the estate of George GifTord, and so won the confidence 
of the executors of that estate that they made him their real estate agent and turned over 
to his care their real estate holdings, which comprise some of the choicest properties in 
Hudson County. 

His success in handling the holdings of this and other large estates was so great, and 
the services which he rendered to the owners were so highly appreciated that he decided 
to make this charge the nucleus of a business of his own, and in 1904 he gave up the 
carpenter trade and opened an office for the sale and exchange of real estate and 
insurance at 646 Communipaw Avenue. The prestige that he had established by his 
straight and upright business dealings soon attracted to him a goodly host of clients, and 
he has to-day one of the busiest offices in the Bergen section of Jersey City. Mr. Frew 
has resided on Clinton Avenue since coming to Jersey City. He is a member of the 
Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity, and a strong advocate of any 
movement for the betterment of the city or its beautification along the lines of the city 
plans. His present office is at 648 Communipaw Avenue. 





In the great realty prosperity that is now in evidence in Jersey Ciiy, S. M. GOULD of 
125 Monticeilo Avenue takes an active part. Mr. Gould started work when he was 
thirteen years old, and established his present real estate and insurance business in 1902. 
He has prospered with the general appreciation of Bergen realty, and has negotiated 
many large deals, placed several large mortgage loans, and is agent for many large owners 
and estates. His office is daily thronged with men and women interested in real estate, 
and all patronize him for the prompt and honest treatment whicii he bestows upon his 
clients. 

One of the secrets of Mr. Gould's success is his absolute and unwavering confidence 
in Jersey City real estate. Those who have traded in realty through him have seen the 
lands and buildings tn the Bergen section in many cases double in value, and the advice 
which Mr. Gould has given them, though always deliberate and conservative, has enabled 
them to turn their money over at a handsome profit. He is an excellent iudge of values, 
and has studied the real estate conditions until his knowledge is sought from ail sources, 
and his prophecies have generally turned out right, while his opinions are the result of 
deep thought and careful study. Mr. Gould has a large number of clients who place 
implicit faith in his advice, and takes a special interest in all matters afTeciing the city. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



97 



Wisconsin Jackson was born in New York City on November 15, 1847, 
and received his education in the public schools of that city. During 
the early part of his lite he was engaged in the wholesale grocery and 
commission business in New York City, comiiig to Jersey City in 1870. 
For sixteen years he was superintendent of the Newark Plank Road and 
Bridges while such road and bridges was owned by the Newark Plank 
Road Company. They have since passed under the control of Essex and 
Hudson Counties. 

In 1885 Mr. Jackson, foreseeing the great future that property in the 
West Bergen section was bound to attain, began to purchase vacant tracts 
there and erect houses thereon. The beginning was a modest one, but the 
project grew, and he found so many ready purchasers that his houses were 
sold almost as soon as they were built. Mr. Jackson is to-day one of the 
largest builders of one- and two-family houses on the West Side, having 
built and sold, on easy instalments, nearly two hundred houses. He has 
always shown great interest in this section of the city, and has been active 
at all times in urging and procuring improvements. His efforts have been 
duly rewarded, for in addition to establishing one of the leading real estate 
offices of the Bergen section, he has seen West Bergen grow from a small 
settlement of scattered houses to a densely populated home section, in 
close communication with New York City and offering advantages to 
home-seekers that it would be impossible to find at anything like the price 
within an equal distance of New York. For this movement he has been 
largely responsible, for the growth of West Bergen is largely due to his 
untiring and progressive efforts to furnish to the home-seekers of Jersey 
City attractive residences at a price commensurate with their means — an 
effort which has been crowned with success. 

In 1896 Mr. Jackson organized the West Side Building and Loan WISCONSIN JACKSON. 

Association, and has served as its president almost continuously since its organization. The association has been a most 
successful one, and has placed nearly half a million dollars in homes on the West Side during the past eleven years. 

Mr. Jackson is now in the real estate and insurance business with his office at 554 West Side Avenue. He is a 
member of the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity, the Board of Trade of Jersey City, Highland Lodge 
No. SO, F. and A. M., Admiral Farragut Council No. 162, Jr. O. U. A. M., Onward Lodge, No. 159, L O. O. F., Woodland 
Lodge No. 5, K. of P. and William T. Sherman Council No. 1340, R. A., and has served as Noble Grand, Chancellor 
Commander, and Regent, respectively, of the last three fraternal orders named. Mr. Jackson is to-day one of the best 
known men in Jersey City, and his advice is sought on all matters affecting the city's real estate interests. 




Among the real estate brokers of Jersey City none has attained a more 
sigiial success than D. D. Fennell, who has, during the ten years that he has 
been engaged in the West Bergen section of the city, risen rapidly to the 
highest rank of his profession. Mr. Fennell has a firm faith in West Bergen, 
and believes that it is destined to be one of the most thickly populated and 
populous sections of the city. Acting on this belief, he has himself built 
many houses there, and attracted many large purchasers to the locality 
which he represents. As a result of his efforts, he has built up an enormous 
business, and his office at 491 West Side Avenue, which is open both day 
and evening, is one of the busiest places in West Bergen. His clients have 
the utmost confidence in his judgment and integrity, and flock to him for 
csunsel on realty matters and advice as to where they may best invest their 
savings either to secure a suitable home or a valuable property on which 
they may speculate for a substantial increase. 

Mr. Fennell is a great advocate of the City Beautiful, and has interested 
himself in many projects toward that end, believing that to make a city 
prosperous one must first make it attractive. He is a great believer in the 
value of shade trees along the public thoroughfares, and at his own expense 
has planted thirty trees along Williams Avenue and a large number on 
V-rginia Avenue. The residents of this section, for whom he has planted 
these trees, have shown great appreciation of his efforts, and others have 
requested similar favors from him, wiiich he has granted wherever the 
conditions are right. 

As secretary of the committee of the promotion of trade of the Board of 
Real Estate Brokers, Mr. Fennell has had much to do with the success of 
that board's real estate exchange. He attends the exchange daily, and 
gives valuable advice to all who inquire there at that time as to the real 
estate conditions and advantages of Jersey City. This work is done 

entirely without compensation, and purely through his interest in the board and in Jersey City of to-day. 

Mr. Fennell was born in Brooklyn in 1863, and spent his early life there. He was director of the Grand Fraternity of 

Philadelphia for five years, a member of the Governing Body for ten years and Superintendent of Organizers for twelve 

years. He is a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City, the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and 

vicinity, and Bay View Lodge No. 146, F. and A. M. 




D. D. FENNELL. 



ns 



JERSEY CITY OE TO-DAY. 



Louis Sherwood was born in Newark, N. J., October 3, 1864, and 
has resided in Jersey City since 1866. He is a son of the late Thorne P. 
Sherwood, who resided in Jersey City since 1866 and was engaged in 
the insurance business until his death in 1893. He was also a member 
of the Board of Education during Gilbert Collins' mayoralty, and treasurer 
of the Y. M. C. A. during the years 1893 and 1898 and president for 
1898 and 1899. 

The subject of this sketch was educated at Public School No. 13, 
Jersey City High School and Hasbrouck Institute, from which he 
graduated in the spring of 1882. About that time he entered the insurance 
office of Woodward, Sherwood & Company, where he remained until 
1890, when he purchased a half interest in the insurance business 
established by E. Van Houten in 1870. In Eebruary, 1904 he purchased 
the interest of Mr. Van Houten, and shortly afterwards incorporated his 
business as the Van Houten and Sherwood Company, of which he has 
been and is now the president. The office, whicii is located in the 
Commercial Trust Company building, transacts every kind of insurance 
business, maintaining separate departments for fire, liability, casualty, 
accident, boiler, plate glass and automobile insurance. It also represents 
a large surety company, and executes bonds for receivers, trustees, 
guardians, executors, administrators and officers and clerks of banks, 
corporations and mercantile houses. 

Mr. Sherwood is a director of the Lincoln Trust Company of New 
Jersey ; director, member of the executive committee and chairman of the 
committee on real and personal estate and insurance of the Board of 
Trade of Jersey City ; member and secretary of the cotnmittee on rates 
and rules of the Board of Fire Underwriters of Hudson County ; organist 
LOUIS Sherwood of Lafayette Reformed Church for twenty-five years, choirmaster for 

fifteen years, and treasurer of the church and a member of its official board ; vice-president of the Hasbrouck Institute 
Alumni Association ; secretary and treausurer of the Commercial Investment Company ; member of the Royal Arcanum ; 
one of the charter members of Communipaw Council ; interested as stockholder and director in several important New 
Jersey corporations ; a charter member of the Signal Corps, National Guard, State of New Jei-sey, now serving his ninth 
year with rank of Quartermaster-General ; member of the Veteran Association of the Signal Corps, consisting of men who 
have served their term and have been honorably discharged, and member of the National Fire Protection Association and 
the British Fire Prevention Commission of London, England. 




Michael Craven, who died at his home in Jersey City on June 11, 
1909, at the age of fifty years, after an illness of several months' duration, 
was probably one of the best-known men in Jersey City. He was a son 
of the late John Craven, who founded a real estate business several years 
ago at 57 Newark Avenue, which business was afterwards transferred to 
77 Railroad Avenue, where it became a fixture. At the time of his death 
Mr. Craven was the head of this firm, which retained the name of John 
Craven & Son, and negotiated many of the large real estate deals in the 
lower part of the city. 

It was one of the old-time, conservative real estate firms that had a 
large and influential clientage, and did not have to look for any great 
amount of new business, for its clients were all moneyed men and women 
with large real estate interests, and were constantly buying or selling 
property, with the result that plenty of business was furnished for the 
agents. In addition to this the collection of rents and the placing of 
insurance was a large business in itself, for their holdings comprised many 
of the leading business, flat and tenement properties in lower Jersey City. 
As head of the firm, Mr. Craven gave his personal attention to all the 
details, and thus gained the confidence of his clients, so that they never 
left him. 

In February, 1882, Mr. Craven was admitted to the bar of the State of 
New Jersey as an attorney, and although he never practiced law, this 
knowledge served him well in his profession as a real estate broker. He 
made a special study of real estate law in all its branches, paying particular 
attention to recent decisions, and his clients in the real estate line thus 
received additional service and were assured that there would be no legal 
complications, as is so often the case in realty transfeis. He searched all 
his own titles, and his face was as familiar in the offices of the register of 




MICHAEL Craven. 



deeds and the county clerk as those of many lawers. No title that he had searched was ever questioned, and in no case 
did he fail to find any liens that were against the property. Clients who patronized him had no need for other legal aid, and 
this fact in itself drew to him many who might otherwise have been attracted to other real estate brokers. 

Mr. Craven was enthusiastic in his faith in Jersey City, and was always ready to contribute his time and money to 
any project that had as its object the city's advancement. He was a member of the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey 
City and vicinity and the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



99 



George a. FOYE was born in Leavenworth, Kansas, July 4, 1875, 
and came to Jersey City in \xWi, where he engaged in the real estate 
business. On July 1, 1900 he took over the business which had been 
established by Andrew J. C. Foye in 1870, and is at present conducting 
the same at 2 Foye Place, Jersey City, The office, located as it is near 
the heart of the Bergen residential section, is one of the busiest on the hill, 
and many of the large real estate transactions of the city are negotiated 
there. Mr. Foye has made a special study of residential property, and 
is considered one of the best informed men of the city in that line. 

Mr. Foye is treasurer of the Board of I^eal Estate Brokers of Jersey 
City and vicinity and a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City, the 
Lodge of the Temple, F. and A. M. No. 1 10; Hudson Lodge, L O. O. F. 
No. 14, and Woodland Lodge, K. of P. No. 5. He resides at 68.^ Bergen 
Avenue. 

The remarkable growth of the Bergen section and its exceptional 
desirability and consequent popularity as the site for private dwellings 
and two-family houses, has been the cause of much of Mr. Foye's success, 
for he has been in the very centre of the movement, and has been 
supported by a vast army of citizens who were ready at all times to buy 
and sell improved or unimproved real estate in this section of promise 
where the confident have made money while the skeptical and cautious 
have looked on and seen them do it and then wondered why they had not 
had the nerve to do the same thing. 

Mr. Foye has always had decided confidence in this Bergen section, 
and this confidence, combined with a reasonable amount of commercial 
conservatism, has resulted in a conception of the true real estate situation 
that has been of great value to his clients, for they have sought his advice 
and followed it, and never have had cause to regret it. Acting under that advice, many of them have doubled and more 
than doubled their investments, while others who have risked small sums have seen them grow into properties that may 
to-day be sold at remarkable profits, but which they, still acting on his advice, have decided to hold for still further 
increases as the real estate values of the Bergen section advance. » 




JOHN A. RESCH was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1854, and was 
educated in the public schools of New Jersey. He learned the carpenter's trade after 
leaving school, and took an architectural course in Cooper's Union, New York City, and 
special courses in Newark. In 18.S6 he established himself as an architect on Jackson 
Avenue, and since that time has become one of the leaders in the profession of architec- 
ture in Jersey City, having designed many of the important residences of the city. His 
present office is at 170 Lexington Avenue. 

Mr. Resch makes a specialty of private residences, but during the latter years has 
drawn the plans for a large number of two-family houses which have become such a 
popular form of construction since land has so greatly appreciated in value. He has 
drawn plans for an entire block of houses on Roosevelt Avenue, west of "West Side 
Avenue, for several brick apartments on West Side Avenue, and for a large number of 
two-family houses, many of which are on the north side of Boyd Avenue between the 
Hudson Boulevard and West iSide Avenue. He is president of the Fraternity Mutual 
Building and Loan Association, and a decided optimist on Jersey City real estate, knowing 
full well the progress that has already being made and appreciating keenly the wonderful 
strides that the next decade will show. He is likewise an advocate of the city beautiful, 
as his work will attest, and some of his buildings are amon" the most artistic in the city. 





JOHN H. PAUL was born in tne Melrose section of New York City, September 26, 
1877, and received his education at the public schools of the Melrose section of New 
York City. He moved to Jersey City in 1893, and after a commercial course in Drake's 
Business College secured a position with Amend and Amend, real estate lawyers at 
Nassau and Beekman Streets, New York City. Mr. E. B. Amend is now a Justice of 
the New York Supreme Court. 

In October, 19(13, Mr. Paul established himself in the real estate and insurance 
business at M24 Hudson Boulevard, near Lincoln Street, Jersey City, where he built his 
present offiice in the spring of 1905. His office is one of the busiest in the Hudson City 
section, and he has a large body of clients. He is secretary and treasurer of the Twelfth 
Ward Republican Realty Company, and a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City, 
the Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity and the Hudson City 
Business Men's Association. He had charge of the Jersey City metered water during 
Mayor Pagan's Street and Water Board administration, and has served as Ju.stice of the 
Peace of the Twelfth Ward. In 1905 he adopted the red and blue corner on all his 
advertising matter, which is now known all over Hudson Coimty, for Mr. Paul has a 
remarkably large clientage, and has negotiated some of the largest real estate deals in the 
Hudson City section of the city. 



100 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



C. HOWARD SLATER was born in Jersey City, July 6, 1864. Justus Slater, 
his grandfather, was one of the pioneers of Hudson County. Mr. Slater received his 
education in the public schools of Jersey City. At the age of fifteen he began life as an 
office-boy in the law offices of Wallis & Edwards, afterwards accepting a position in New 
York. In 1881 he entered the employ of the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company. 

In 1886 he engaged in the real estate qnd insurance business at 308 Pacific Avenue, 
where he remained until 1906, when on account of largely increasing business he was 
forced to move into more commodious offices at 305 Pacific Avenue. In 1889 Mr. 
Slater married Miss Irene Searle of Rome, New York. They reside at 41 Gifford 
Avenue. 

Mr. Slater is third vice-president of the Board of Trade of Jersey City, a director of 
the Bergen & Lafayette Trust Company and chairman of its auditing committee, 
vice-president of the Lafayette Mutual Building and Loan Association, treasurer of the 
Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City and vicinity ; member of Amity Lodge No. 
103, F. & A. M. and J. P. Entwistle Lodge No. 204, I. O. O. F., and for many years 
has been superintendent of the Lafayette station of the Jersey City post office He is 
one of the best-known men in the Lafayette section of Jersey City. 







There is probably no better known man in the Hudson City section of Jersey City 
than A. A. FRANCK. Mr. Franck was born in New York City July 22, 1853, and 
educated in the public schools of Hudson City before its consolidation with Jersey City. 
He entered the banking and brokerage business in February, 1868, and remained therein 
until 1885, when he founded the real estate and insurance business by which he has 
since become known from one end of the county to the other. He is a director of the 
Hudson City Savings Bank, the Highland Trust Company and the Board of Education, 
and a member of the Board of Trade and Board of Real Estate Brokers of Jersey City 
and vicinity. 

In the Hudson City section Mr, Franck is looked upon as the real estate mentor of 
that locality. Men and women throng his office nightly for advice on all matters 
pertaining to this section, and his opinions are sought on all subjects in which they are 
interested. His real estate office, at 98 Bowers Street, is one of the busiest on the hill. 
His genial manner and wonderful knowledge of real estate values make a rare 
combination, and there are few men in his section of the city who take so deep an 
interest in Jersey City of to-day, and reason out what it might be if all its citizens gave 
equal attention to its liiture welfare. 



CHARLES A. LEWIS was born in Brooklyn in 1856, and moved to Jersey City in 
1859. He was educated at No. 1 1 School at Bergen Square, of which Edward G.Ward 
was then principal. In 1882 he was taken into the real estate firm, which his father, John 
A. Lewis, started in 1875, and at his father's death in 1901 he succeeded to the business, 
■which he still conducts at Bergen Square. 

John A. Lewis, the founder of the business and the father of the subject of the 
present sketch, was born in Eatontown, Monmouth County, New Jersey, in 1822, and 
came to New York when fifteen years of age. He was employed in a wholesale dry 
goods house, and was aftewards manager of the New York Steam Sugar Refining 
Company until he started the real estate business in 1875. 

" Residential propertyhas depreciated in value in lower Jersey City," says Mr. Lewis, 
"buthasappreciatedon thehill, and the increase has only just begun. The hill is the coming 
place for homes. Jersey City is so near New York, and the convenience of the trolley 
system, in connection with the new tunnels, will add more value to our real estate. The 
great increase of rentals and property values in New York City will surely aid Jersey 
City by thousands of people moving to this side of the river for cheaper rents." 





EDWARD SAVOYE was born in West Hoboken, N. J., in 1843. His father was 
born in France and was of Swiss ancestry ; his mother was born in New York City and 
was a descendant of Robert Hicks, one of the second body of Puritans who arrived in 
Plymouth, Mass. in 1621. 

Mr. Savoye moved to Jersey City in 1867, where he has since resided. He well 
remembers the Hudson City section when there were many forest trees and farms in it. 
His earlier years were spent in mercantile life in New York City as commercial traveler 
and in charge of the New York office of a New England manufacturing concern. 

In 1893 he entered the real estate business within two doors of his present location, 
513 Palisade Avenue. He has always done a safe conservative business and has been 
successful. He had a common school education and was connected with the First 
Presbyterian Church of West Hoboken over fifty years, and for thirty years was very 
prominent in its official life, being treasurer twenty-four years. 

He is a director in the Highland Trust Company of West Hoboken, has the respect 
and confidence of the community, and is often consulted by his neighbors on real estate 
matters. Mr. Savoye is a member of the Board of Real Estate Brokers. 



]01 




F I N A N C I A L 



>.-'ty','JC' ;.'.p''.KJ>iy . «K'igt.'i w:iip 



to^ai>:^^■Vi^,^'■.^•^^J^."■.'.■■ .■ ..;-ij.rft-t.HMB 



BySAMlIF.I. LUDLOW, JR. 



Jersey City lures to its gates from a multitude of 
trunk lines and highways a veritable golden stream. 
As a result the banking institutions of the city have 
enjoyed a continuous growth in deposits as well as 
general a'^sets. They are a true barometer indicating the 
large growth and business success of the community. 

From the financial standpoint, Jersey City is to New 
Jersey what New York is to the United States. As a 
manufacturing centre, its position in the country is an 
enviable one. While it is the seventeenth largest city 
in the country in point of population, it is the fifteenth 
largest city in the amount of capital invested in manu- 
facturing enterprises. According to the last United 
States census, over $30,000,000 in capital is employed 
in manufacturing lines. By comparison with the capital 
invested in other cities, Jersey City stands out with 
much prominence. In the ten years between 1890 and 
1900, the amount of her capital invested in manufactur- 
ing lines increased 342 per cent. 

The value of the product turned out by the factories 
of Jersey City each year amounts to over $77,000,000, 
or more than the product manufactured in either San 
Francisco, Minneapolis or Detroit ; in fact the value of 
Jersey City's manufactured product exceeds the value 
of all the product manufactured in the cities of Kansas 
City, Indianapolis and Scranton combined. The 



Director of the United States Census in his last report 
to Congress, in comparing the growth of the manu- 
facturing product of the various cities in the State of 
New Jersey made this statement : "Jersey City shows 
the most rapid growth, the value of its products having 
increased (from 1890 to 1900) fi'om $37,000,000 to 
$77,000,000, or at the rate of 106.6 per cent." 

Furthermore, out of thirty-two of the largest urban 
centres of population in the United States, Jersey City 
stands fourth in size, being the urban centre of a 
population of over 950,000 people. Within a radius of 
ten miles from Jersey City's City Hall may be found 
the thickest populated ten mile radius in the whole 
world. Jersey City as an urban centre has 463 miles 
of electric railway tracks or the fifth largest mileage of 
any urban centre in the country. The capital invested 
in these street railway lines amounts to ? 102, 000, 000. 
83,000 wage workers make their homes in Jersey City, 
while 20 per cent, of the private families own their own 
homes. In considering, therefore, the advantages of 
Jersey City from the commercial and industrial as well 
as from the intellectual standpoint, too much emphasis 
cannot be placed on the enterprise and richness of the 
community. As fuel and laborare necessary in turning 
the wheels of commerce, so is the bank a necessity in 
safeguarding the wealth which commerce creates. 



in-3 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



It is perhaps no exaggeration of the fact to state that 
the majority of the large business negotiations under- 
tatcen daily in the State of New Jersey are passed 
through the offices or representatives of Jersey City's 
financial institutions. In framing laws affecting corpo- 
ration finance, experience has taught that the wisdom 
of the financiers of Jersey City should be given heed, 
especially in considering modifications in the banking 
laws of the State. The men at the head of the banking 
institutions are always consulted with the appreciation 
that their advice is not alone given at all times with full 
regard for the welfare of the public at large, but that the 
advice given is predicated upon a thorough understand- 
ing of the business of banking and finance. 

The State of New Jersey feels proud of its banking 
laws and the banking institutions operating under its 
supervision. Jersey City feels especially proud in 
submitting evidence as to the stability of its banks, to 
refer to the fact that it has not experienced a bank 
failure or bank embarrassment in over a decade. 
Ten years ago Jersey City had but twelve banking 
institutions with a total capital of $2,050,000 and total 
surplus and profits of $4,240,000. The total deposits 
of those banks then aggregated $3 1 ,855,000. During 
the last ten years it has increased the number of its 
banking institutions 50 per cent, and has increased the 
total capital stock of such institutions 100 per cent. 
The surplus and profits have increased over 70 per 
cent., while total deposits during the last ten year 
period have increased over 100 per cent. At the 
present time there are four national banks, one state 
bank, nine trust companies, one title guarantee and 
trust company, three savings banks and thirty-nine 
building and loan associations which comprise the 
banking strength of the community. These banking 
institutions have a combined capital of over $4,000,000 
with combined surplus of over $7,000,000, indicating 
that they not alone substantially safeguard the public 
funds by ample capital, but their strength is more than 
doubly reinforced by the conservative practice of apply- 
ing large portions of their earnings to the establishment 
of a surplus fund applicable to the protection of their 
depositors. The banking institutions of Jersey City 
have total deposits of about $65,000,000 while the 
building loan associations have total assets of $7,600,000, 
making total resources, including capital investment, of 
over $84,000,000. This is a showing of which few 
urban communities can boast, for it will be seen that 
Jersey City grows, not alone in point of population and 
in the value of its commercial and manufacturing 
operations, but is more than keeping pace in its 
accumulation of actual money. By an analysis we find 
that every man, woman and child in the city of Jersey 
City have their full individual share of the per capita 
circulating wealth of the nation. As an indication that 
the Jersey City banking interests are well regarded, 
three of its institutions have for many years been 
members of the New York Clearing House Association 
and all of the other institutions are affiliated in such a 
way as to make them representative of the financial and 
moral strength of the city. Jersey City's financial 
institutions work in harmony with each other, realizing 
that in such harmony they not alone strengthen the 
individual bank but safeguard the public interests. The 



citizens making up the board of directors of the various 
banking institutions are men of tne highest type, selected 
with a regard to clean business records and probity. 

With the memory of the panic of 1907 and 1908 
still fresh in the public mind, it is fitting to refer to the 
fact that during the panic, which, by the way, has been 
acknowledged by students of finance as the greatest 
bank panic in the history of the world, every bank in 
Jersey City withstood the demands made upon it 
without the slightest evidence of embarrassment or 
weakness. In fact, the banks of Jersey City withstood 
so well the extraordinary demands of the panic that 
financiers of representative financial communities have 
several times publicly commented on their extraordinary 
showing. There is no banking facility that modern 
business demands that is not fully met in the banking 
institutions of Jersey City. The business man who 
locates here may feel that his every reasonable banking 
requirement will be properly and courteously attended 
to. The banks of Jersey City have shown themselves 
ever ready to support every enterprise that looks to the 
upbuilding of the community, provided it is formulated 
on lines which embody clean and conservative business 
management. 

In addition to the ordinary banking institutions, 
Jersey City can boast of sustaining a healthy well 
managed life insurance company. The Colonial Life 
Insurance Company is distinctly a Jersey City institu- 
tion and while it has only been incorporated since 1897 
it has accumulated a reserve fund securing policies 
aggregating $870,000 with a surplus accumulation in 
the interest of policy holders of $266,000. Over 
$21,000,000 of policies have been issued and it has 
paid promptly to policy holders and provided for pay- 
ments to an amount of over $2,350,000. In five years 
it has increased its insurance in force over 100 per 
cent. Few young companies can boast of such a 
showing and the figures which this local company 
submits is but another indication of the city's healthy 
and prosperous growth. 

Jersey City's form of city government insures to the 
public a conservative and inextravagant administration 
of its public affairs. The municipal affairs of the city 
have fortunately been for many years in competent 
hands, while the city's finances are on a sound and 
conservative basis. The securities issued by the city 
of Jersey City have long been in demand by banking 
and fiduciary institutions as well as by the general 
public for investment purposes and bring premiums 
that are frequently greater than are paid for securities 
issued by a majority of the other representative muni- 
cipalities. The payment of the securities issued by 
the city is faithfully conserved by a well established 
sinking fund. 

Taking it altogether, the richness of Jersey City from 
the standpoint of banking and finance is the strongest 
evidence that it is inhabited by a people who recognize 
that conservative business dealing is the keystone to 
the arch of prosperity. The strategic location of Jersey 
City at the gateway to the main avenues along which 
the larger percentage of the products of the country 
passes in the process of absorption by the markets of 
the world insures for the city a growth and permanence 
which might well be envied by other communities. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



103 



The Union Tixist Company of New Jersey, at present one 
of the youngest trust companies in the state, has a long and 
honorable ancestry. It is the direct successor of the Second 
National Bank of Jersey City, which in turn was the child 
of the old Bank of Jersey City. 

Away back in 1856 a number of the foremost citizens of 
the old-and small-Jersey City felt the need for a local 
institution which might truly be a " home bank " to care for 
the interests and promote the welfare of the business and 
professional life of the city of those days. They, therefore, 
organized the Bank of Jersey City with a strong board 
of directors, with John Cassidy as president, and A. S. 
Hatch as cashier. Mr. Hatch received a national reputation 
later as a member of the banking house of Fisk and Hatch 
into which he went to care for the goverment's interests in 
the issue of the old " 7-30s. " 



advanced from teller to cashier. The affairs of the bank 
continued in this way until Mr. Hogencanip concluded 
a few years ago to lay down the cares of his office and 
retire. 

While Mr. Hogencamp's resignation was under considera- 
tion it was deemed advisable in the event of his ultimately 
severing his relations officially, to secure, as president in his 
place, a man who could bring to the institution a complete 
practical knowledge of the many details of modern banking. 
Ultimately a man of long years of schooling as a practical 
banker in New York City in the person of Mr. Samuel 
Ludlow, Jr., was induced to accept the position to be made 
vacant by the old president and he was elected to the office 
on April 6th, 1906. 

The result was immediately felt. The board of directors 
was increased, the assets were increased, the deposits were 




Po 



111 1 * , , 





Union Trust Company of Nenx- Jersey. 



Mr. L. E. Chittenden, a relative of Mrs. Hatch, and 
Salmon P. Chase, Secretary of the Treasury, brought forward 
the original banking law, and under the provisions of that 
law the Second National Bank of Jersey City was formed to 
take over the business of the Bank of Jersey City in 1865. 

The new institution had new directors and officers; it was 
full of "new blood " hut it succeeded a bank that through 
all the days of "wild cat currency " met its every obligation 
in full and maintained its notes at a premium. Blakeley 
Wilson and William Hogencamp became its president and 
cashier, respectively, and the bank thrived under their 
guidance, still holding the affections of the Jersey citizens 
as the " hotiie bank." Upon Mr. Wilson's death, Mr. 
Hogencamp became president and James G. Hasking was 



increased — indeed during the first one hundred days of the 
Ludlow administration they increased at the rate of .$3,000 
per day — and the new regime was thoroughly in the saddle. 
Mr. Hasking was still the cashier. But greater changes and 
improvements were pending. 

On July 1st, 1907, the Union Trust Company of New 
Jersey formally opened its doors as the successor of the 
old " home bank," the Second National, and the grandchild 
of the Bank of Jersey City was thus introduced to the Jersey 
City public. Never was a change made with such celerity 
or with such an absence of friction or mistakes. On 
Saturday, June 29th, the old bank was doing business as 
naturally and effectually as in the past, but on Monday, 
July 1st, another institution had taken its place as if by 



104 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




Samuel Ludlow, Jr., President. 



magic. In the multiplicity of detail necessitated by that change, the new 
president was almost omniscient and omnipresent. 

The Union Trust Company of New Jersey began business with a paid 
in capital of $500,000 and a surplus of $125,000 and with deposits 
over one million dollars. From its very inception it has met with public 
favor and seemed to take its place immediately in the front ranks of the 
New Jersey banking institutions. Its officers and directors are all men of 
prominence in the commercial and financial world, and are : 

J. F. Allen, banker. New York City ; Joseph E. Bernstein, president 
of the Furst Co., Jersey City, N. J.; Eman L. Beck, president of the 
Mexico Banking Co., Mexico, Chas. K. Beekman, Philben, Beekman and 
Menken, New York City; Joseph A. Dear, Jr., vice-president of the Evening 
Journal, Jersey City, N. J.; Lewis E. Gordon, vice-president of Hartford 
Life Insurance Co., Hartford, Conn.; John J. Gorman, Manhattan 
Electrical Supply Co., Jersey City, N. J.; James P. Hall, president James 
P. Hall Incorporated, Jersey City, N. J.; James G. Hasking, vice-president 
and treasurer; Erskine Hewitt, vice-president Trenton Iron Co.; R. S. 
Hudspeth, Hudspeth & Carey, Jersey City, N. J.; R. W. Jones, Jr., 
banker. New York City ; G. W. Lembeck, president Lembeck & Betz 
Eagle Brewing Co.. Jersey City, N. J.; Chas. E. Levy, cotton merchant. 
New York City; Chas. F. Long, architect, Jersey City, N. J.; Samuel 
Ludlow, president; Jacob Ringle, J. Ringle & Son, Jersey City, N. J.; 
John T. Rowland, Jr., city architect, Jersey City, N. J.; Thos. Rowlands, 
Patterson & Rowlands, Jersey City, N. J.; Thos. W. Shelton, attorney, 
Norfolk, Va.; J. T. Thomas, banker, Grenada, Miss.; T. E. Wing, 
attorney, New York City; J. L. WyckofF, vice-president Queens County 
Trust Co., Jamaica, N. Y. 

It conducts a large business in foreign and domestic exchange and 



domestic bills. Its methods of modernity, safety and courtesy are daily increasing the number of its friends and depositors. 
It maintains at all times a large cash reserve, and its " quick assets" are a feature of its statements. It has a provident 
department where saving accounts are accepted, and does a "banking-by-mail " business in competition with western trust 
companies. Of course it transacts all business essentially characteristic of modern banks and trust companies. It owns its 
buildings and is fast forging forward to that position to which it of right belongs, and before many years it ought to take a 
leading place among the banks of New Jersey. 

Mr. Ludlow, its president, is a young man— a very young man for his exalted postion ; but to use a colloquialism, he 
has "made good." With a long and honorable career in the Fourth National Bank of New York and the National Shoe 
and Leather Bank of New York, with an experience in every department of banking and with a knowledge born from that 
experience, he brings a natural aptitude for banking to bear on the many phases of the work presented to him daily that 
augurs well for the future of the Union Trust Company 

John J. Gorman, vice-president, is one of Jersey City's most successful citizens. His many years activity as president 
of the Manhattan Electrical Supply Company has proved him to be a 
thoroughly successful business man. His pleasing personality has brought 
about him a wide circle of friends and his recognized integrity and business 
judgment make him sought for among all those who have had the pleasure 
of his acquaintance. He is a man of considerable means and devotes quite 
a great deal of his time to the interests of the trust company. 

Joseph E. Bernstein, another of the vice-presidents of the bank, is 
known as one of Jersey City's most prominent merchants. While his 
business reputation has been gained in the upbuilding of the Bernstein 
Company, the largest clothing establishment in the city, of which he is 
president, and of the Furst Company, the largest department store in the 
city, of which he is likewise president, he has in addition gained a wide 
acquaintance and the respect of the Jersey Cityites generally through his 
evidences of unselfish public spirit. He has done perhaps as much as any 
man to encourage local pride in the city institutions and business houses. 
He is a banking official of the very best type. 

A word must be said also in regard to the man whose whole life has been 
spent in the service of the Trust Company and its immediate predecessors. 
James G. Hasking, the vice-president of the Union Trust Company, is 
known to every man, woman and child in Jersey City. His long years 
have seen presidents come and presidents go, but he has stayed, rendering 
loyal service to dealer and stockholder alike, until he has gained the 
affectionate respect of everybody that knows him. In addition to holding 
the important position of vice-president and treasurer of the trust com- 
pany he gives much attention to the interests of Jersey City in general 
though his official connections with several civic societies and is at present 
president of the city's sinking fund commission. 

George E. Bailey, the secretary of the company, is one of Jersey 
City's young business men. He has a wide circle of business and social 
acquaintances and a business reputation of which his many friends feel proud. 




James G. Hasking, 
Vice-President and Treasurer. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



105 



The Commercial Trust Company of New Jersey, the 
largest trust company in Jersey City, is located at the 
northern door of the State of New Jersey in a building which 
has the unique distinction of being not only the leading 
otfice building in Jersey City but the home of more corpora- 
tions than any other ol^ice building of its size in the world. 
The company transacts a regular hanking business, paying 
uiterest on all deposits, and makes a specialty of general 
trust business, such as acting as executor, administrator, 
guardian and trustee for individuals and taking entire charge 
of real and personal estates. Because of the great number 
of estates handled by this company it is enabled to take 

charge of such busi- 

ness at much less 
expense than an 
individual, and its 
conservative man- 
agement, under the 
supervision of the 
State Banking De- 
partment, insures a 
safeguard for mat- 
ters entrusted to its 
care that cannot be 
equalled in any one 
or more individuals. 
The company has 
a capital, surplus 
and undivided 
profits of over three 
million onehundred 
thousand dollars, 
and is managed by 
the following offi- 
cers and directors : 
John W. Harden- 
bergh, president ; 
Robert S. Ross, 
vice-president ; 
William J. Field, 
secretary and treas- 
urer ; Jay S. Per- 
kins, assistant treas- 
urer and J. Richard 
Tennant, assistant 
secretary. Direc- 
tors : Douglas Alex- 
ander, Frederick G. 
Bourne, William 
BrinkerhoFF, C. C. 
Cuyler, Jacob J. 
Detwiller, Charles 
D. Dickey, Oscar 
L. Gubelman, John 
W. Hardenbergh, 
William B.Jenkins, 
Clarence H.Kelsey, 
Gustav E. Kissel, 
David W. Law- 
rence, James A. Macdonald, John A. Middleton, James G. 
Morgan, Moses Taylor Pyne, Percy R. Pyne, 2nd., Archibald 
D. Russell, Roberts. Ross, Edwin A. Stevens, MylesTierney, 
Cornelius Vanderbilt, John J. Voorhees, George W. Young 
and Augustus Zabriskie. Executive committee : C. C. 
Cuyler, John W. Hardenbergh, John A. Middleton, Moses 
Taylor Pyne, Robert S. Ross, Myles Tierney, John J. 
Voorhees and George W. Young. 

The banking department of this company is equipped to 
collect out-of-town checks promptly through direct corres- 
pondents. Special rates are quoted for collections in large 




wm^. 



Commercial Trust Company Building. 



volume. Money is loaned on bond and mortgage and on 
approved securities. It should be known that deposits of 
corporations organized under the laws of this state and 
doing business in a foreign state are not taxed in New 
Jersey. It is therefore to the advantage of New Jersey 
corporations to deposit their funds with this company, which 
offers all the facilities of a New York City banking institu- 
tion. It pays interest on check accounts and time deposits, 
and is the legal repository for bankruptcy funds. 

Deposits of savings with this company receive interest at 
the rate of four per cent, per annum on all amounts to $1 ,000 
and three per cent, on all amounts from $1,000 to $3,000. 

Interest is credited 
January and July 
of each year and if 
not withdrawn will 
receive interest the 
same as a regular 
deposit. 

The estates of de- 
ceased residents of 
New Jersey having 
deposits of funds in 
the savings banks 
of New York City 
must pay the New 
York inheritance 
tax before the funds 
can be withdrawn. 
The advantage of 
keeping savings 
with this company 
is apparent, as no 
such law exists in 
New Jersey. 

The safe deposit 
vaults of the com- 
pany are the largest 
and best equipped 
in northern New 
Jersey and their 
location at the ter- 
minals of the Pen- 
nsylvania Railroad 
and the New York, 
Susquehanna and 
VC'estern Railroad 
and the station 
of the Hudson 
tunnels from New 
York, together with 
the ferries from 
New York and 
Brooklyn, makes 
them convenient for 
persons living 
throughout New 
Jersey and New 
York City. 
The trust department transacts a general trust business, 
acts as executor, administrator, guardian and trustee for 
individuals, takes entire charge of real and personal estates, 
acts as trustee, transfer agent and registrar for corporations, 
and executes all trusts. 

The company owns the property adjoining the present 
building on the west, and it is said to be its intention in the 
near future to erect thereon a new office building. The 
offices in the present building are in great demand, and it is 
seldom that there is a vacancy. It is to-day the leading 
office building in Jersey City. 




?^Um 






lOfi 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 



The New Jersey Title Guarantee and Trust Company was 
chartered by the legislature in 1868. It commenced business 
in 1888, with its office at 45 Montgomery Street. It has 
a capital of $500,000, and surplus and undivided profits of 
$1,225,000. 

The business of the company increased rapidly, and it was 
soon found necessary to procure new quarters. Accordingly 
the building known as 83 Montgomery Street was erected. 
In the course of six years it had outgrown these quarters 
and bought the lot adjoining the one already occupied, 
extending its building and making it one of the most com- 
plete and attractive banking houses in the state. 

The company, 
which has its bank- 
ing house and safe 
deposit vaults at 83 
and 85 Montgomery 
Street, near Wash- 
ington Street (and a 
short distance from 
the Pennsylvania 
Railroad and Hud- 
son and Manhattan 
Railroad terminii) 
some time ago pur- 
chased the adjoin- 
property at 8 1 Mont- 
gomery Street, as 
well as 102 and 
104 York Street, 
which now gives it 
a frontage of 75 feet 
on Montgomery 
Street and 50 feet 
on York Street, 
with a depth of 
200 feet, so that the 
company now has 
ample land for fu- 
ture exensions of 
its ever increasing 
business. 

There are several 
departments for 
conducting the dif- 
ferent branches of 
its business: 

The trust depart- 
ment carries on a 
general banking 
business, allowing 
interest on daily 
balances subject to 
check ; lends money 
on approved col- 
lateral and on bond 
and mortgage on 
improved Hudson 
County real estate, 
and acts as trustee, executor, guardian, administrator, etc. 

The title department searches and guarantees titles to real 
estate anywhere in New Jersey. The title plant is the 
most complete copy of the original records of the Register's 
and County Clerk's offices in the state, and its preparation 
and installation marked a decided innovation in the search- 
ing of titles in Hudson County. A large majority of the 
titles that are passed in the county are guaranteed by the 
company, and there is no case where they have failed to 
protect the owner in case of any dispute or the production of 
any unpaid liens or claims. 




The New Jersey Title Guarantee and Trust Company 



The safe deposit department is equipped with every modern 
device and safeguard and its vaults are equal to any in the 
state. Storage vaults for silver and other valuables are also 
connected with this department. 

The corporation department incorporates companies and 
acts as agent, trustee of mortgages to secure bonds, transfer 
agent and register of stock. 

The company has had a most successful career, as is 
evidenced by the fact that its surplus now amounts to nearly 
two and one-half times its capital, all of which has been 
earned and not " paid in," as has been the custom during 
the past few years in organizing new trust companies. 

The institution 
has over 4,500 
depositors, whose 
daily balancesaver- 
age over $5,500,- 
000, and are stead- 
ily increasing. 

There are no 
higher minded suc- 
cessful business 
men in the country 
to-day than those 
who direct the af- 
fairs of the New 
Jersey Title Guar- 
antee and Trust 
Company. They 
are broad guaged 
men who are 
keenly alive to the 
changes progress 
has brought about 
in business meth- 
ods and the oppor- 
tunities for increas- 
ing the company's 
business along le- 
gitimate lines. 
They have the un- 
limited confidence 
of Jersey City 
people, and their 
reputation for 
business integrity 
is as wide as the 
world itself. 

The company is 
often spoken of as 
"conservatively 
progressive" in the 
sense of having 
been the first to 
adopt methods 
which are now in 
vogue in conserva- 
tive banks through- 
out the country. 
The officers of the company are William H. Corbin, 
President; George T. Smith and George F. Perkins, Vice- 
Presidents; Daniel E. Evarts, Secretary and Treasurer; A. 
C. Greene, Assistant Secretary and Assistant Treasurer, 
and James H. Isbills, Title Officer. 

The board of directors consists of Charles L. Corbin, 
William G. Bumsted, Earle Insley, George F. Perkins, 
William H. Corbin, James B. Vredenburgh, Spencer Weart, 
Edward L. Young, George T. Smith, Joseph D. Bedle, 
Edmund W. Kingsland, William Murray, George F. Perkins, 
Jr. and Gilbert Collins. 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DA\. 



107 



The Jersey City Trust Company, with a banking house 
located at the corner of Newark, Hohoken and Summit 
Avenues, better known as the Five Corners, is one of the 
leading trust companies of the city. It commenced business 
October 1, 1902, and this business has steadily increased 
until at June 30, 1909, the last statement of conditions, it had 
a capital of $100,000, surplus of $11 1,219.42 and total assets 
of $1,939,796.52. The Five Corners is a growing section of 
the city, by reason of the wonderful trolley transportation 



he resigned and was succeeded by John W. Hardenbergh, 
who is also president of the Commercial Trust Company of 
New Jersey and vice-piesident of the Hudson County 
National Bank. The other officers are Albert I. Drayton, 
vice-president, John H. Coyle, vice-president and secretary, 
and Charles L. Decker, treasurer. The board of directors 
consists of Aaron S. Baldwin, Frederick W. Bietz, John F. 
Boyle, John H. Coyle, Albert 1. Drayton, Wiliard C. Fisk, 
James A. Gordon, John W. Hardenbergh, Thomas C. 






(*^5^!# 




facilities, and there has sprung up in late years a shopping 
section there that has been largely responsible for the trust 
company's growth. 

The company does a general banking and trust business, 
and pays four per cent, interest on special deposits and two 
per cent, on daily balances of $100 or over. It has safe 
deposit and storage vaults, which are extensively patronized 
by the people of that section. 

Judge Da\id W. Lawrence was the president of the 
company from its incorporation to a short time ago, when 



Kinkead, David W. Lawrence, George F. Lahey, James 
H. O'Neil, Robert S. Ross, Henry F. Reinhard, Carl H. 
Reumpler, John J. Voorhees, Charles L. Young and George 
W. Young. 

The bank being the only trust company in the vicinity of 
the Five Corners has the almost exclusive trade of that 
section, and its officers make a point of giving their personal 
attention and advice to their customers on all financial 
matters. Plans are now under way for the addition of two 
stories to the present building, which will be used for offices. 



108 



JERSEY CITY OF TO-DAY. 




There are few men in the State of New Jersey who are more conversant with 
matters concerning banking and finances than STEPHEN M. EGAN, the disbursing 
financial agent of Hudson County. 

Officially, Mr. Egan is the County Collector, but to this should be added the titles of 
treasurer and auditor, for he performs the duties that would devolve upon such officials 
if they were provided for in the county administration. Newark has an auditor as well 
as a county collector, and each has work enough to keep him busy. Though hard 
pressed at certain periods of the year, Mr. Egan finds it possible, with the aid of two 
efficient clerks, to keep the business of this department of the county government up to 
the high standard that he established when he first assumed the county collectorship in 
1902. 

Born in Jersey City forty-nine years ago, it can be truly said of Mr. Egan that he has 
grown up with the city. As a boy he attended St. Peter's Parochial School and Hasbrouck 
Institute, which at that time was located in lower Grand Street. 

At an early age he acquired a fancy for business, and his first knowledge of inercan- 
tile life was gained as a clerk in the New York office of the National News Company, of 
•which Patrick Farrelly, a well known resident of Jersey City was the head. 



There is no dealer in local and New Jersey securities that is better known in Jersey 
City than is E. F. MILLAR, who is engaged in business on the eighth floor of the Com- 
mercial Trust Company building, both individually and as manager of the Jersey City 
branch of W. M. Imbrie&Co., dealers in New Jersey securities and members of the 
New York Stock Exchange. This enterprising young financier started in business for 
himself in 1902, and now has the patronage and the confidence of the leading investors 
and speculators of the city. 

He is considered an authority on financial matters in the city, and has carefully 
studied the development of the Public Service Corporation and its underlying securi- 
ties, the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company, the P. LoriUard Company, the brewing and 
zinc conipanies and the several national banks and trust companies. Mr. Millar is a 
familiar figure in the Exchange Place financial circles, where his opinion is frequently 
asked upon the future of some local security, and never fails to answer the questions 
accurately and conservatively, and to impart with them some knowledge or suggestion 
that may be valuable in the future. He has a large number of clients, who deal with 
him largely for the honest and upright treatment which they receive at his hands, and 
these bring him many others by their recommendations. 




Edmund W. KINGSLAND was born in Lodi, Bergen 
County, New Jersey, December 15, 1838, and received his 
education at the old Lyceum School in Grand Street, Jersey 
City, and the New York Polytechnic School. In 1856 he 
began his business career as a clerk to Lyman Cook of New 
York City, and on April 15, 1863, entered the "Bee Hive" 
Savings Bank, now the Provident Institution for Savings, as 
a clerk. He steadily advanced with this institution until he 
was promoted to the office of treasurer, and in July, 1896, 
he was elected president, the position which he now holds. 
Mr. Kingsland is connected with St. Paul's Church. He is 
a member of the Board of Trade of Jersey City. 

It is safe to say that Mr. Kingsland has inherited from 
his father the reputation of being one of the best-known 
men of Jersey City, and ihere is no question that much of 
the success of the Provident Institution for Savings is due 



to the personal attention that he gives to its customers. 
No detail is too small for him to attend to, and every 
depositor knows that the president is ready at all times to 
hear his or her case and advise where advice is necessary 
in all matters affecting their savings or their investments. 

A man of sterling integrity and possessed of the happy 
faculty of making friends and keeping them, Mr. Kingsland 
is indeed one of Jersey City's representative citizens and a 
powerful factor in the financial world. His bank is unique 
in the city, and it owes a large share of its popularity to its 
president. Mr. Kingsland resides on Montgomery Street 
opposite Van Vorst Park, is mai-ried, and has a family. 

He is always active in any movement for the betterment 
of Jersey City, and is a thorough believer in its splendid 
future as a location for homes and business. No citizen's 
committee is complete without him. 



The HUDSON COUNTY NATIONAL BANK of Jersey City 
was established in 1851, and is the oldest business bank in 
Hudson County. Its banking house is located at the south- 
west corner of Washington and York Streets, and is one of 
the most important office buildings in the city. The ground 
floor is occupied by the Board of Trade of Jersey City. The 
bank is noted as being conservative yet progressive. It has 
paid $2,000,000 to its stockholders in dividends, and has 
$725,000 profits on hand. 

Its officers have been as follows: Presidents, John Cas- 
sidy, 1851; John Griffith, 1853; Matthew Armstrong, 1858; 
John Armstrong, 1865; Job Male, 1873; Augustus A. Harden- 
bergh, 1878; Richard C. Washburn, 1889, and John D. 
McGill, 1901. Vice-presidents: John Van Vorst, 1859; 
Thomas Earle, 1873; Augustus Zabnskie, 1890; John D. 
McGill, 1900, and John W. Hardenbergh, 1901. Cashiers: 



Albert T. Smith, 1851; Lewis N. Condict, 1857; Augustus 
A. Hardenhurgh, 1858; David \V. Taylor, 1878; Edward A. 
Graham, 1882; John W. Hardenbergh, 1889, and Nelson J. 
H. Edge, 1899. 

The bank has a large number of depositors who have 
been customers ever since its foundation, and each year 
adds greatly to its number of depositors. It is considered 
one of the soundest and most reliable banking institutions 
in the city, and its officers are always at the service of the 
customers to render any advice or assistance along financial 
lines. The Hudson County National Bank building, which 
adjoins that of the Provident Institution for Savings, is one 
of the leading office buildings of the city, having been 
erected a few years ago, and is the office home of a large 
number of the city's business and professional men, while 
the Board of Trade adds much to its importance. 



109 




PHYSICIANS h SURGEONS 



• ifll^A l i*,£iiilJM f M3afa»iV : i\ -I PW^f,^ 



By Gordon K. Dickinson, M. D. 



For altruism and self-denial no profession equals the 
medical. At one time, through association with the 
clerical, it absorbed a code of ethics which has dictated 
its character. In its development it allied to the 
pedagogic, reserving no knowledge to itself and 
teaching all that may be known, hence the term 
"Doctor — teacher." The wonderful advances in the 
several branches of medical lore of the past few years 
through experimentation, observation, and careful 
consideration of phenomena observed have added so 
much knowledge of one's self, sick or well, that no 
innovation of exclusive dogma can have material effect. 

The medical profession of this city possesses un- 
doubted excellence in mental calibre and in the 
practical application of its art. Proximity to a medical 
centre and facilities given by several well-conducted 
hospitals materially aid in the development of the 
medical mind. No true advance is made in active life 
without intercourse with others and the stimulation of 
proper competition. The several medical societies and 
clubs which have existed in the town provide the 
former. They meet with regularity, are well attended, 
and an increasing number of physicians, young and 
old, take the floor to advance their ideas. 

The combined result of conditions mentioned has 
made the young man of to-day a safer practitioner than 



the older man of thirty years past. The profession of 
Jersey City, true to its innate tendency, has not been 
behind that of any other community in its endeavors to 
control those conditions antagonistic to good health. 
The Board of Health, instituted and re-organized by 
the medical men of the town, is gaining steadily in 
practical value. In conjunction with the Public Library 
a department has been established for the profession ; 
subscriptions are made to the leading medical journals, 
both domestic and foreign, and the shelves are stocked 
with standard works of medical literature. 

The popular cry for the suppression of tuberculosis 
has been heard in our town, and we are one of the 
first municipalities in the State to take active steps, so 
that in the immediate future, on the high ground of 
Snake Hill, sanatoria for the cure and relief of the 
consumptive will be constructed. 

Practitioners of medicine and surgery naturally avoid 
publicity, their work not bringing them into the lime- 
light of the public press. Whenever called upon, 
however, they never fail to respond in the interest of 
the city. Mention should be made of Buffet, for his 
fiction ; Watson, for his surgical monograph ; and the 
elder Varick, for his experimentation on the protective 
properties of blood serum and the antiseptic effect of 
hot water in wound treatment. 



INDEX 



PaKc 



.Title Page Cliatics Roy Bowers i 

Jersey City of To-Day Walter G. Miiirheid 3 

Jersey City When the Workl was Young: William //. Riehardson 26 

A Greater and Better Jersey City H. Olio Wittpenn 29 

The Hackensack River Shore Front Eugene W. Leake 3" 

Manufactures John J. Voorhees 42 

Bench and Bar Gilberl Collins 81 

Real Estate and Insurance Walter G. Muirheid 90 

Financial Samuel Ludlozc. Jr lOI 

Physicians and Surgeons Gordon K . Dickinson 1 09 



Page 

Alphaduct Company 74 

American Sugar Refining Co 58 

American Type Founders Co 55 

Ames & Co., W 77 

Beach, George R S6 

Bender Co.. William 78 

Bierck, Theodore L 40 

Bishop's Sons Co., E. B 78 

Boynton Furnace Co 73 

Brunswick Laundry 76 

Bumsted, William G 87 

Burt & Mitchell Co 46 

Butler Bros 51 

Campbell, Archibald A 35 

Colgate & Co 45 

Collins, Gilbert 82 

Collins, Lavery & Co 70 

Commercial Trust Co 105 

Connolly Construction Co., M.T.. . . 57 

Corcoran, Andrew J 41-44 

^Craven, Michael 98 

C'urrie, Mungo J 86 

Cvidlipp, William C 85 

Diiirymen's Mfg. Co 77 

Da.ly, David R 40 

Davling Improvement Co., H. I.... 95 

Df^ar, Joseph A 32 

Dodge & Bliss Co 47 

Drayton, Albert I 88 

Edwards, William D 88 

Egan , Stephen M 108 

Everett & Malone 79 

Fagan , Mark M 4° 

Fennell, D. D 97 

Ficken, John H 41 

Foye, George A 99 

Franck, Albert A 100 



DESCRIPTIVE 

I'age 

Frew, George H 96 

Gifford, Livingston 38 

Gilson, Herbert C 86 

Gould, S. M 96 

Great A. & P. Tea Co 68 

Halstead & Co 60 

Hamill, James A 83 

Hartshorne, Charles H 89 

Hartshorne, Hugh 38 

Heck, John W 85 

Henderson, Frank E 40 

Henderson , Peter 34 

Hendrickson, Chas. E., Jr 87 

Herrmann, L. Edward 89 

Hudson Co. National Bank 108 

Hudson Real Estate Co 93 

Hudspeth, Robert S 84 

Insley, Earle 87 

Jackson, Wisconsin 97 

Jersey City Trust Co 107 

Kellogg Co. , M . W 79 

Kingsland, Edmund W 108 

Leake, Eugene W 83 

Lembeck & Betz 53 

Leo, James 50 

Lewis, Charles A 100 

Lorillard & Co., P 64 

McCarthy, James W 84 

McEwan, Thomas 89 

McMaster, John S 85 

Mead Johnson & Co 71 

Mehl & Co., John 59 

Merchants Ref'g Co 67 

MeullerCo.,C. F 76 

Michel & Eigenrauch 93 

Millar, E. F 108 



Pace 

Muirheid, Walter G 37 

Mullins, John 39 

Murphy, Benjamin 4' 

New Jersey Paint Works 72 

N. J. Title Guarantee & Trust Co 106 

Nimmo, John 33 

Nugent, Henry T 96 

O'Connor, James J 74 

O'Mealia, James F 61 

Paul, John H 99 

Perkins, Arthur L 75 

Pfingsten, Gustav .A 94 

Record, George L 88 

Reed & Carnrick <'3 

Reese Co., H. C 75 

Resch, John A 99 

Riegel Sack Co 75 

Ryer, Thomas A 94 

Safety Car Heating and Lighting Co. 71 

Savoye, Edward 100 

Schmidt, Oscar 80 

Sherwood, Louis 98 

Slater, C. Howard 100 

Smooth-On Mfg. Co 48 

Stevens, Frank 92 

Stewart, Thomas J 56 

Stowell Mfg, Co 80 

Stratford Oakum Co 54 

Truslow & Fulle 73 

Union Trust Co 103 

Vanderbeek & Sons 49 

Van Winkle, Marshall 89 

Voorhees Rubber Mfg. Co 62 

Weastell, John H 4i 

West, A. Lincoln 69 

Wickes Bros 5^ 



ox 



9?8 



